/seawolfby00londrich.pdf.
If you’re attempting to reference an e-book from an e-reader, such as a Nook or Kindle, use the EasyBib MLA citation generator. We’ll help you structure your e-book references in no time!
| Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Web Page.” , Website publisher (if different from website name), date published, URL.
| |
| Sabat, Yaika. “Puerto Rican Writers, Poets, and Essayists.” , Riot New Media Group, 22 Nov. 2017, bookriot.com/puerto-rican-writers/.
| |
| Web Page Author’s Last Name…
| (Web Page Author’s Last Name)
|
| Sabat…
| (Sabat)
|
If you need more information on how to cite websites in MLA , check out the full-length EasyBib guide! Or, take the guesswork out of forming your references and try the EasyBib automatic MLA citation machine!
Need an APA citation website or help with another popular referencing style? EasyBib Plus may be exactly what you need.
| Article Author’s Last Name, First name. “Title of Article.” , vol. number, issue no., date published, page range. , DOI or URL.
| |
| Ioannidou, Elena. “Greek in Enclave Communities: Language Maintenance of the Varieties of Cypriot Romeika in Cyprus and Cretan Greek in Cunda, Turkey.” , vol. 26, 2019, pp. 157-186. , www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/medilangrevi.26.2019.0157.
| |
| Online Journal Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Online Journal Article’s Last Name page number)
|
| Ioannidou…(164).
| (Ioannidou 164)
|
To see an online journal example in action, check out the EasyBib MLA sample paper, which is discussed at the bottom of this guide. Also, don’t forget about the easy-to-use, EasyBib automatic generator. Stop typing into Google “citation maker MLA” and go to EasyBib.com instead!
| Article Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” , vol. number, issue no., date published, page range.
| |
| Brundan, Katy. “What We Can Learn From the Philologist in Fiction.” , vol. 61, no. 3, summer 2019, pp. 285-310.
| |
| Print Journal Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Print Journal Article Author’s Last Name page number)
|
| Brundan…(303)
| (Brundan 303)
|
If it’s referencing an APA journal you’re after, click on the link for the informative EasyBib guide on the topic.
If you’re looking for an MLA citation maker to help you build your bibliography, try out the EasyBib MLA generator. Type in a few key pieces of information about your source and watch the magic happen!
| Article Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Magazine Article.” , vol. number, issue no., date published, page range. , website address.
| |
| Natarajan, Regan. “Preparing for Education 4.0.” , vol. 21, no. 1, Jan. 2020, p. 40. , www.ezinemart.com/educationworld/index.php?pagedate=01012020#.
| |
| Online Magazine Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Online Magazine Article Author’s Last Name page number)
|
| Natarajan…
| (Natarajan)*
|
*In the above example, Natarajan’s article only sits on one page, so it’s unnecessary to include the page number in the reference in the text.
| Article Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Print Magazine Article.” , vol. number, issue no., date published, page range.
| |
| Seymour, Gene. “Henry James and Pigs’ Feet: Ralph Ellison’s Letters Fulfill His Great First Novel’s Promise.” , vol. 26, no. 5, Feb/Mar. 2020, pp. 14-15.
| |
| Print Magazine Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Print Magazine Article’s Last Name page number)
|
| Seymour…(14)
| (Seymour 14)
|
Print magazines are always fun to read, but know what else is a party? Brushing up on your grammar skills! Check out the thorough EasyBib grammar guides on adverb , determiner , and preposition pages!
| Article Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Online Newspaper Article.” [City]*, date published, section name (if applicable), page range. , URL.
| |
| Berthiaume, Lee. “Backlog of Applications for Vets’ Benefits Grows By The Thousands.” , 11 Feb. 2020, A9. , www-pressreader-com.i.ezproxy.nypl.org/canada/toronto-star/20200211.
| |
| Online Newspaper Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Online Newspaper Article Author’s Last Name page number)
|
| Berthiaume…
| (Berthiaume)**
|
*You do not need to include the city name in your citation if the city name is in the name of the newspaper or if it is a national or international newspaper.
