literature review definition in hindi

English Hindi Dictionary | अंग्रेज़ी हिन्दी शब्दकोश

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• शब्द प्रचलन
• शब्द सहेजें

review का हिन्दी अर्थ

Review के हिन्दी अर्थ, संज्ञा .

• गुण-दोष निरूपण +1

क्रिया 

• अलोचना करना +1

review शब्द रूप

Review की परिभाषाएं और अर्थ अंग्रेजी में, review संज्ञा.

• follow-up , followup , reexamination

निरीक्षण, ... सदस्यता लें

• "the platoon stood ready for review"
• "we had to wait for the inspection before we could use the elevator"
• reappraisal , reassessment , revaluation
• critical review , critique , review article
• recap , recapitulation
• limited review

review क्रिया

• "let's review your situation"
• look back , retrospect
• "she reviewed her achievements with pride"

go over , survey , survey

• brush up , refresh
• "I reviewed the material before the test"
• "Please critique this performance"
• "She reviews books for the New York Times"

review के समानार्थक शब्द

• go over , survey

A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company or a critical take on current affairs in literature, politics or culture. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit.

review के लिए अन्य शब्द?

review के उदाहरण और वाक्य

review के राइमिंग शब्द

अंग्रेजी हिन्दी अनुवादक

Words starting with

Review का हिन्दी मतलब.

review का हिन्दी अर्थ, review की परिभाषा, review का अनुवाद और अर्थ, review के लिए हिन्दी शब्द। review के समान शब्द, review के समानार्थी शब्द, review के पर्यायवाची शब्द। review के उच्चारण सीखें और बोलने का अभ्यास करें। review का अर्थ क्या है? review का हिन्दी मतलब, review का मीनिंग, review का हिन्दी अर्थ, review का हिन्दी अनुवाद

"review" के बारे में

review का अर्थ हिन्दी में, review का इंगलिश अर्थ, review का उच्चारण और उदाहरण वाक्य। review का हिन्दी मीनिंग, review का हिन्दी अर्थ, review का हिन्दी अनुवाद

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A systematic Literature Review in Hindi Language

by shabdika pandey

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Vishal Goyal

Sreelekha S

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Abstract Processing content for security becomes more and more important since every local danger can have global consequences. Being able to collect and analyse information in different languages is a great issue. This paper addresses multilingual solutions for analysis of press articles for epidemiological surveillance. The system described here relies on pragmatics and stylistics, giving up “bag of sentences” approach in favour of discourse repetition patterns.

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Extensive work has been done on different activities of natural language processing for Western languages as compared to its Eastern counterparts particularly South Asian Languages. Western languages are termed as resource-rich languages. Core linguistic resources e.g. corpora, WordNet, dictionaries, gazetteers and associated tools being developed for Western languages are customarily available. Most South Asian Languages are low resource languages e.g. Urdu is a South Asian Language, which is among the widely spoken languages of sub-continent. Due to resources scarcity not enough work has been conducted for Urdu. The core objective of this paper is to present a survey regarding different linguistic resources that exist for Urdu language processing, to highlight different tasks in Urdu language processing and to discuss different state of the art available techniques. Conclusively, this paper attempts to describe in detail the recent increase in interest and progress made in Urdu language processing research. Initially, the available datasets for Urdu language are discussed. Characteristic, resource sharing between Hindi and Urdu, orthography, and morphology of Urdu language are provided. The aspects of the pre-processing activities such as stop words removal, Diacritics removal, Normalization and Stemming are illustrated. A review of state of the art research for the tasks such as Tokenization, Sentence Boundary Detection, Part of Speech tagging, Named Entity Recognition, Parsing and development of WordNet tasks are discussed. In addition, impact of ULP on application areas, such as, Information Retrieval, Classification and plagiarism detection is investigated. Finally, open issues and future directions for this new and dynamic area of research are provided. The goal of this paper is to organize the ULP work in a way that it can provide a platform for ULP research activities in future. Keywords Urdu language processing (ULP) · Datasets · Characteristics · Natural language processing (NLP) · Part-of-speech (POS) · Named entity recognition (NER) · Sentence boundary detection (SBD)

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Abstract Large lexical resources, such as corpora and databases of Web ngrams, are a rich source of pre-fabricated phrases that can be reused in many different contexts. However, one must be careful in how these resources are used, and noted writers such as George Orwell have argued that the use of canned phrases encourages sloppy thinking and results in poor communication.

