body in literature synonym

Bodies in Literature

What kinds of reading, writing, and translation occur in relation to and between bodies nine writers explore the contours—and limits—of the human form on the page. .

LAURA RUIZ MONTES  42 YIN LICHUAN  43 NAJWA ALI  44 ZSUZSA TAKÁCS  46 JOSHUA BENNETT  48 NAUSHEEN EUSUF  50 JIM PASCUAL AGUSTIN  51 ZSOLT LÁNG  52 LORENZA RONZANO  54 

Curated and introduced by Sara Wilson

With additional online exclusives by Farid Tali, Frank Paino, Dipika Mukherjee, Zsolt Láng, and Lorenza Ronzano

Buy the full  print  or  digital  issue of  WLT  to read this section and to help support  WLT .

Prosopopoeia (an excerpt)

Phantoms as Ambassadors of Sense: A Conversation with Lorenza Ronzano

Doppelgänger

Written on the Body

Roasted Lover Thighs: A Recipe from the Zsolt Láng Cookbook

September 2015

Bodies in Literature, new fiction by Naja Marie Aidt and Nnedi Okorafor; verse by Dunya Mikhail, Jiang Tao, and six Cuban poets; and essays by Ma Jian and Chris Astwood.

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Table of Contents

Six cuban poets, in every issue, international crime & mystery, book reviews.

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It's always difficult at first to gain a sense of the body of literature on your topic - particularly its boundaries. This is because 'the body of literature' relevant to your topic often does not pre-exist definition of your topic. Part of your task in early months of candidature is to explore the studies, frameworks, concepts and methods that might be relevant to your inquiry. As you prioritize these, it becomes clearer which areas of research you need to review. For example, the literature review for a research project examining the sustainability of community-managed forestry practices in Papua New Guinea will not be limited to the literature on that particular topic. Indeed, there is not likely to be very much existing literature on that topic. However, there is a wealth of literature on ‘sustainability’, on ‘forestry practices’, and even on ‘community-management of forestry resources’. All these studies will need to be reviewed to define and contextualise these key terms in the proposed project. Determining what literature or previous research is relevant to your topic involves careful thought about your project's relationship to the discipline or disciplines within which you are working. Understanding the 'body' of literature also involves reading across articles and papers, rather than viewing each one independently. With this latter task, it can help to think about the following:

• Is this topic well established and extensively researched within the discipline or is it an area of emerging interest and expertise?
• Is there consensus or disagreement about the topic and how it should be approached?
• What are the issues or themes that arise most frequently in consideration of this topic?
• Can existing studies be grouped by method, results, approach or theme?
• Within the body of literature on this topic, which studies or authors are producing outstanding results? Why are these results particularly significant?
• What are the limitations of, and where are the gaps in, the existing literature? 
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© University of New England, 2024

The University of New England respects and acknowledges that its people, courses and facilities are built on land, and surrounded by a sense of belonging, both ancient and contemporary, of the world's oldest living culture. In doing so, UNE values and respects Indigenous knowledge systems as a vital part of the knowledge capital of Australia. We recognise the strength, resilience and capacity of the Aboriginal community and pay our respects to the Elders past, present and future.

Example sentences body of literature

The new research adds to a growing body of literature surrounding music’s influence on insect behavior.

Writing smuggled out of prisons or done after the writer's release has left its indelible mark on the body of literature .

The body of literature included popular fiction, text books and academic works.

It was seen as a great advance both in results and method, and rendered obsolete a large body of literature .

Its main goals are to situate the current study within the body of literature and to provide context for the particular reader.

Definition of 'body' body

Definition of 'literature' literature

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[ lit -er- uh -cher , -ch oo r , li -tr uh - ]

• writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays.

the literature of England.

the literature of ornithology.

• the profession of a writer or author.
• literary work or production.

literature describing company products.

• Archaic. polite learning; literary culture; appreciation of letters and books.

/ ˈlɪtərɪtʃə; ˈlɪtrɪ- /

• written material such as poetry, novels, essays, etc, esp works of imagination characterized by excellence of style and expression and by themes of general or enduring interest

Scandinavian literature

the literature of the violin

scientific literature

sales literature

• the art or profession of a writer
• obsolete. learning

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Other words from.

• pre·liter·a·ture noun

Word History and Origins

Origin of literature 1

Synonym Study

Example sentences.

If you want to understand the flamboyant family of objects that make up our solar system—from puny, sputtering comets to tremendous, ringed planets—you could start by immersing yourself in the technical terms that fill the scientific literature.

Poway Unified anticipates bringing forward two new courses – ethnic studies and ethnic literature – to the school board for review, said Christine Paik, a spokeswoman for the district.

The book she completed after that trip, Coming of Age in Samoa, published in 1928, would be hailed as a classic in the literature on sexuality and adolescence.

He also told Chemistry World he envisages the robots eventually being able to analyze the scientific literature to better guide their experiments.

Research also suggests that reading literature may help increase empathy and understanding of others’ experiences, potentially spurring better real-world behavior.

The research literature, too, asks these questions, and not without reason.

She wanted to know what happened over five years, or even 10, but the scientific literature had little to offer.

The religion shaped all facets of life: art, medicine, literature, and even dynastic politics.

Speaking of the literature you love, the Bloomsbury writers crop up in your collection repeatedly.

Literature in the 14th century, Strohm points out, was an intimate, interactive affair.