**Since the above article is only on one page, it’s not necessary to include the page number in the text reference of your MLA style citation.
Need help? Use the EasyBib MLA citation machine, which guides you through the process of making newspaper references! Quit searching on Google for “how to MLA citation” and visit EasyBib.com today!
| Article Author’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Print Newspaper Article.” [City],* date published, section name (if applicable), page range.
| |
| Larry, Gordon. “Sending Mom and Dad Off to College for the Day.” , 11 Feb. 2020, pp. B1-B2.
| |
| Print Newspaper Article Author’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Print Newspaper Article Author’s Last Name page number)
|
| Gordon…(B1)
| (Gordon B1)
|
If your periodical article falls on nonconsecutive page numbers, add a plus sign after the first page number and omit the additional pages from any full references. Example: pp. B1+ (This information is located on page 193 in the official Handbook ). Don’t forget, the EasyBib citation machine MLA creator can help you structure all your citation information!
| Artist’s Last Name, First Name. “Title of Artwork or Image.” , date published (if available), URL.
| |
| Chapman, Cyrus Tucker. “Miss Jeannette Rankin, of Montana, Speaking from the Balcony of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, Monday, April 2, 1917.” , www.loc.gov/item/mnwp000156/.
| |
| Online Image Artist’s Last Name
| (Online Image Artist’s Last Name)
|
| Chapman…
| (Chapman)
|
If you’re still confused about referencing online images, give the EasyBib MLA format generator a whirl. In just a few clicks, you’ll have well-structured MLA citations!
If you’re looking to reference an image seen in a print book, use the structure below. Or, use the “Cartoon,” “Photo,” “Painting,” or “Map” forms found on the EasyBib MLA generator for citations.
| Artist’s Last Name, First Name. Year created. , additional contributors (if applicable), Publisher, date published, page(s).
| |
| Bentley, William Allen. . 1922. Courier Corporation, 2012, pp. 1-67.
| |
| Artist’s Last Name…(page number)
| (Artist’s Last Name page number)
|
| Bentley…(13)
| (Bentley 13)
|
In need of a citation machine MLA maker to help save some of your precious time? Try EasyBib’s generator. Head to the EasyBib homepage and start developing your references today!
If you viewed an image in real life, whether at a museum, on display in a building, or even on a billboard, this EasyBib MLA citation guide example includes the most common way to reference it.
| Artist’s Last Name, First Name. . Date created, Museum or Building, Location.
| |
| Turner, Joseph Mallord William. . 1833, The Frick Collection, New York.
| |
| Artist’s Last Name….
| (Artist’s Last Name)
|
| Turner….
| (Turner)
|
For the majority of online video references, the reference should start with the title of the video. The information about the account that uploaded the video should be included in the “Other Contributors” space.
| “Title of the Online Video.” , uploaded by Username, date uploaded, URL.
| |
| “Jimmy and Kevin Hart Ride a Roller Coaster.” , uploaded by The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, 18 June 2014, www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPdbdjctx2I.
| |
| “Title of Online Video”…(time stamp)
| (“Abbreviated Title of Online Video” time stamp)
|
| “Jimmy and Kevin Hart Ride a Roller Coaster”…(00.02.17)
After the first in-text reference, it’s acceptable to shorten the title when referencing again “Jimmy and Kevin Hart”…(00.03.11)
| (“Jimmy and Kevin Hart” 00.02.17)
The title should always be shortened to the first noun phrase in parenthetical citations when possible.
|
For more on learning how to cite MLA timestamps, turn to page 250 in the official Handbook .
It’s common to see online videos featured in an annotated bibliography . Have a look at the useful guide to learn how to create one from scratch!