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and analysing human language computationally. It has spread its applications in various fields such as machine translation, email spam detection, information extraction, summarization, medical, and question answering etc. The paper distinguishes four phases by discussing different levels of NLP and components of Natural Language Generation (NLG) followed by presenting the history and evolution of NLP, state of the art presenting the various applications of NLP and current trends and challenges.

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Tamil has initiated its technological development well in advance. It has made use of all the opportunities given to it for making it suitable for digitalization and computerization. The references listed below stand to establish its efforts in fulfilling the need of the day i.e. technological development. Governments, both state and central, funded liberally for the technological development of Tamil. This helped it to develop MT systems, wordNet and other NLP systems. Private organizations also contributed for this mission. Many individuals, both from inside and abroad, literally worked for Tamil computing. The organizations such as CIIL, AUKBCRC, Anna University, Amrita University, Tamil Virtual Academy, Tamil University, and Madras University need to appreciated for their efforts in uplifting Tamil in the era of Information Technology. Tamil has switched over to Unicode abandoning other systems. Tamil has comparatively commendable resouces and tools for NLP applications. Sumptuous amount of text corpora, speech corpora and parallel corpoara are available for Tamil. A good number of speech recognition systems and text to speech systems are developed for Tamil. Reliable morphological analyzers, morphological generators, syntactic parsers, chunkers, shallow parsers, named entiry recogniztion sytems optical character recognition system are available for Tamil. Computational semantics also improved in Tamil. There are attempts to develop word sense disambiguation system, question answering system, relationship extraction system, sentiment analysis systems, automatic summarization systems, and coreference resolution systems. Efforts are made to develop text generation systems too for Tamil. Tamil shows only positive symptoms in the technological development.

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Malayalam has initiated its technological development well in advance. It has made use of all the opportunities given to it for making it suitable for digitalization and computerization. The references listed below stand to establish its efforts in fulfilling the need of the day i.e. technological development. Governments, both state and central, funded liberally for the technological development of Tamil. This helped it to develop MT systems, wordNet and other NLP systems. Private organizations also contributed for this mission. Many individuals, both from inside and abroad, literally worked for Tamil computing. The organizations such as CIIL, Mysore, Kerala University, Amrita University, CDAC-Trivandrum need to be appreciated for their efforts in uplifting Malayalam in the era of Information Technology. Malayalam is now prepared for the full-fledged digitalization as visualized by the central government. Of course there still many unfinished works. For example MT systems are yet to me modified to make it suitable for the general users. Malayalam WordNet is to expanded or augmented to make it at par with European languages. There are many problems with the Unicode slots allotted for Malayalam. Malayalam need more slots for proper grammatical analysis. Still scholars convert Malayalam into roman and then into Malayalam after grammatical analysis. WX transliteration system adopted for inputting Malayalam is notoriously bad. This problem has to be solved. Many computational tools developed so far have to be made available as open source. The language resources such as text corpus, speech corpus, parallel corpus, etc. have to share and made available to the general users. Cloud sourcing can be encouraged to minimize the efforts. Repetition of works need to be avoided. Resources available to one have to be shared with others. There should be combined efforts for the technological development of Malayalam.

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ABSTRACT Existing state-of-the-art techniques to identify the language of a written text most often use a 3-gram frequency table as basis for'fingerprinting'a language. While this approach performs very well in practice (99%-ish accuracy) if the text to be classified is of size, say, 100 characters or more, it cannot be used reliably to classify even shorter input, nor can it detect if the input is a concatenation of text from several languages.