All along the highways and by-paths of our literature we encounter much that pertains to this "queen of plants."

There cannot be many persons in the world who keep up with the whole range of musical literature as he does.

In early English literature there was at one time a tendency to ascribe to Solomon various proverbs not in the Bible.

He was deeply versed in Saxon literature and published a work on the antiquity of the English church.

Such unromantic literature as Acts of Parliament had not, it may be supposed, up to this, formed part of my mental pabulum.

Related Words

• composition
• information

More About Literature

What is literature .

Literature is writing that uses artistic expression and form and is considered to have merit or be important.

As an artistic term, literature refers to written works, such as novels, short stories, biographies, memories, essays, and poetry. However, songs, movies, TV shows, video games, and paintings are typically not considered to be literature because the final output is not text.

At the same time, literature is usually thought to only include works of art . Informative works like newspapers, scientific journals, religious texts, press releases, and spreadsheets are generally not considered to be literature .

Yet in scientific study, especially anthropology or history, the word literature is used more broadly to describe everything that a specific society or group has ever written. For example, a researcher may be studying “Persian literature ,” which would include even mundane, non-artistic pieces of writing that was created by a citizen of the Persian empire, such as lists of food supplies.

Why is literature important?

The first records of the word literature come from around 1375. It ultimately comes from the Latin litterātūra , meaning “grammar” or “writing.”

What writings are considered literature is often debated. Average readers and literary experts often disagree on what counts as literature . Literary experts also disagree among themselves what is and isn’t literature . Usually, literature is defined as being “of interest” or having importance, which is obviously a subjective quality. Who gets to decide if a piece of writing is important? In the past, the answer was “people who can read.” In your own life, the literature you have studied has most likely been selected by an English teacher or a literature department at a college.

In everyday life, the word literature is most likely to be used when speaking academically or scholastically. Libraries and stores that sell books are less likely to use this broad, unhelpful term and are more likely to categorize written works using more specific words, like poetry , romance , or young adult fiction .

Did you know … ?

The oldest author whose name we know was Enheduanna, a Sumerian princess and high priestess who wrote poetry dedicated to the gods over 4,000 years ago. Her literature is the oldest written work we know of.

What are real-life examples of literature ?

People have many different opinions on what kinds of literature they like to read.

Who says great literature is dead? pic.twitter.com/m7yeKBkTxh — Stephen King (@StephenKing) April 11, 2018

Reading my twitter feed is still reading so that counts as literature right? — karlie jones (@__karlie__) March 11, 2013

What other words are related to literature ?

Quiz yourself.

Which of the following is NOT considered to be literature ?

A. a nature poem B. a science fiction novel C. a murder mystery television show D. a president’s autobiography

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Synonyms and antonyms of literature in English

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Synonyms and examples

Literature | american thesaurus.

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• body of knowledge

noun as in science

Strongest matches

• information

Strong matches

• scholarship

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Related words.

Words related to body of knowledge are not direct synonyms, but are associated with the word body of knowledge . Browse related words to learn more about word associations.

noun as in methodical study of part of material world

On this page you'll find 17 synonyms, antonyms, and words related to body of knowledge, such as: art, discipline, education, information, learning, and skill.

From Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.

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Definition of body

 (Entry 1 of 2)

Definition of body  (Entry 2 of 2)

transitive verb

• heft [ archaic ]
• externalize
• incorporate
• instantiate
• materialize
• personalize
• substantiate

Examples of body in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'body.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Noun and Verb

Middle English, from Old English bodig ; akin to Old High German boteh corpse

before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Phrases Containing body

body and soul

• body camera
• body cavity
• body - centered
• body corporate
• body double
• body English
• body - hugging
• body language
• body mass index
• body mechanics
• body piercing
• body politic
• body - shame
• body shamer
• body shaming
• body snatcher
• body stocking
• body temperature
• carotid body
• celestial body
• ciliary body
• fruiting body
• heavenly body
• inclusion body
• keep body and soul together
• ketone body
• mamillary body
• mammillary body
• out - of - body
• out - of - body experience
• over one's dead body
• pineal body
• sell one's body
• student body
• the body politic
• vertebral body
• wide - body

Articles Related to body

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Dictionary Entries Near body

Cite this entry.

“Body.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/body. Accessed 27 May. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of body, medical definition, medical definition of body, more from merriam-webster on body.

Nglish: Translation of body for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of body for Arabic Speakers

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Miklós Vámos

Paul Hostovsky: Pitching for the Apostates | Book Review

Paul Hostovsky

Liam Conway

It drifted along the side of the building, higher and higher, seemingly aiming to land on the flat rooftop, but then it suddenly slowed down, and plummeted onto the tiles of the balcony upside down, as though it were a dead bird.

Hostovsky’s fondness for words and keen ear for spoken language benefit his writing: he can record and create dialogue in a brilliant and natural way. In this respect, he has more in common with short-story writers than with most contemporary poets, who tend to avoid direct speech.

Nobody wants to hear a white guy going on about / the black people he has known, especially not / a white guy who hasn’t known many black people

I am here, watching on TV the President and Vice President of the United States of America run on a hamster wheel.

Interview with Artist Anna Hawkins

Anna Hawkins is an artist who works primarily in moving image and installation with an interest in the ways that images, gestures and language are circulated and transformed online and the impacts of technology on the intimate spheres of daily life.