Streamed shows (sometimes called online or streamed “television shows”) are watched using a service such as Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, or another subscription streaming site.
| “Title of Episode.” , contributor names (if applicable), season number, episode number, Publisher/Network name, date aired or published. , URL.
| |
| “Chapter 2: The Child.” , season 1, episode 2, Disney Media Distribution, 15 Nov. 2019. , www.disneyplus.com/mandalorian/thechild.
| |
| “Title of Episode”…
| (“Shortened Title of Episode”)
|
| “Chapter 2: The Child”…(00.23.13)
| (“Chapter 2” 00.23.13)
|
If you accessed a streamed show through an app, the name of the app can be displayed at the end of the citation as “[ Name of Service ] app” instead of including the URL.
| “Title of Episode.” , contributor names (if applicable), season number, episode number, Publisher/Network name, date aired or published. app.
|
| “Chapter 2: The Child.” season 1, episode 2, Disney Media Distribution, 15 Nov. 2019. app.
|
After you’re through binging on your favorite shows, give yourself some brain fuel by taking a glance at the EasyBib grammar guides. Take your writing up a notch with the guides on interjection , conjunction , and verb pages!
| Singer’s Last Name, First Name OR Stage Name/Name of Musical Group. “Title of Song.” , edition if applicable, Publisher, year of publication. , web address.*
| |
| Post Malone. “Better Now.” , Republic Records, 2018. , open.spotify.com/track/7dt6x5M1jzdTEt8oCbisTK.
| |
| Singer’s Last Name or Group Name
| (Singer’s Last Name or Group)
|
| Post Malone….
| (Post Malone)
|
*If you accessed a streamed song through an app, the name of the app can be displayed at the end of the citation as “[ Name of Service ] app” instead of including the URL.
Streamed music can be tricky to reference, especially with the wide variety of streaming services available on the web and through apps. Don’t worry, the EasyBib MLA citation maker can come in and save the day for you. Try it out now! To make it even easier, bookmark the EasyBib citation machine MLA maker for quick access!
| Composer’s Last Name, First Name. . Date of original composition.* Publisher, date published. , web address.
| |
| Gershwin, George. . 1924. The Library at www.piano.ru. , musopen.org/music/11222-rhapsody-in-blue/.
| |
| Composer’s Last Name…(measures x-x)
| (Composer’s Last Name measures x-x)
|
| Gershwin…(measures 3-4)
| (Gershwin measures 3-4)
|
*You can include the original composition date as supplemental information between the title and publisher. It may be helpful to include this information if the piece was composed much earlier than the sheet music you are citing or if the arrangement has significantly changed from the original.
Notable individuals consistently share pictures, videos, and ideas on social media, which is why social media is often referenced in today’s research papers . If you’re looking to add a reference for Twitter, Facebook, Reddit, or Instagram in your MLA paper, check out the structures and examples below.
| Last Name, First Name [Username]*. “Full text of tweet.” (If it’s longer than 140 characters, it’s acceptable to only include the first part with three ellipses at the end.) , date posted, URL.
| |
| Eilish, Billie. “Billie’s premiere performance of ‘No Time To Die’ will be at the 2020 #BRITS on 2/18. Billie will be accompanied by @FINNEAS, @HansZimmer, and @Johnny_Marr.” , 13 Feb. 2020, twitter.com/billieeilish/status/1228109605189742592.
| |
| Author Last Name….
| (Author Last Name)
|
| Eilish…
| (Eilish)
|
*When the account name and username are similar, the username can be excluded from the citation. For example, if the account’s username was @FirstNameLastName or @OrganizationName.
If the tweet is composed of just an image or video, create a description for it and do not place it in quotation marks. For example:
DJ Snake. Video of studio controls with music playing. Twitter , 11 Feb. 2020, twitter.com/djsnake/status/1227267455095123968.