2019, Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 19:5

This research material entitled “ENGLISH TO TAMIL MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEM USING PARALLEL CORPUS” was lying in my lap since 2013. I was planning to edit and publish it in book form after making necessary modifications. But as I have taken up some academic responsibility in Amrita University, Coimbatore after my retirement from Tamil University, I could not find time to fulfil my mission. So I am presenting it in raw format here. Let it see the light. Kindly bear with me. I am helpless. Statistical machine translation (SMT) is a machine translation paradigm where translations are generated on the basis of statistical models whose parameters are derived from the analysis of bilingual text corpora. The statistical approach contrasts with the rule-based approaches to machine translation as well as with example-based machine translation. Statistical machine translation (SMT) learns how to translate by analyzing existing human translations (known as bilingual text corpora). In contrast to the Rules Based Machine Translation (RBMT) approach that is usually word based, most mondern SMT systems are phrased based and assemble translations using overlap phrases. In phrase-based translation, the aim is to reduce the restrictions of word-based translation by translating whole sequences of words, where the lengths may differ. The sequences of words are called phrases, but typically are not linguistic phrases, but phrases found using statistical methods from bilingual text corpora. Analysis of bilingual text corpora (source and target languages) and monolingual corpora (target language) generates statistical models that transform text from one language to another with that statistical weights are used to decide the most likely translation.

ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to identify how standard Information Retrieval (IR) techniques can be adapted in Web retrieval for non-English queries. In particular, we address the challenge of stemming queries and documents in a multilingual setting. Experiments with a multilingual collection of over 20 languages, more than 800 queries, and various stemming strategies in these languages reveal that using no stemming results in satisfactory Web retrieval performance, that is overall stable.

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2010, 中文計算語言學期刊

Transliteration is the general choice for handling named entities and out of vocabulary words in any MT application, particularly in machine translation. Transliteration (or forward transliteration) is the process of mapping source language phonemes or graphemes into target language approximations; the reverse process is called back transliteration. This paper presents a novel approach to improve Punjabi to Hindi transliteration by combining a basic character to character mapping approach with rule ...

2008, Proceedings of the 2nd Swedish language technology …

Adrian Iftene

Advances in Natural Language Processing and …

The major aim of the research work is to prepare a shallow parser for Malayalam to enable machine translation, especially between Malayalam and Tamil. A typical shallow parsing includes three processes: Parts of Speech (POS) Tagging, Chunking and establishing relationship between chunks. As Malayalam is an inflectionally rich language and most of the grammatical functions are realized by inflection, morphological parsing is taken as part of the shallow parsing. So the present shallow parser includes the following procedures: morphological parsing, POS tagging, chunking and establishing relationship among chunks. A part form shallow parsing a chapter is also included dealing about the ILILMT system in which the authors were involved in developing a birectional MT system between Malaylam and Tamil. The book is organized into the following chapters: 1. Introduction 2. Natural Language Processing & Machine Translation 3. Shallow Parsing 4. Morphological Analysis 5. Parts Of Speech Tagging 6. Chunking 7. Shalllow parsing in Malayalam 8. ILMT Machine Translation system 9. Conclusion In the introductory chapter just introduces the theme of the present work. In the scond chapter a brief of introduction of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Computational Linguistics and Machine Translation has been given. The areas of application of natural language processing and machine translation have also been discussed. Various approaches to machine translation and their advantages and disadvantages are all also discussed. Major works that were carried out in the world and India in these fields have also been mentioned. Also a brief description of Malayalam Language, one of the Dravidian languages has been given. The third chapter concentrates on shallow parsing. Here an introduction to shallow parsing has been given. Various techniques involved in parsing also found a place in this chapter. The different types of parsing along with the uses and the challenges towards parsing are also discussed. The shallow parser described here includes morphological analysis and parsing, parts of speech tagging and chunking for Malayalam. The fourth chapter discusses morphological analysis. Different kindls of morphological models, morphological processes, morphological structures and morphotactics are discussed. The knowledge required to create a morphological analyzer has been explained. The paradism based approach which is used in this project and its advantage over other approaches have been explained. The fith chapter focuses on Parts of Speech (POS) tagging. The issues and the principles in parts of speech tagging is elaborated uppon. A brief description of various models and their problems has been discussed along with the comparison of the models. The issues in the tagset design have been made. Also various types of tagsets for parts of speech tagging which have been currently used for annotating the corpora of Indian language have been discussed. The sixth chapter concentrates on chunking. The problems and issues in chunking have been elaborated upon. Also the chunking algorithms and chunk tagsets which are presently used are described. The seventh chapter is a special chapter taks about the shallow parsing in Malayalam furnishing examples. The eighth chapte is on Indian Language to Indian Language Machine Translation System. It is a bidirectional system working on both dirctionsion of the language pairs. Here we have taken up only Malayalam-Tamil pair. The MT system will work on web pages or text material from books, magazines, newspaper etc, written in standard language. The nineth chapter is conclusion This work will be an asset to those students who are wiling to do works on NLP. The various models in this machine translation system can be used independently as well as integrated with various machine translation systems. This can be used by public. This works is mainly carried out for Malayalam and this can be extended towards various other Indian Languages with changes in the Linguistic data of respective languages. Presently the System works for General Purpose, Tourism and Health domains, this can also further extend towards various other domains like Sorts, Agriculture etc.