The Spring Issue | 2024

Our Spring 2024 issue is packed with poems, stories, and art from around the world and we hope you enjoy the pieces we’ve selected as much as we enjoyed selecting them.

Gerald Fleming

Shopping center. A boy of about six trailing his parents—skinny kid with tousled hair, three of them heading toward their car.

“If we weren’t in this parking lot I’d slap the shit out of you,” the mother says to the boy.

Amanda Gaines

You must think that I am handling this poorly. My sister taught me that, too: how grief seizes us, paralyzes, renders us speechless and seemingly dumb. How in such a state, it’s best to look one’s best.

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THE POEM: Jack Kerouac’s 11th Chorus of Desolation Blues

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Role play is harder / alone in the hotel room, / it being more difficult / to suspend disbelief / single-handedly.

Philosophy of Life 101 Summer 1985

Exams are due by 1 pm Thursday, February 17, 2067.

Petr Hruška: Remembering Cormac McCarthy (20 July 1933 – 13 June 2023)

The fire on the American mountainside was dying down. My thought was that horror cannot be cheated if hope is to become believable.

Diane Simmons

There must be thousands of us non-Southerners with similar secret histories, people who profited from the crime of slavery and continue to do so.

W. H. Auden once said that poets should dress like businessmen. Thom Gunn preferred leather and chains.

These four poets and their recent books are representative of the poetry currently being written in Southwest England and the country more broadly.

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Interview with Artist Johanna Strobel

Weaving together disparate references spanning across histories and geographies, German interdisciplinary artist Johanna Strobel explores the entanglement between philosophy, semiotics, and actuality.

Interview with Artist Padma Rajendran

Padma Rajendran’s works on fabric experiment with the clash and combination of patterning and storytelling. She received her MFA from Rhode Island School of Design and teaches drawing at Vassar College.

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Translating Nelly Sachs: An interview with Joshua Weiner

“The biggest challenge of translating Sachs into English, for me, had to do with tracking the movement of her mind in the forming of a poem.”

The Russian Connection: an interview with Alan Bilton

The Russian Civil War was a truly terrible event in terms of awful acts of atrocious violence, but there’s also a weird sense of farce about this, of history being played at the wrong speed.

Finding Yourself Under a Waterfall: A Conversation with Andrey Filimonov

Andrey Filimonov comes from Tomsk, the 400-year-old “Athens of Siberia” and center of White Russian resistance during the Russian Civil War.

Recent Issues

© 2024 | B O D Y | bodyliterature.com

Pope recognizes miracle needed for church's first 'millennial' saint

Pope Francis recognized the second miracle needed for the canonization of Italian Blessed Carlo Acutis, who wrote, "the Eucarist is the highway to heaven." When people sit in the sun, they become tan, "but when they sit before Eucharistic Jesus, they become saints."

Italian Blessed Carlo Acutis, who died of leukemia in 2006 at the age of 15, is pictured in an undated photo. (CNS photo/courtesy Sainthood Cause of Carlo Acutis)

VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- Pope Francis formally recognized a miracle attributed to the intercession of Blessed Carlo Acutis, a 15-year-old Italian teenager whose birth in 1991 will make him the first "millennial" to become a saint.

In a meeting May 23 with Cardinal Marcello Semeraro, prefect of the Dicastery for Saints' Causes, the pope signed decrees advancing the sainthood causes of Blessed Acutis, as well as one woman, and six men.

The Vatican announced May 23 that the pope had signed the decrees and that he would convene a consistory to set a date for the canonization of Acutis and other future saints: Blesseds Giuseppe Allamano; Marie-Léonie Paradis of Québec, Canada; Elena Guerra; and eight Franciscan friars and three Maronite laymen who were martyred in Damascus, Syria, in 1860.

After he started high school, he began to curate, create or design websites, including one for a local parish, for his Jesuit-run high school and for the Pontifical Academy "Cultorum Martyrum," according to the saints' dicastery. He also used his computer skills to create an online database of Eucharistic miracles around the world.

He volunteered at a church-run soup kitchen, helped the poor in his neighborhood, assisted children struggling with their homework, played saxophone, soccer and videogames, and loved making videos with his dogs and cats, according to carloacutis.com, the website dedicated to his cause for canonization.

"To always be close to Jesus, that's my life plan," he wrote when he was 7 years old.

He was devoted to Our Lady, praying the rosary every day, and to the Eucharist.

"The Eucharist is the highway to heaven," he wrote. When people sit in the sun, they become tan, "but when they sit before Eucharistic Jesus, they become saints."

His mortal remains were moved to the municipal cemetery in Assisi in 2007 to fulfill his wish to be in the city of St. Francis. Then his remains were moved to the Shrine of the Renunciation at the Church of St. Mary Major in Assisi in 2019. He was buried wearing Nike sneakers, black jeans and an athletic warmup jacket -- clothes he was used to wearing every day.

In February 2020, the pope formally recognized a miracle attributed to Acutis' intercession and in October that year, the teen was beatified during a Mass at the Basilica of St. Francis. An estimated 117,000 pilgrims visited the teen's tomb in just the first year after his beatification, the Diocese of Assisi said the day before his feast day, Oct. 12, 2021.

The two miracles attributed to the intercession of the teen involved alleged miraculous recoveries for a young boy in Brazil in 2013 and a young woman in Florence in 2022.

