observation case study ppt

QuestionsAnswered.net

What's Your Question?

What Is a Case Study?

When you’re performing research as part of your job or for a school assignment, you’ll probably come across case studies that help you to learn more about the topic at hand. But what is a case study and why are they helpful? Read on to learn all about case studies.

Deep Dive into a Topic

At face value, a case study is a deep dive into a topic. Case studies can be found in many fields, particularly across the social sciences and medicine. When you conduct a case study, you create a body of research based on an inquiry and related data from analysis of a group, individual or controlled research environment.

As a researcher, you can benefit from the analysis of case studies similar to inquiries you’re currently studying. Researchers often rely on case studies to answer questions that basic information and standard diagnostics cannot address.

Study a Pattern

One of the main objectives of a case study is to find a pattern that answers whatever the initial inquiry seeks to find. This might be a question about why college students are prone to certain eating habits or what mental health problems afflict house fire survivors. The researcher then collects data, either through observation or data research, and starts connecting the dots to find underlying behaviors or impacts of the sample group’s behavior.

Gather Evidence

During the study period, the researcher gathers evidence to back the observed patterns and future claims that’ll be derived from the data. Since case studies are usually presented in the professional environment, it’s not enough to simply have a theory and observational notes to back up a claim. Instead, the researcher must provide evidence to support the body of study and the resulting conclusions.

Present Findings

As the study progresses, the researcher develops a solid case to present to peers or a governing body. Case study presentation is important because it legitimizes the body of research and opens the findings to a broader analysis that may end up drawing a conclusion that’s more true to the data than what one or two researchers might establish. The presentation might be formal or casual, depending on the case study itself.

Draw Conclusions

Once the body of research is established, it’s time to draw conclusions from the case study. As with all social sciences studies, conclusions from one researcher shouldn’t necessarily be taken as gospel, but they’re helpful for advancing the body of knowledge in a given field. For that purpose, they’re an invaluable way of gathering new material and presenting ideas that others in the field can learn from and expand upon.

MORE FROM QUESTIONSANSWERED.NET

• My presentations

Auth with social network:

Download presentation

We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Thank you!

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video

CHAPTER SEVEN PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION AND CASE STUDIES

Published by Imogen Goodwin Modified over 8 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "CHAPTER SEVEN PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION AND CASE STUDIES"— Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2: Nonexperimental Research Approaches This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited.

Qualitative and Observational Research

Case Studies and Observational Research Slides Prepared by Alison L. O’Malley Passer Chapter 6.

Laura Pejsa Goff Pejsa & Associates MESI 2014

Participant Observation. What is Participant Observation involves the researcher "getting to know" the people they're studying by entering their world.

AS Sociology Research methods Topic B. Getting you thinking.

Chapter Four. Writing the Proposal  What does the intended reader/audience need to understand better about the topic?  What does the audience know little.

Andy Newman, ITF, Brooklyn College

FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING RESEARCH Sixth Edition CHAPTER Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research,

CHAPTER 10, qualitative field research

What Do Sociologists Do? Chapter 2. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 2-2 What Is a Valid Sociological Topic? Any kind of human behaviour & social.

Chapter 12 Collecting Qualitative Data. NARRATIVE INTERVIEWING Establishing Data Collection Procedures for Narrative Interviewing Establishing Data Collection.

Chapter 13: Descriptive and Exploratory Research

Methodology A preview. What is Methodology  Choosing a method of data collection  Structure of the research  Builds on and draws from problem statement.

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Formulating the research design

Qualitative Research Methods

Study announcement if you are interested!. Questions  Is there one type of mixed design that is more common than the other types?  Even though there.

Qualitative Research.  The distinction between qualitative and quantitative research is not precise. Most qualitative work has some form of quantitative.

Chapter 14 Overview of Qualitative Research Gay, Mills, and Airasian

About project

© 2023 SlidePlayer.com Inc. All rights reserved.

Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.

To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to  upgrade your browser .

Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.

• We're Hiring!
• Help Center

Qualitative case study research (CC-BY, 2020)

CC BY is the correct license for this work. Ignore the ones in the slides: use this materials as you like, with attribution. (KW, 02-2020)

Related Papers

New Directions in Music Education

Kristen Pellegrino

The term, " case study " is often used but less often cited and carefully described in music education research. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the use of the term " case study " in relation to music education research published in American journals. Following the model set forth by Lane (2011), we examined all case studies published in the Journal of Research in Music Education (JRME) and the Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education (CRME) in the time period 2007 – 2011, which included nine articles that state case study as the design. Our analysis considered the following aspects of case study research as derived from the case study literature: (a) appropriateness of design choice, (b) clarity of case study definition, (c) unit of analysis, (d) theoretical framework, (e) discussion of sampling, (f) depth of data sets, (g) description of analysis, and (h) trustworthiness or validity. Conclusions suggest that researchers who are conducting qualitative case studies (a) clarify what kind of case study design they are employing and include citations and/or quotes to make this clear; (b) identify and define the single unit of analysis for their study, or, in the case of single-case (embedded) (Yin, 2009), the units of analysis; (c) consider including a theoretical framework in addition to the related literature section; (d) provide a discussion of purposeful sampling procedures used to choose/identify possible participant; (e) collect multiple forms of data, such as interviews, observations, background surveys, documents/artifacts, journals, audiovisual material, etc., (f) describe the analysis process and include discussion about within-case analysis, cross-case analysis, and/or assertions; and (g) describe multiple techniques used to contribute to trustworthiness or credibility (i.e. data triangulation, analyst triangulation, reflexive triangulation, member checks, adequate engagement in data collection, researcher's position or reflexivity, peer review/examination, audit trail, rich, thick descriptions, and/or internal validity).