Eszter Simon , András Serény

Methods for the automatic acquisition of Language Resources and their evaluation methods

Certain linguistic phenomena (e.g., ambiguity) pose computational problems that can only be solved if the system has access to lexical knowledge in general and to verb subcategorization frames in particular. Automatic subcategorization learning systems have been developed for most European languages. In this paper a Hungarian adaptation of successful models constructed for other languages is discussed with special emphasis on grammatical case based learning. The key approach adopted for our model is a statistical learning mechanism originally devised by Brent (Brent, 1993) and applied in a number of systems. In addition to and in parallel with the development of a system for the automatic acquisition of subcategorization frames, our project has the broader aim of modelling the mechanisms of child language acquisition, specifically the process of learning argument structures (subcategorization frames) from the input available to young children acquiring an agglutinative language. The outcome of our computational model was tested against child language corpora: the development curves characterizing the machine learning algorithms match the characteristic U-shaped acquisition curves observed in child language.

dcs.shef.ac.uk

Judith Schlesinger , John M. Conroy

We present CLASSY's guided summarization as well as multi-lingual methods as submitted to TAC 2011. In addition, we describe improved metrics submitted to the AESOP task at TAC.

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How to write book review in Hindi with example- पुस्तक समीक्षा कैसे लिखें

अगर आप कोई ऐसी वेबसाइट खोलने की सोच रहे हैं जो किताबों पर आधारित है या किसी भी freelancer वेबसाइट पर book reviewer बनना चाहते हैं तो यह वेबसाइट आपके लिए ही है । आप इस पोस्ट में विस्तारपूर्वक जानेंगे कि how to write book review in Hindi यानि कि हिंदी में पुस्तक समीक्षा कैसे करें ? इस पोस्ट के माध्यम से आप आसानी से किसी भी book का review Hindi में कर सकते हैं ।

प्राचीन समय से ही किताबों की महत्ता विश्व समाज में सर्वोपरि रही है । पहले लोग किताबों के बारे में लोगों से सुन सुन कर , फिर किताब को पढ़ते थे । परन्तु , आज के digital दुनिया में लोग इंटरनेट पर किताबों के reviews खोजते हैं । इसके अलावा कई ऐसे publishers हैं जो अपनी किताब का review कराते हैं ताकि उन्हें सही मूल्यांकन का पता चल सकें । यह freelancing के अंतर्गत आता है ।

ऐसे में अगर आप किसी भी वजह या profession के लिए पुस्तक समीक्षा सीखना चाहते हैं तो how to write book review in Hindi का यह पोस्ट आपके लिए बहुत ही ज्यादा हेल्पफुल रहेगा । इसलिए इसे अंत तक पढ़ें और अगर आपको यह हेल्पफुल लगे तो शेयर जरुर करें । तो चलिए जानते हैं book review format in Hindi –

Book review क्या है ?

Book review एक पुस्तक का विश्लेषण है जिसमें इसके विषय, खूबियां, कमियां और संदर्भ शामिल हैं । इसमें किताब का संक्षिप्त सारांश, लेखक के पृष्ठभूमि की जानकारी, किताब का विषय और कंटेंट का evaluation किया जाता है ।

अपने विद्यार्थी दौर में आपने अपने हिंदी / इंगलिश शिक्षक से बुक रिव्यू करने का होमवर्क अवश्य पाया होगा या पा रहे होंगे । तो ऐसे में आप किताब के बारे में क्या राय रखते हैं या आपको किताब कैसी लगी , यही नहीं लिख सकते । सही मायनों में पुस्तक समीक्षा यह नहीं है । पुस्तक समीक्षा करते वक्त आपको निम्नलिखित बातों का ध्यान रखना चाहिए –

• किताब का short summary ( सारांश )
• लेखक की पृष्ठभूमि
• किताब का टॉपिक
• Content का critical evaluation

अगर आप ऊपर दिए इन 4 बिंदुओं को ध्यान में रखकर book review in Hindi करते हैं तो वह सही मायनों में पुस्तक समीक्षा होगी । आगे आप इस how to write book review in Hindi पोस्ट में उदाहरण के माध्यम से भी जानेंगे कि पुस्तक समीक्षा कैसे करें ?