The miracle Pope Francis recognized May 23 that paves the way for the blessed's canonization involved a young woman who was born in Costa Rica in 2001 and moved to Florence in 2018 to study.

The woman fell from her bicycle at 4 a.m. July 2, 2022, and suffered a serious head injury, according to the dicastery website. Even after emergency surgery removing part of her skull to reduce severe intracranial pressure, doctors warned her family she could die at any moment.

Pope Francis has urged young people to learn about Blessed Acutis, who "did a great deal of good things," despite his short life.

"Above all, he was impassioned by Jesus; and since he was very good at getting around on the internet, he used it in the service of the Gospel, spreading love for prayer, the witness of faith and charity toward others," the pope told young Italians Jan. 29.

"Prayer, witness and charity" were the hallmarks of Blessed Acutis' life and should be a key part of the life of every Christian, he said.

CATHOLIC NEWS SERVICE

With its Rome bureau founded in 1950, Catholic News Service has been providing complete, in-depth coverage of the popes and the Vatican for more than 70 years.  CNS Rome continues to be your fair, faithful and informed connection to the Holy See.

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Race recap: Josef Newgarden repeats as Indy 500 champ; here's the finishing order

The 108th Indianapolis 500 is here! Thirty-three drivers will take the green flag at the 2.5-mile Indianapolis Motor Speedway oval in search of the checkered flag , getting their likeness etched on the Borg-Warner trophy and a champion's blue jacket .

Scott McLaughlin is the pole-sitter, leading an all- Team Penske front row that includes 2018 race winner Will Power and defending race champion Josef Newgarden . NASCAR Cup points leader Kyle Larson is trying to race here (where he starts fifth) and in NASCAR's Coca-Cola 600 on the same day. Helio Castroneves is trying to become the first five-time race champion.

Here is the complete 33-car starting grid and more about the Indy 500 drivers and teams .

Nathan Brown is your best follow for all things Indy 500 and IndyCar. We have highlights and crashes.

LET'S HAVE SOME FUN: Indy 500 coverage from Snake Pit, Coke Lot and more

LIVE LEADERBOARD: Here's the race running order

7:45 p.m.: Josef Newgarden wins 2024 Indy 500

Josef Newgarden wins his second consecutive Indy 500, outdueling Pato O'Ward over the final laps and earning a $440,000 bonus for repeating as champ of the rain-delayed race.

Just like last year, Newgarden exits his car at the Yard of Bricks and heads into the crowd to celebrate.

"I love this crowd," Newgarden tells NBC moments after the race. "I've always got to go in the crowd."

O'Ward, now twice a runner-up, takes the lead in Turn 1 on the final lap, but Newgarden passes back heading into Turn 3 and holds on by 0.341 seconds. O'Ward makes the most on-track passes (43).

"So (expletive) close," a frustrated O'Ward says. He also finished 2nd in 2022.

For repeating as champ, Newgarden earns the big bonus from Borg Warner. The last repeat winner was Helio Castroneves in 2001-02. Newgarden leads 26 laps.

Team Penske earns its record-extending 20th Indy 500 victory.

Kyle Larson, who had hoped to drive the Indy 500 and Coca-Cola 600 on the same day, stays in Indianapolis and finishes 18th. He gets a penalty for speeding on pit road, taking him out of contention. However, he leads 4 laps.

Before taking off for Charlotte to join the Cup race, which has already begun, Larson says he wants to return to Indy.

Pole-sitter Scott McLaughlin leads the most laps (66) and finishes 6th. Christian Rasmussen is the highest finishing rookie (12th).

Biggest movers: Conor Daly gains 19 positions from the start (from 29th to 10th), Dixon gains 18 (from 21st to 3rd), as does Graham Rahal (from 33rd to 15th). Will Power loses 22 spots (2nd to 24th).

Seven of the top 10 cars have Chevrolet power.

The race is delayed 4 hours by rain.

Indy 500 finishing order

With finishing position, driver, team; W-former race winner; R-rookie

• Josef Newgarden (W), Team Penske
• Pato O'Ward, Arrow McLaren
• Scott Dixon (W), Chip Ganassi Racing
• Alexander Rossi (W), Arrow McLaren
• Alex Palou, Chip Ganassi Racing
• Scott McLaughlin, Team Penske
• Kyle Kirkwood, Andretti Global
• Santino Ferrucci, AJ Foyt Racing
• Rinus VeeKay, Ed Carpenter Racing
• Conor Daly, Dreyer & Reinbold-Cusick
• Callum Ilott, Arrow McLaren
• Christian Rasmussen (R), Ed Carpenter Racing
• Christian Lundgaard, Rahal Letterman Lanigan
• Takuma Sato (W), Rahal Letterman Lanigan
• Graham Rahal, Rahal Letterman Lanigan
• Sting Ray Robb, AJ Foyt Racing
• Ed Carpenter, Ed Carpenter Racing
• Kyle Larson (R), Arrow McLaren
• Romain Grosjean, Juncos Hollinger
• Helio Castroneves (W), Meyer Shank
• Kyffin Simpson (R), Chip Ganassi Racing
• Agustin Canapino, Juncos Hollinger
• Colton Herta, Andretti Global
• Will Power (W), Team Penske
• Marco Andretti, Andretti Global
• Ryan Hunter-Reay (W), Dreyer & Reinbold-Cusick
• Felix Rosenqvist, Meyer Shank
• Linus Lundqvist (R), Chip Ganassi Racing
• Katherine Legge, Dale Coyne Racing
• Marcus Armstrong (R), Chip Ganassi Racing
• Tom Blomqvist (R), Meyer Shank
• Pietro Fittipaldi, Rahal Letterman Lanigan
• Marcus Ericsson (W), Andretti Global

4:45 p.m.: Indy 500 live updates

Lap 195 : Josef Newgarden leads, with Pato O'Ward, Alexander Rossi and Scott Dixon all within 2 seconds. O'Ward passes Newgarden at the end of the lap.