Odds are, you could spend hours scrolling through Twitter to catch up on the latest news and gossip. Why not spend some time scrolling through the EasyBib grammar guides instead? Check out these informative noun and adjective guides to help keep your writing in check!
| First Name Last Name or Page Name. “Title of Facebook post” or Description of Facebook post if it lacks text or a title or consists entirely of a photo or video. , date posted, URL.
| |
| Cabello, Camila. Update to fans after social media break. , 4 Feb. 2020, www.facebook.com/camilacabello/posts/2939765322713592.
| |
| Facebook Poster’s Last Name…
| (Facebook Poster’s Last Name)
|
| Cabello…
| (Cabello)
|
Author’s Last Name, First Name [Reddit username if different than their name]. “Text of Reddit headline.” , date posted, URL. | ||
| [u/maupalo]. “How do you feel about professors taking attendance?” , 21 Feb. 2020, www.reddit.com/r/college/comments/f7ay40/ how_do_you_feel_about_professors_taking_attendance/.
| |
| Reddit Poster’s Last Name or Username
| (Reddit Poster’s Last Name or Username)
|
| Reddit user u/maupalo…
| (u/maupalo)
|
| Last Name, First Name [Username if different]. “Text of Instagram caption” or Description if it lacks text and consists of a photo or video without a caption. , other contributors (if applicable), date posted, URL.
| |
| Eilish, Billie. Profile photograph of Billie holding a white microphone with a black background. , 28 Jan. 2020, www.instagram.com/p/B72dN1gFe7k/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link.
| |
| Last name…
| (Last Name)
|
| Eilish…
| (Eilish)
|
Looking for other types of sources, such as government and archival documents? Here’s more info .
Now that you’ve figured out how to style your references, the next step is structuring your written work according to this style’s guidelines. The thorough EasyBib MLA format guide provides you with the information you need to structure the font, MLA title page (or MLA cover page), paper margins, spacing, plus more! There’s even a sample MLA paper, too!
MLA Handbook . 9th ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2021.
Published April 9, 2020. Updated July 25, 2021.
Written by Michele Kirschenbaum. Michele Kirschenbaum is a school library media specialist and is the in-house librarian at EasyBib.com.
MLA Formatting
How useful was this post?
Click on a star to rate it!
We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!
Let us improve this post!
Tell us how we can improve this post?
It’s 100% free to create MLA citations. The EasyBib Citation Generator also supports 7,000+ other citation styles. These other styles—including APA, Chicago, and Harvard—are accessible for anyone with an EasyBib Plus subscription.
No matter what citation style you’re using (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.) the EasyBib Citation Generator can help you create the right bibliography quickly.
Yes, there’s an option to download source citations as a Word Doc or a Google Doc. You may also copy citations from the EasyBib Citation Generator and paste them into your paper.
Creating an account is not a requirement for generating MLA citations. However, registering for an EasyBib account is free and an account is how you can save all the citation you create. This can help make it easier to manage your citations and bibliographies.
Yes! Whether you’d like to learn how to construct citations on your own, our Autocite tool isn’t able to gather the metadata you need, or anything in between, manual citations are always an option. Click here for directions on using creating manual citations.
If any important information is missing (e.g., author’s name, title, publishing date, URL, etc.), first see if you can find it in the source yourself. If you cannot, leave the information blank and continue creating your citation.
It supports MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, and over 7,000 total citation styles.
An in-text citation is a short citation that is placed next to the text being cited. The basic element needed for an in-text citation is the author’s name . The publication year is not required in in-text citations. Sometimes, page numbers or line numbers are also included, especially when text is quoted from the source being cited. In-text citations are mentioned in the text in two ways: as a citation in prose or a parenthetical citation.
Citations in prose are incorporated into the text and act as a part of the sentence. Usually, citations in prose use the author’s full name when cited the first time in the text. Thereafter, only the surname is used. Avoid including the middle initial even if it is present in the works-cited-list entry. An example of the first citation in prose for one author is given below:
Carol Fitzerald explains the picture of the area.
Parenthetical citations add only the author’s surname at the end of the sentence in parentheses. An example of a parenthetical citation is given below:
The picture of the area is explained (Fitzgerald).
When you quote a specific line from the source, you can include a page number or a line number in in-text citations. Examples of both a citation in prose and a parenthetical citation are given below. Do not add “p.” or “pp.” before the page number(s).
Swan says, “Postglacial viability and colonization in North America is to be studied” (47).