How to write book review in Hindi

चलिए आपके प्रश्न book review kaise kare का उत्तर देते हैं । इसके पहले आप यह instagram infographic देख सकते हैं जिससे कि आपको इस पोस्ट के बारे में संक्षेप में idea हो जाएगा ।

अगर आप सच में एक expert book reviewer बनना चाहते हैं तो आपको सबसे पहले ढेर सारी किताबें पढ़ना चाहिए । आप किसी भी भाषा की किताबें पढ़कर काफी कुछ सीख सकते हैं इसलिए सबसे पहले पढ़ें ।

How to write book review in Hindi के लिए यह helpful infographic –

1. किताब की short summary लिखें

किसी भी किताब की समीक्षा करते समय , शुरुआत में उसकी short summary अवश्य लिखें । इससे लेखकों को उस किताब के content के बारे में थोड़ा idea हो जाता है कि वे किताब में क्या पढ़ेंगे । परन्तु , ध्यान रखें कि आपको इस summary में अपने reviews चाहे वो positive हों या negative , नहीं लिखना है । इसके साथ ही इस short summary में spoilers लिखने से बचें ।

अगर आप किताब के असली climax और अंत को शुरुआत में ही उजागर कर देंगे , तो readers के गुस्से का सामना आपको करना पड़ सकता है । इसलिए पाठकों के किताब पढ़ने के मज़े को बिल्कुल भी खराब न करें । इसके अलावा एक expert book reviewer की तरह किताब की समीक्षा करें ।

2. किताब के plus points को बताएं

book review in Hindi को लिखने के लिए short summary से शुरुआत करें । इसके बाद आपको बुक के बारे में short introduction देते हुए plus points बताना है । यह हमेशा ध्यान रखें कि समीक्षा के शुरुआत में कभी भी negative points को लिखने से बचें । किताब की अच्छाइयों को बताते हुए आप इन बिंदुओं का उत्तर दे सकते हैं –

• किताब में आपका सबसे पसंदीदा किरदार कौन था ?
• क्या किताब के सभी किरदार जीवंत ( real ) लग रहे थे ?
• क्या कोई पुस्तक पढ़ते समय आगे की कहानी को guess कर सकता है ?
• क्या आपको कहानी बांधे रखती है ?
• किताब में कौनसा भाग आपको सबसे अच्छा लगा ?
• क्या किताब ने आपकी भावनाओं से खेलने की कोशिश की ? जैसे हसना , रोना या दुखी होना इत्यादि ।
• आपको कौनसा dialogue सबसे रोचक लगा ?

3. किताब के negative points को लिखें

किताब के Good points को लिखने के बाद आपको उन points को लिखना चाहिए , जो आपको किताब के बारे में अच्छा न लगा हो । इसमें आप सभी negative points को लिख सकते हैं । Book review करते समय हमेशा critical रहें और ईमानदारी दिखाएं । आपकी किताब समीक्षा किसी भी पुस्तक के sales को घटा या बढ़ा सकती है इसलिए plz be honest !

Negative points को लिखते समय भी आप निम्न बिंदुओं पर गौर करें –

• क्या कहानी का main character पाठकों को entertain कर पाएगा या वह अपनी भूमिका सही से निभा पाया ?
• क्या आपको कहानी का अंत उबाऊपन लगा ? अगर हां तो क्यों ?
• क्या यह किताब / कहानी अपने main theme या topic से न्याय कर पाई ?

इन बिंदुओं को आप विस्तार से अपने किताब के नकारात्मक समीक्षा वाले भाग में लिख सकते हैं । इस तरह आप आसानी से और बेहतरीन तरीके से किताब के नकारात्मक पक्ष को भी पाठकों के समक्ष रख सकते हैं ।

4. अपने समीक्षा को round up करें

जिस तरह से आपने पूरी कहानी या किताब के कंटेंट को शुरुआत में summarise किया था ठीक उसी तरह आपको अपने book reviews को भी round up करना है । इसमें आप overall experience के बारे में बात करते हुए book recommendation भी कर सकते हैं । उदाहरण के तौर पर – यह किताब किसे पसंद आएगी ? क्या यह teenage बच्चो के पढ़ने लायक है ?