Lap 190 : Josef Newgarden, Alexander Rossi, Pato O'Ward, Scott Dixon, Kyle Kirkwood, Alex Palou, Scott McLaughlin, Rinus VeeKay, Santino Ferrucci, Conor Daly.

Lap 185 : Kyle Larson leads laps, as does Kyffin Simpson. Among the contenders, Josef Garden and Alexander Rossi battling at the front. Scott Dixon and Pato O'Ward remain close.

Lap 180 : Ed Carpenter, Kyle Larson and Kyffin Simpson are the top 3, but they must pit.

Scott Dixon and Josef Newgarden are swapping the top spot among the contenders, with Alexander Rossi, Pato O'Ward, Kyle Kirkwood and Alex Palou lurking.

Lap 170 : Final pit stops are on the way. First in among the contenders is Alexander Rossi.

Lap 165 : Arrow McLaren teammates Pato O'Ward and Alexander Rossi are swapping the lead most laps, with Scott Dixon less than 1 second behind. Josef Newgarden, Alex Palou, Scott McLaughlin, Rinus VeeKay, Conor Daly, Santino Ferrucci and Kyle Kirkwood complete the top 10.

Lap 156 restart : A scramble for the lead puts Alexander Rossi in the lead, followed by Pato O'Ward and Scott Dixon. O'Ward takes the lead at the end of the lap.

Coming out of this caution, most cars appear to be in good shape on fuel and don't need to conserve. Scott Dixon's strategist, Mike Hull, says one more stop is coming.

Lap 147 : Will Power crashes at the end of Turn 1 with heavy front damage. Caution.

Lap 135 : Jostling among the contenders includes Alexander Rossi passing Scott McLaughlin and Josef Newgarden with one move.

Lap 132 : Several front-runners pit under green. Kyle Larson is penalized for a speeding on pit road.

Lap 127 : Josef Newgarden passes Penske teammate Scott McLaughlin for the lead. NBC notes that Scott Dixon's fuel strategy puts him in position to challenge. He's in 11th place.

Lap 119 restart : Scott McLaughlin, Alexander Rossi, Josef Newgarden, Santino Ferrucci and Alex Palou are the top 5. Kyle Larson is 6th.

Lap 114 restart : Scott McLaughlin takes the lead over Josef Newgarden as Marco Andretti spins in Turn 1 and hits the wall. Caution. Takuma Sato is sent to the back of the field for being out of position on a previous restart.

Rough day for Andretti Global.

Lap 107 : Ryan Hunter-Reay makes tire-to-tire contact with Scott Dixon, and RHR spins with front wing damage. Caution.

Lap 100 : Defending champ Newgarden is 2nd. If he wins, he earns a $440,000 bonus. Santino Ferrucci is 2nd, Scott McLaughlin 3rd. Top rookie : NASCAR Cup star Kyle Larson is 9th.

Also, Pato O'Ward saves himself from a crash.

Lap 91 restart : For cars on the alternate pit strategy, Christian Lundgaard passes Rinus VeeKay for the lead, with Sting Ray Robb in 3rd. Among cars on the traditional pit strategy, Josef Newgarden is 4th overall, just ahead of Santino Ferrucci.

Lap 88, pit stops during the caution : Callum Ilott gets pushed from behind by Kyle Kirkwood into Ed Carpenter's pit stall, and Carpenter must stop short. Kirkwood is penalized for avoidable contact.

Among the lead group, Josef Newgarden gets out of the pits first. Those remaining on track and leading the race: Rinus VeeKay, Christian Lundgaard, Sting Ray Robb, Conor Daly.

Lap 86 : Colton Herta spins and crashes between Turns 1 and 2. Caution. That's 8 cars out of the race.

Lap 80 : Scott McLaughlin leads, with Colton Herta 2nd and Josef Newgarden 3rd. Sting Ray Robb and Conor Daly have pitted. Kyle Larson is 8th.

Lap 75 : Sting Ray Robb leads with Scott McLaughlin 2nd. Conor Daly remains 3rd, with Colton Herta and Josef Newgarden rounding out the top 5.

Lap 65 restart : Scott McLaughlin goes inside of Conor Daly and Sting Ray Robb for the lead. Robb is 2nd and Colton Herta 3rd. Robb retakes the lead at the end of the lap.

Lap 58 : The leaders head to the pits. Among that group, Alexander Rossi comes out in front, with Scott McLaughlin next. Santino Ferrucci loses 4 places. Rinus VeeKay is penalized for an unsafe pit release and must take the restart from the rear of the field.

Lap 56 : Felix Rosenqvist suffers a mechanical issue and is out. Caution.