Though some researchers claim that “Postglacial viability and colonization in North America is to be studied” (Swan 47).
In-text citations should be concise. Do not repeat author names in parentheses if the name is mentioned in the text (the citation in prose).
To cite a periodical such as a journal, magazine, or newspaper, in the text, the basic element needed is the author’s name . The publication year is not required for in-text citations. Sometimes, page numbers or line numbers are also included, especially when text is quoted from the source being cited. In-text citations are mentioned in the text in two ways: as a citation in prose or a parenthetical citation. The example below shows how to cite a periodical in the text.
Citations in prose use the author’s full name when citing for the first time. Thereafter, only use the surname. Avoid including the middle initial even if it is present in the works-cited-list entry. An example of a citation in prose for a periodical with one author is below:
First time: Kathy Goldstein explains the picture of the area.
Subsequent occurrences: Goldstein explains the picture of the area.
Parenthetical citations add only the author’s surname at the end of the sentence in parentheses. An example of a parenthetical citation is below:
The picture of the area is explained (Goldstein).
An MLA citation generator is a tool that can help you easily create MLA formatted citations and works cited entries. You can try the EasyBib MLA citation generator at https://www.easybib.com/mla/source .
For some source types, only a single piece of information is needed in order to generate a citation. For example, the ISBN of a book, the DOI of a journal article, or the URL of a website. For other source types, a form will indicate what information is needed for the citation, and then automatically formats the citation.
Writing Tools
Citation Generators
Other Citation Styles
Upload a paper to check for plagiarism against billions of sources and get advanced writing suggestions for clarity and style.
Get Started
The Plagiarism Checker Online For Your Academic Work
Start Plagiarism Check
Editing & Proofreading for Your Research Paper
Get it proofread now
Online Printing & Binding with Free Express Delivery
Configure binding now
Plagiarism Check within 10min
Printing & Binding with 3D Live Preview
How do you like this article cancel reply.
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
In academic writing, citing a lecture or a speech properly is as vital as citing a book or a journal article. The MLA citation style provides specified rules to adhere to when citing sources, considering components such as the speaker’s name, lecture title, date, and venue. This guide is equipped to help you navigate the process of how to cite a lecture in MLA. With clear instructions, this article focuses on the various elements that compose the MLA lecture citations.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Understanding how to cite a lecture in MLA is essential for academic success. Use the following list to remind yourself of the correct order:
General rules to cite a lecture in a bibliography, it is necessary to indicate
The name of the conference can contain information about its date and place. If a source is consulted online, you should also add the link to the website (URL) and the consultation date.
Write the speaker’s last name, followed by their first name and a period. You treat the lecture as you would any source and start with the author.
Franklin, Joby.
Franklin, Joby. “Evangelical Mysteries of the Twentieth Century.”
Franklin, Joby. “Evangelical Mysteries of the Twentieth Century.” Religious Studies 101: Looking Forward.
Franklin, Joby. “Evangelical Mysteries of the Twentieth Century.” Religious Studies 101: Looking Forward. 24 Aug. 2017,
Lectures are usually held in a university but may occasionally be held in other large venues, such as a conference center. The location is the last element of MLA lecture citation – give the name of the venue and the city or town in which it is located, followed by a period.
End the entry with a descriptor to indicate the course type. You can use any descriptor you like, but keep it short and to the point.
If the source is an unexpected type of work, you may provide a descriptive label.
You cite the lecture as personal communication in parentheses in the text. State the lecturer’s name (initials and last name), the words “personal communication,” and the lecture date.
Using the MLA format makes it easier for readers to navigate and comprehend a text via familiar cues that refer to sources and borrowed information.
Yes, you can use MLA lecture citation within the text of your assignment. Place a parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence with the instructor’s name who gave the talk. If the document includes slide numbers or page numbers, include them. Otherwise, simply use the instructor’s name.
I’m so happy with how my dissertation turned out! The order process was very...
We use cookies on our website. Some of them are essential, while others help us to improve this website and your experience.