इसकेे अलावा आप ऐसी ही किसी अन्य किताब से compare भी कर सकते हैं । पर ध्यान रखें कि आप जिस भी अन्य किताब से compare करें , कम ही लिखें । ऐसा न लगे कि आप साथ ही किसी अन्य किताब की भी marketing कर रहे हों ।

5. किताब को rate करें

अगर आप जिस भी किताब का book review कर रहे हैं , उसका rating भी कर दें तो यह bonus point साबित होगा और आपके रीडर्स भी यह decide कर सकेंगे कि उन्हें यह पुस्तक पढ़नी है या नहीं । आप चाहें तो किताब के overall experience को 5 या 10 में से star दे सकते हैं ।

इस तरह आप समझ गए होंगे कि पुस्तक समीक्षा कैसे लिखें । पुस्तक समीक्षा को लिखने के लिए यह जरूरी 5 बिंदुओं को ध्यान में अवश्य रखें और बुक रिव्यू लिखना शुरू करें ।

How to write book review in Hindi – Examples

अगर आप How to write book review in Hindi का एक बेहतरीन Example तलाश रहे हैं , तो Femina वेबसाइट पर छपे Animal farm Hindi book review की पुस्तक समीक्षा को पढ़ सकते हैं । इसे पढ़कर आप सही मायने में किसी पुस्तक की समीक्षा कर सकते हैं ।

इसके अलावा भी अगर आप विद्यार्थी हैं तो learncbse पर इस पोस्ट को पढ़ सकते हैं जिसमें ढेरों पुस्तक समीक्षाएं मौजूद है । इसे आप पढ़कर अपने स्कूली परीक्षाओं में लिख भी सकते हैं ।

पुस्तक समीक्षा के लिए क्या Qualification हैं ?

पुस्तक समीक्षा करने के लिए कोई specific qualification की जरूरत तो नहीं है , फिर भी अगर आप एक expert book reviewer बनना चाहते हैं तो हिंदी / इंगलिश विषय में स्नातक या स्नातकोत्तर तक की पढ़ाई कर सकते हैं । इससे आपकी हिंदी या अंग्रेजी भाषा पर काफी अच्छी पकड़ हो जाएगी , जो आपको पुस्तक समीक्षा में काफी मदद करेगा ।

इसके अलावा भी आप पुस्तक समीक्षा लिखने से पहले इन बिंदुओं पर ध्यान दें –

• ज्यादा से ज्यादा किताबों को पढ़ें
• किताबों का मुफ्त में रिव्यू करना शुरू करें
• ऊपर बताए गए guidelines को ध्यान में रखकर ही book review करें
• Book review करते समय ईमानदारी दिखाएं और हमेशा रीडर्स की भलाई के बारे में सोचें
• अपनी इंटरनेट पर online presence बनाएं और सभी बुक रिव्यूज को अपने ब्लॉग पर रखें
• किसी खास genre की पुस्तक समीक्षा करने के लिए specialist बनें
• अपने सबसे बेहतरीन समीक्षाओं को इकट्ठा करें और जरूरत पड़ने पर clients को दिखाएं
• किसी बेहतरीन book community का हिस्सा जरूर बनें
• किसी भी बुक लॉन्च के एक महीने पहले से ही उस पुस्तक की समीक्षा की तैयारी करें

अगर आप ऊपर बताए गए सभी बिंदुओं पर ध्यान देकर book review in Hindi करते हैं तो आप आसानी से इस फील्ड में expert बन सकते हैं ।

Book review करने के लिए websites

अगर आप पुस्तक समीक्षा करने के लिए तैयार और eligible हैं तो आप content writing के अंतर्गत नीचे दिए वेबसाइट्स पर आने लिए जॉब ढूंढ सकते हैं ।