Lap 50 : Scott McLaughlin leads, followed by Santino Ferrucci, Alexander Rossi, Colton Herta, Josef Newgarden, Alex Palou, Felix Rosenqvist, Pato O'Ward, Kyle Larson and Christian Rasmussen in 10th. McLaughlin has led 35 laps. Herta, who started 13th, has made the most on-track passes (16). Six cars are out.

Lap 37 : Conor Daly gets by Scott McLaughlin for the lead. Daly had pitted on Lap 4 and will need to return soon.

Lap 33 restart : Scott McLaughlin surges to the lead with Santino Ferrucci 2nd.

Lap 28 : Linus Lundqvist slides and crashes in Turn 1. NBC's James Hinchcliffe: "This looks like Talladega," a famously crash-prone NASCAR track.

Lap 27 restart : Cars who did not pit during the caution. take the front. Conor Daly passes Sting Ray Robb for the race lead.

Lap 25 : Leaders pit during the caution. The top 8 maintain their positions, with Scott McLaughlin staying at the lead of that group.

Lap 23 : Katherine Legge suffers a mechanical issue and is out.

Lap 20 : Scott McLaughlin leads, with teammates Will Power and Josef Newgarden maintaining their starting positions of 2nd and 3rd. Santino Ferrucci is 4th and Alexander Rossi 5th. These are McLaughlin's first laps led in Indy 500 competition.

Lap 10 restart : Kyle Larson loses 10 positions after mis-shifting. He's 14th after starting the race 5th. The restart is under review.

Lap 8 : Marcus Armstrong 's car suffers a mechanical issue during the caution and is out.

Lap 1 : Tom Blomqvist goes too low in Turn 1 and spins, loses control and collects Marcus Ericsson and Pietro Fittipaldi . Commentary from NBC's James Hinchcliffe: "Rookie error. Just no other way to put it."

Ahead of them, Scott Dixon gains 6 positions on the opening lap. He started 21st.

Callum Ilott has a mechanical issue and needs to pit during the parade laps. He joins the field from the rear.

4:15 p.m.: 2024 Indy 500 has a curfew

The IndyCar Series announces that the race will end at 8:15 p.m., even if 200 laps haven't been completed, "in agreement with local law enforcement, to ensure race fans are able to leave and return home safely."

3:30 p.m.: 2024 Indy 500 has a start time

IMS officials are aiming for 4:44 p.m. ET .

2:45 p.m.: Track drying to begin, local TV blackout lifted

IMS President Doug Boles says air dryers are heading onto the track with the goal of starting the race by 5 p.m. In the wake of the rain delay, he says local NBC affiliates will show the race.

Rare treat for local fans: IMS lifts local live Indy 500 blackout after delays

2:10 p.m.: Indy 500 fans cleared to return to grandstands

The weather advisory for the Speedway area as cleared , and fans are encouraged to return to their seats. Track officials have not begun drying the track.

1:30 p.m.: TV coverage remains on NBC today

If the Indy 500 gets rolling today, it will remain on NBC . The Senior PGA Championship is scheduled to begin on NBC at 4 p.m., but the race would take precedence.

12:35 p.m.: Lightning is in the Speedway area

Officials ask fans to leave the grandstands and seek shelter.

12:30 p.m.: Indy 500 drivers ask fans for input during weather delay

11:35 a.m.: indy 500 is delayed with bad weather looming.

IndyStar's Nathan Brown has more details on race status .

11:20 a.m.: Indy 500 fans asked to seek shelter

With lightning expected in the Speedway area, track officials ask fans to seek shelter .

10:45 a.m.: IMS President Doug Boles rain update

Doug Boles anticipates rain arriving at IMS between noon-12:30 p.m.

He says the biggest concern is lightning, and would ask fans to leave grandstands by 11:15 a.m. if lightning is approaching the Speedway, and all on-track festivities would stop. The same would apply to the Snake Pit concert.

"It's really a challenging day for us," he said. "No matter what the decision is, it will be a difficult one."

He adds that fans would be allowed to leave the Speedway and re-enter, which is different from usual protocol.

If the storm tracks the way he anticipates, Boles said track drying could begin between 2:30-3 p.m., with plans to get the race in.

9:35 a.m.: Kyle Larson plans to stay at Indy 500

IndyStar's Nathan Brown says on the "Pit Pass Live" preview show that Rick Hendrick, Kyle Larson's NASCAR Cup team owner, has given the OK for Larson to stay in Indianapolis in case rain delays or interrupts for Indy 500. A relief driver would take over Larson's car in the Coca-Cola 600, which scheduled for a 6 p.m. ET start in Charlotte, N.C.

More: Larson will drive Indy 500 over NASCAR Cup race if weather dictates

Gavin Ward , team principal for Arrow McLaren, which is fielding Larson's car, said on the prerace show that Hendrick is "committed" to Larson's Indy 500 participation if at all possible.

8:35 a.m.: Doug Boles updates on Indy 500 weather

IMS President Doug Boles says on the " Pit Pass Live " preview show that biggest challenge facing race fans will be lightning.

"It's a challenge and there's no good answer," he said.

Boles said that in a break from a usual race day, IMS officials will allow fans to leave the track and re-enter should weather delay or interrupt the race.

Rain could affect Kyle Larson's effort to race the Indy 500 and NASCAR's Coca-Cola today. Boles loves the possibility, but "I haven't thought about Kyle Larson at all."