Right Magejo

Sarah Baloyi

All research is based on some underlying philosophical assumptions about what constitutes 'valid' research and which research method(s) is/are appropriate for the development of knowledge in a given study. In order to conduct and evaluate any research, it is therefore important to know what these assumptions are. This chapter discusses the philosophical assumptions and also the design strategies underpinning this research study. Common philosophical assumptions were reviewed and presented; the interpretive paradigm was identified for the framework of the study. In addition, the chapter discusses the research methodologies, and design used in the study including strategies, instruments, and data collection and analysis methods, while explaining the stages and processes involved in the study. The research design for this study is a descriptive and interpretive case study that is analysed through qualitative methods. Questionnaires were used to evaluate participants' WebCT skills (before the course starts) and to determine their levels of satisfaction in the course (at the end of the case study). A descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the student satisfaction survey. Participant observation, face-to-face interviews, focus-group interviews, questionnaires, and member checking were used as data collection methods. Furthermore, the justification for each of the data collection methods used in the study was discussed. Finally, in order to ensure trustworthiness of the research, appropriate criteria for qualitative research were discussed, and several methods that include member checks, peer reviews, crystallisation and triangulation were suggested and later employed. The chapter closed with a diagrammatic representation of the major facets of the envisaged framework for the research design and development of the study, and a discussion on the project management approach envisaged for this study.

saeed ahmed

The research design for this study is a descriptive and interpretive case study that is analysed through qualitative methods. Questionnaires were used to evaluate participants' WebCT skills (before the course starts) and to determine their levels of satisfaction in the course (at the end of the case study). A descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the student satisfaction survey. Participant observation, face-to-face interviews, focus-group interviews, questionnaires, and member checking were used as data collection methods. Furthermore, the justification for each of the data collection methods used in the study was discussed. Finally, in order to ensure trustworthiness of the research, appropriate criteria for qualitative research were discussed, and several methods that include member checks, peer reviews, crystallisation and triangulation were suggested and later employed. The chapter closed with a diagrammatic representation of the major facets of the envisaged framework for the research design and development of the study, and a discussion on the project management approach envisaged for this study.

Mahesh Hemachandra

Marius Gavrila, Ph. D.

Accountability for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its societal challenges is undetermined, and it is unclear whether business or society should carry these responsibilities. Despite severe criticism from some, many organizations continue to invest in and promote CSR. The purpose of this multiple-case study was to increase the understanding of the phenomenon from the perspective of a purposeful sample of participants who contribute to CSR execution and who were representatives of the 10 organizations identified as active promoters. The participant corporations (case studies), in Europe and North America, were mainly in the telecommunications industry. Study data came from 11 face-to-face, semistructured interviews with chief executive officers (CEOs) and other CSR key participants, a review of corporate archival records, and a review of other sources regarding the effective implementation of CSR in these organizations. The conceptual framework consisted of Carroll’s constructs of CSR based on economic, legal, social, and discretionary elements. The constant comparative method was used to analyze the interview data and identify factors leading corporations to continue to engage in CSR. These factors were economic, social impact, legal compliance, or good reputation, sponsored by transformational or adaptive leaderships and endorsed by visionary CEOs. The findings may enlighten and motivate other organizations to engage in CSR programs and connect stakeholders’ contribution to a broadened positive social change.

This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Radu-Marius Gavrila has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made.

International Leadership Journal

Michael Neubert

Extension of theory using a multiple-case study design can contribute value to a particular theoretical perspective and further define the boundaries of the original theory. Most organizations today operate in volatile economic and social environments. Qualitative research plays an essential role in the investigation of leadership and management problems, given that they remain complex social enigmas. The multiple-case study design is a valuable qualitative research tool in studying the links between the personal, social, behavioral, psychological, organizational, cultural, and environmental factors that guide managerial and leadership development. Multiple-case studies can be used by both novice and experienced qualitative researchers to contribute original qualitative data to extant theory. Multiple-case study research is particularly suitable for responding to questions of how and why and what Eisenhardt (1989, 2020) terms "big picture" research questions that remain unanswered in the extant leadership and management literature.