• writer fulbooks
• Kirkus Media
• Online Book Club

How to write book review in Hindi – Conclusion

अगर आप किसी भी पुस्तक की समीक्षा लिखना चाहते हैं या कर रहे हैं तो यह पोस्ट आपके लिए काफी लाभदायक साबित होगा । इसे आप पूरा पढ़ें और पोस्ट में लिखें बिंदुओं को पुस्तक समीक्षा करते समय अवश्य ध्यान में रखें । How to write book reviews in Hindi का यह पोस्ट अगर आपको पसंद आया हो तो शेयर अवश्य करें ताकि अन्य लोगों को भी फायदा हो ।

• Review meaning in Hindi
• Literature review meaning in Hindi
• Amish Tripathi Books in Hindi
• Motivational Books in Hindi
• Atomic Habits Book Summary in Hindi
• Best Osho Books in Hindi
• Human Psychology Books in Hindi

इसके साथ ही आप पोस्ट के बारे में नीचे कॉमेंट कर सकते हैं । हम इस वेबसाइट पर पुस्तक समीक्षा भी करते हैं , तो आपको किस पुस्तक की समीक्षा चाहिए उसे भी कमेंट के जरिए अवश्य बताएं ।

5 responses to “How to write book review in Hindi with example- पुस्तक समीक्षा कैसे लिखें”

Women emporment and bharat in hindi review

We’ll review this one in near future.

Very nicely written article, lot to learn from this. Good job they are very helpful for hindi review of books.

very nice content . thank you sir

Thanks Pramod, keep visiting.

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Literature मीनिंग : Meaning of Literature in Hindi - Definition and Translation

• हिन्दी से अंग्रेजी
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• literature Meaning
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LITERATURE MEANING IN HINDI - EXACT MATCHES

Other related words, definition of literature.

• creative writing of recognized artistic value
• the humanistic study of a body of literature ; "he took a course in Russian lit"
• published writings in a particular style on a particular subject; "the technical literature "; "one aspect of Waterloo has not yet been treated in the literature "

RELATED SIMILAR WORDS (Synonyms):

Information provided about literature:.

Literature meaning in Hindi : Get meaning and translation of Literature in Hindi language with grammar,antonyms,synonyms and sentence usages by ShabdKhoj. Know answer of question : what is meaning of Literature in Hindi? Literature ka matalab hindi me kya hai (Literature का हिंदी में मतलब ). Literature meaning in Hindi (हिन्दी मे मीनिंग ) is साहित्य.English definition of Literature : creative writing of recognized artistic value

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Meaning summary.

Synonym/Similar Words : lit

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Methodology

• How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates

Published on January 2, 2023 by Shona McCombes . Revised on September 11, 2023.

What is a literature review? A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic .

There are five key steps to writing a literature review:

• Search for relevant literature
• Evaluate sources
• Identify themes, debates, and gaps
• Outline the structure
• Write your literature review

A good literature review doesn’t just summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes , and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the subject.

Table of contents

What is the purpose of a literature review, examples of literature reviews, step 1 – search for relevant literature, step 2 – evaluate and select sources, step 3 – identify themes, debates, and gaps, step 4 – outline your literature review’s structure, step 5 – write your literature review, free lecture slides, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions, introduction.

• Quick Run-through
• Step 1 & 2

When you write a thesis , dissertation , or research paper , you will likely have to conduct a literature review to situate your research within existing knowledge. The literature review gives you a chance to:

• Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic and its scholarly context
• Develop a theoretical framework and methodology for your research
• Position your work in relation to other researchers and theorists
• Show how your research addresses a gap or contributes to a debate
• Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your knowledge of the scholarly debates around your topic.

Writing literature reviews is a particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research. We’ve written a step-by-step guide that you can follow below.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Writing literature reviews can be quite challenging! A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind of literature review you’d like to write.

• Example literature review #1: “Why Do People Migrate? A Review of the Theoretical Literature” ( Theoretical literature review about the development of economic migration theory from the 1950s to today.)
• Example literature review #2: “Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines” ( Methodological literature review about interdisciplinary knowledge acquisition and production.)
• Example literature review #3: “The Use of Technology in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Thematic literature review about the effects of technology on language acquisition.)
• Example literature review #4: “Learners’ Listening Comprehension Difficulties in English Language Learning: A Literature Review” ( Chronological literature review about how the concept of listening skills has changed over time.)

You can also check out our templates with literature review examples and sample outlines at the links below.