7:30 a.m.: Indy 500 rain delay? Radar watch

IMS President Doug Boles said early Sunday that track officials are watching approaching weather.

2024 Indy 500 coverage from IndyStar

33 things to know about Indy 500: Drivers to watch, history on the line, Larson's 'Double'

In case of inclement weather: Why they don't run the Indy 500 in the rain

Not saying: How a secret tutor helped Scott McLaughlin clinch the Indy 500 pole

What is a pace car? What to know about the Indy 500 pace car and driver

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Guest Essay

A Chill Has Fallen Over Jews in Publishing

By James Kirchick

Mr. Kirchick is a contributing writer to Tablet magazine, a writer at large for Air Mail and the author of “Secret City: The Hidden History of Gay Washington.”

This month, an account on X with the handle @moyurireads and 360 followers published a link to a color-coded spreadsheet classifying nearly 200 writers according to their views on the “genocide” in Gaza. Titled “Is Your Fav Author a Zionist?,” it reads like a cross between Tiger Beat and “The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.”

The novelist Emily St. John Mandel, the author of “Station Eleven” and “Sea of Tranquility,” earned a red “pro-Israel/Zionist” classification because, according to the list’s creator, she “travels to Israel frequently talks favorably about it.” Simply for posting a link to the Israeli chapter of the Red Cross, the novelist Kristin Hannah was deemed a “Zionist,” as was the author Gabrielle Zevin for delivering a book talk to Hadassah, a Jewish women’s organization. Needless to say, the creator of the list — whose post on X announcing it garnered over a million views within a few days — encourages readers to boycott any works produced by “Zionists.”

The spreadsheet is but the crudest example of the virulently anti-Israel — and increasingly antisemitic — sentiment that has been coursing through the literary world since the Hamas massacre of Oct. 7. Much of it revolves around the charge of genocide and seeks to punish Zionists and anyone else who refuses to explicitly denounce the Jewish state for allegedly committing said crime. Since a large majority of American Jews (80 percent of whom, according to a 2020 poll , said that caring about Israel is an important or essential part of their Judaism) are Zionists, to accuse all Zionists of complicity in genocide is to anathematize a core component of Jewish identity.

Over the past several months, a litmus test has emerged across wide swaths of the literary world effectively excluding Jews from full participation unless they denounce Israel. This phenomenon has been unfolding in progressive spaces (academia, politics, cultural organizations) for quite some time. That it has now hit the rarefied, highbrow realm of publishing — where Jewish Americans have made enormous contributions and the vitality of which depends on intellectual pluralism and free expression — is particularly alarming.

As is always and everywhere the case, this growing antisemitism is concomitant with a rising illiberalism. Rarely, if ever, do writers express unanimity on a contentious political issue. We’re a naturally argumentative bunch who — at least in theory — answer only to our own consciences.

To compel them to express support or disapproval for a cause is one of the cruelest things a society can do to writers, whose role is to tell society what they believe, regardless of how popular the message may be. The drawing up of lists, in particular, is a tactic with a long and ignominious history, employed by the enemies of literature — and liberty — on both the left and the right. But the problem goes much deeper than a tyro blacklist targeting “Zionists.”

One of the greatest mass delusions of the 21st century is the belief that Israel is committing a genocide against Palestinians. This grotesque moral inversion — in which a genocidal terrorist organization that instigated a war with Israel by committing the largest massacre of Jews since the Holocaust is absolved of responsibility while the victim of Hamas’s attack is charged with perpetrating the worst crime known to man — began taking shape before Israel even launched its ground invasion of Gaza.

A charitable description of those imputing genocidal motivations to Israel is that they are ignorant, essentially believing the word to mean “large numbers of civilian casualties.” (Here it’s worth noting that the United Nations, to little notice, has significantly lowered its estimate of the number of women and children killed in Gaza.) For others, accusing Israel of genocide is an emotional outlet for expressing outrage at such a horrific loss of life. A third, more pessimistic, characterization of the ubiquitous genocide canard is that it is only the latest iteration of the ancient antisemitic blood libel, which held that Jews murdered gentile children in order to use their blood for religious rituals.

College students and professional activists using overheated and imprecise language to convey their strongly held beliefs is hardly uncommon, and much of the intemperate language being directed at Israel and its Zionist supporters can be attributed to the hyperbole that increasingly characterizes our political discourse. What should worry us more is when people who have dedicated their lives to the written word manipulate language for a political end, one that is stigmatizing Jews.

Nine days after the Oct. 7 attack, the popular website Literary Hub began publishing what has since become a near-daily torrent of agitprop invective against what it describes as the “rogue ethnostate” of Israel, which it routinely accuses of committing genocide. In March, after a mass resignation of its staff members , the literary magazine Guernica retracted a personal essay by a left-wing Israeli woman about her experience volunteering to drive Palestinian children to Israel for medical treatment. In her resignation letter, one of the magazine’s co-publishers denounced the piece as “a hand-wringing apologia for Zionism and the ongoing genocide in Palestine.”

Whereas antisemitism in the literary world used to lurk in the shadows, according to the Jewish Book Council’s chief executive, Naomi Firestone-Teeter, since Oct. 7, it has become increasingly overt. “The fact that people have felt so proud and open about it is a different beast entirely,” she said. One of the most disturbing developments in this regard has been the frequency and contempt with which the word “Zionist” is now spit from people’s mouths in the United States.