Simon-Davies Nutakor

Employee Perceptions of Fairness in Performance Appraisals and Job Satisfaction by Simon-Davies Amenyenu Nutakor MPhil, Walden University, 2019 MPS, Cornell University, 2004 MPA, University of Ghana, 1999 BA (Hons.), KNUST, 1993 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Management

Journal of Geology & Geophysics

RELATED PAPERS

Cheryl Leandro

The Qualitative Report

Safary Wa-Mbaleka

Journal of Culture Society and Development

cosmas cobbold

Tony L Talbert

Vicki Ross-Norris

Cosmas Cobbold

University Of Oregon

Gregory Gondwe

bernard chidziva

Alpesh Nakrani

Journal of Agricultural Education

DigitalUNE (DUNE)

Dr. Lori Sussman

Vasudev Das

abderrazak dammak

Veritas: The Academic Journal of St Clements Education Group

Mohamed A Eno , abderrazak dammak

Annette Willgens

Mark Carbajal, Ph.D

Carolyn Cormier

Lisa O'Neill

Sherylyn Watson

Patrick Mphaka

Anang Mardani

Prema Gaikwad

Dr. Lawrence Ness

Seidu Ibrahim

Colleen Fritze

Christa Philander

New Directions for Institutional Research

George Mwangi

Nikki Payne

osman kabba

Dina Castillo

Joshua Pate

Bedrettin Yazan

Albert Mills

Jessica McCann

Bridget Kriner

Katherine Young

RELATED TOPICS

•   We're Hiring!
•   Help Center
• Find new research papers in:
• Health Sciences
• Earth Sciences
• Cognitive Science
• Mathematics
• Computer Science
• Academia ©2023

• Preferences

Case Studies and Observational Research - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Case Studies and Observational Research

Observational research passer chapter 6 slides prepared by alison l. o malley case studies in-depth analysis of an individual, social unit, or event remember ... – powerpoint ppt presentation.

• Passer Chapter 6
• Slides Prepared by Alison L. OMalley
• In-depth analysis of an individual, social unit, or event
• Remember Phineas Gage?
• How do psychological scientists conducting case studies acquire their data?
• Difficulty drawing causal conclusions
• Generalizability of findings
• Potential for observer bias
• How can these concerns be overcome?
• Umbrella term for various types of nonexperimental research designs wherein trained observers record ongoing behavior
• Qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods approaches
• As opposed to case studies, involve multiple participants
• Researcher(s) strive for little to no interaction with participants
• Disguised participants are not aware theyre being observed
• Undisguised participants know theyre being observed
• Behavior examined in ecologically valid (i.e., real life) conditions
• But research design lacks control and some data may be overlooked
• Reactivity occurs when behavior is altered through the process of being observed
• Must remain mindful of APA Ethics Code
• When are researchers permitted to forego informed consent?
• Researchers embed themselves in the phenomena of interest
• Disguised vs. undisguised distinction still applies participants may not know researchers are among them
• Ethnographic approaches are qualitative and incorporate interviews to develop a narrative of the research topic
• Critical Questions
• Is participant observation more or less subject to reactivity than naturalistic observation?
• Is disguised participant observation ethical?
• Researchers tweak the research setting, influencing what happens when
• Sometimes called analogue behavioral observation in keeping with goal of creating analogues of naturally occurring situations
• Affords more efficiency and control compared to other forms of observational research, but greater potential for reactivity
• Narrative records extensive description of behavior as it unfolds
• Field notes less comprehensive records of behavior
• Behavioral coding systems categorize behaviors into mutually exclusive categories
• Discuss whether each approach is more qualitative or quantitative.
• Develop a coding scheme for handshakes. Make sure that each category is accompanied by a clear operational definition.
• Supplements to ongoing behavioral observations
• Rating and ranking scales observers evaluate participants standing on various dimensions
• Diaries participants observe and record their own behaviors
• Obtaining representative data without recording everything and everyone!
• Focal sampling Focus on one participant at a time
• Scan sampling Observe everyone for a short period of time at predetermined intervals
• Situation sampling Observe behavior across multiple settings
• Time sampling Conduct observations over representative set of time periods
• Questions of external validity pervade observational research. Which sampling strategy may be regarded as the most externally valid?
• Time sampling
• Scan sampling
• Focal sampling
• Situation sampling
• Well-developed coding system
• Observer training
• Blind observation
• Verify reliability of observer practices
• Disguised observation (an extreme form of unobtrusive measurement)
• Habituation
• Physical trace measures
• Archival records
• How can observational research, correlational research, and experimental research work in concert to help satisfy the goals of science?
• Description
• Explanation

PowerShow.com is a leading presentation sharing website. It has millions of presentations already uploaded and available with 1,000s more being uploaded by its users every day. Whatever your area of interest, here you’ll be able to find and view presentations you’ll love and possibly download. And, best of all, it is completely free and easy to use.

You might even have a presentation you’d like to share with others. If so, just upload it to PowerShow.com. We’ll convert it to an HTML5 slideshow that includes all the media types you’ve already added: audio, video, music, pictures, animations and transition effects. Then you can share it with your target audience as well as PowerShow.com’s millions of monthly visitors. And, again, it’s all free.

About the Developers

PowerShow.com is brought to you by  CrystalGraphics , the award-winning developer and market-leading publisher of rich-media enhancement products for presentations. Our product offerings include millions of PowerPoint templates, diagrams, animated 3D characters and more.