Download Word doc Download Google doc

Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic .

If you are writing the literature review section of a dissertation or research paper, you will search for literature related to your research problem and questions .

Make a list of keywords

Start by creating a list of keywords related to your research question. Include each of the key concepts or variables you’re interested in, and list any synonyms and related terms. You can add to this list as you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search.

• Social media, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, TikTok
• Body image, self-perception, self-esteem, mental health
• Generation Z, teenagers, adolescents, youth

Search for relevant sources

Use your keywords to begin searching for sources. Some useful databases to search for journals and articles include:

• Your university’s library catalogue
• Google Scholar
• Project Muse (humanities and social sciences)
• Medline (life sciences and biomedicine)
• EconLit (economics)
• Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science)

You can also use boolean operators to help narrow down your search.

Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources.

You likely won’t be able to read absolutely everything that has been written on your topic, so it will be necessary to evaluate which sources are most relevant to your research question.

For each publication, ask yourself:

• What question or problem is the author addressing?
• What are the key concepts and how are they defined?
• What are the key theories, models, and methods?
• Does the research use established frameworks or take an innovative approach?
• What are the results and conclusions of the study?
• How does the publication relate to other literature in the field? Does it confirm, add to, or challenge established knowledge?
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research?

Make sure the sources you use are credible , and make sure you read any landmark studies and major theories in your field of research.

You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re thinking about using. Click on either button below to download.

Take notes and cite your sources

As you read, you should also begin the writing process. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review.

It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism . It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography , where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you remember what you read and saves time later in the process.

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To begin organizing your literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships between the sources you’ve read. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for:

• Trends and patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time?
• Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature?
• Debates, conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree?
• Pivotal publications: are there any influential theories or studies that changed the direction of the field?
• Gaps: what is missing from the literature? Are there weaknesses that need to be addressed?

This step will help you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing knowledge.

• Most research has focused on young women.
• There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media.
• But there is still a lack of robust research on highly visual platforms like Instagram and Snapchat—this is a gap that you could address in your own research.

There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically).

Chronological

The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order.

Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred.

If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic.

For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access.

Methodological

If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods , you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. For example:

• Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative research
• Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical scholarship
• Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources

Theoretical

A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework . You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts.

You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research.

Like any other academic text , your literature review should have an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion . What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review.

The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature review.

Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or methodological approach.

As you write, you can follow these tips:

• Summarize and synthesize: give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole
• Analyze and interpret: don’t just paraphrase other researchers — add your own interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the literature as a whole
• Critically evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources
• Write in well-structured paragraphs: use transition words and topic sentences to draw connections, comparisons and contrasts

In the conclusion, you should summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance.

When you’ve finished writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting. Not a language expert? Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services !

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If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

• Sampling methods
• Simple random sampling
• Stratified sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Likert scales
• Reproducibility

 Statistics

• Null hypothesis
• Statistical power
• Probability distribution
• Effect size
• Poisson distribution

Research bias

• Optimism bias
• Cognitive bias
• Implicit bias
• Hawthorne effect
• Anchoring bias
• Explicit bias

A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question .

It is often written as part of a thesis, dissertation , or research paper , in order to situate your work in relation to existing knowledge.

There are several reasons to conduct a literature review at the beginning of a research project:

• To familiarize yourself with the current state of knowledge on your topic
• To ensure that you’re not just repeating what others have already done
• To identify gaps in knowledge and unresolved problems that your research can address
• To develop your theoretical framework and methodology
• To provide an overview of the key findings and debates on the topic

Writing the literature review shows your reader how your work relates to existing research and what new insights it will contribute.

The literature review usually comes near the beginning of your thesis or dissertation . After the introduction , it grounds your research in a scholarly field and leads directly to your theoretical framework or methodology .

A literature review is a survey of credible sources on a topic, often used in dissertations , theses, and research papers . Literature reviews give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify relevant theories and methods, as well as gaps in existing research. Literature reviews are set up similarly to other  academic texts , with an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion .

An  annotated bibliography is a list of  source references that has a short description (called an annotation ) for each of the sources. It is often assigned as part of the research process for a  paper .  

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McCombes, S. (2023, September 11). How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved November 3, 2023, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/literature-review/

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