Until relatively recently, the use of “Zionist” as a slur was most commonly confined to Soviet and Arab propagandists, who spent decades trying to render the word the moral equivalent of “Nazi.” Today many progressives use the word in similar fashion, making no distinction between a Zionist who supports a two-state solution (which, presumably, most Jews in the overwhelmingly liberal literary world do) and one who believes in a “Greater Israel” encompassing the entirety of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. And while anyone can be a Zionist, I’ve found in my 20 years of reporting on antisemitism that many Jews essentially hear “Jew” when someone shouts “Zionist" at them.

The corruption of the words “genocide” and “Zionist” lies at the root of the controversy threatening to unravel PEN America, the storied writers’ organization. As with many a literary contretemps, it involves a cascade of open letters. In February a missive that gained almost 1,500 signatures was published demanding that PEN “wake up from its own silent, tepid, neither-here-nor-there, self-congratulatory middle of the road and take an actual stand against an actual genocide.” The dozens of statements PEN had issued by that time calling attention to the plight of writers in Gaza (who the letter, without citing evidence, claimed had been “targeted” by Israel for assassination) were insufficient. “We demand PEN America release an official statement” about the writers killed in Gaza the letter read, “and name their murderer: Israel, a Zionist colonial state funded by the U.S. government.”

On March 20, PEN acceded to the ultimatum that it endorse the call for a cease-fire. But that did not satiate its critics.

Last month, in advance of PEN’s annual literary awards ceremony, nearly half of the nominated writers withdrew from the competition. A subset of those writers then released another open letter , declaring, “Among writers of conscience, there is no disagreement. There is fact and fiction. The fact is that Israel is leading a genocide of the Palestinian people.” They accused PEN of “normalizing genocide,” denounced PEN for its “platforming of Zionists” and, most shamefully, called for the resignation of its Jewish chief executive, Suzanne Nossel, on account of her “longstanding commitments to Zionism.”

Along with eight other past presidents of PEN, Salman Rushdie signed a letter in defense of the organization , an intervention that earned him an “unclear” rating on the anti-Zionist blacklist. (He has braved far worse from Islamist zealots and their Western apologists.) PEN ultimately canceled both the awards ceremony and subsequent World Voices Festival.

Dissatisfaction with PEN’s purported lack of indignation over the deaths of Palestinian writers is a fig leaf. Where were the efforts by those now decrying PEN to protest the complete absence of freedom of expression that has characterized the Gaza Strip under 17 years of Hamas rule?

The real objectives behind the cynical weaponization of the word “genocide” and the authoritarian insistence that anyone who disagrees with it is an enabler of one are to shut down debate, defame dissenters and impose a rigid orthodoxy throughout the publishing world. It is a naked attempt to impose an ideological litmus test on anyone hoping to join the republic of letters — a litmus test that the vast majority of Jews would fail.

A campaign of intimidation, the sort of thing that happens to the dissident writers in closed societies whom PEN regularly champions, is afoot to pressure writers into toeing this new party line. PEN’s current president, Jenny Finney Boylan, recently said that she had heard from “many, many authors who do not agree with those withdrawing from PEN events and who do not wish to withdraw from our events themselves but are afraid of the consequences if they speak up.”

Compelling speech — which is ultimately what PEN’s critics are demanding of it — is the tactic of commissars, not writers in a free society. Censorship, thought policing and bullying are antithetical to the spirit of literature, which is best understood as an intimate conversation between the author and individual readers.

PEN’s detractors aren’t helping the Palestinian people with their whitewashing of Hamas. They’re engaged in a hostile takeover of a noble organization committed to the defense of free expression in order to advance a sectarian and bigoted political agenda.

Neil Gaiman, Taylor Jenkins-Reid, Ms. Mandel and other hugely successful authors need not worry that being denounced as a Zionist will hurt their careers. But the blacklists and the boycotts do not really targeted at them. The actual targets of this crusade are lesser-known authors, budding novelists, aspiring poets and creative writing students — largely but not exclusively Jewish — who can feel a change in the air.

“I do now definitely have concern as a Jewish author — two years working on a novel that has absolutely nothing to do with Jews in any way, just because it says ‘National Jewish Book Award winner’ in my bio — that it may change the way readers see the work,” said a Jewish creative writing professor and novelist who spoke to me on the condition of being quoted anonymously.

No longer is being on the receiving end of a review bomb the worst fate that can befall a Jewish writer exploring Jewish themes; even getting such a book published is becoming increasingly difficult. “It’s very clear you have to have real courage to acquire and publish proudly Jewish voices and books about being Jewish,” a prominent literary agent told me. “When you are seen as genocidal, a moral insult to humanity because you believe in Israel’s right to exist, you are now seen as deserving of being canceled.”

There’s a distasteful irony in a literary community that has gone to the barricades fighting book “bans” now rallying to boycott authors based on their ethnoreligious identity. For a growing set of writers, declaring one’s belief that the world’s only Jewish state is a genocidal entity whose dismantlement is necessary for the advancement of humankind is a political fashion statement, a bauble one parades around in order to signify being on the right team. As was Stalinism for an earlier generation of left-wing literary intellectuals, so is antisemitism becoming the avant-garde.

James Kirchick is a contributing writer to Tablet magazine, a writer at large for Air Mail and the author of “Secret City: The Hidden History of Gay Washington.”

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