Individual Privacy Preferences
Cookie Details Privacy Policy Imprint
Here you will find an overview of all cookies used. You can give your consent to whole categories or display further information and select certain cookies.
Accept all Save
Essential cookies enable basic functions and are necessary for the proper function of the website.
Show Cookie Information Hide Cookie Information
Name | |
---|---|
Anbieter | Eigentümer dieser Website, |
Zweck | Speichert die Einstellungen der Besucher, die in der Cookie Box von Borlabs Cookie ausgewählt wurden. |
Cookie Name | borlabs-cookie |
Cookie Laufzeit | 1 Jahr |
Name | |
---|---|
Anbieter | Bachelorprint |
Zweck | Erkennt das Herkunftsland und leitet zur entsprechenden Sprachversion um. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | ip-api.com |
Cookie Name | georedirect |
Cookie Laufzeit | 1 Jahr |
Name | |
---|---|
Anbieter | Playcanvas |
Zweck | Display our 3D product animations |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | playcanv.as, playcanvas.as, playcanvas.com |
Cookie Laufzeit | 1 Jahr |
Statistics cookies collect information anonymously. This information helps us to understand how our visitors use our website.
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland |
Zweck | Cookie von Google zur Steuerung der erweiterten Script- und Ereignisbehandlung. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Cookie Name | _ga,_gat,_gid |
Cookie Laufzeit | 2 Jahre |
Content from video platforms and social media platforms is blocked by default. If External Media cookies are accepted, access to those contents no longer requires manual consent.
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Meta Platforms Ireland Limited, 4 Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2, Ireland |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um Facebook-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | .facebook.com |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland |
Zweck | Wird zum Entsperren von Google Maps-Inhalten verwendet. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | .google.com |
Cookie Name | NID |
Cookie Laufzeit | 6 Monate |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Meta Platforms Ireland Limited, 4 Grand Canal Square, Dublin 2, Ireland |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um Instagram-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | .instagram.com |
Cookie Name | pigeon_state |
Cookie Laufzeit | Sitzung |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Openstreetmap Foundation, St John’s Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, United Kingdom |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um OpenStreetMap-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | .openstreetmap.org |
Cookie Name | _osm_location, _osm_session, _osm_totp_token, _osm_welcome, _pk_id., _pk_ref., _pk_ses., qos_token |
Cookie Laufzeit | 1-10 Jahre |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Twitter International Company, One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street, Dublin 2, D02 AX07, Ireland |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um Twitter-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | .twimg.com, .twitter.com |
Cookie Name | __widgetsettings, local_storage_support_test |
Cookie Laufzeit | Unbegrenzt |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Vimeo Inc., 555 West 18th Street, New York, New York 10011, USA |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um Vimeo-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | player.vimeo.com |
Cookie Name | vuid |
Cookie Laufzeit | 2 Jahre |
Akzeptieren | |
---|---|
Name | |
Anbieter | Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland |
Zweck | Wird verwendet, um YouTube-Inhalte zu entsperren. |
Datenschutzerklärung | |
Host(s) | google.com |
Cookie Name | NID |
Cookie Laufzeit | 6 Monate |
Privacy Policy Imprint
Citations by format.
Entries in the works-cited list are created using the MLA template of core elements —facts common to most sources, like author, title, and publication date. To use the template, evaluate the work you’re citing to see which elements apply to the source. Then, list each element relevant to your source in the order given on the template.
The examples below show you how to cite five basic source types. Click on an entry to get more information, as well as links to posts with more examples. For hundreds of sample entries by format, check out the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook .
Mantel, Hilary. Wolf Hall . Picador, 2010.
Beowulf . Translated by Alan Sullivan and Timothy Murphy, edited by Sarah Anderson, Pearson, 2004.
Sánchez Prado, Ignacio M., editor. Mexican Literature in Theory . Bloomsbury, 2018.
Article on a website.
Deresiewicz, William. “The Death of the Artist—and the Birth of the Creative Entrepreneur.” The Atlantic , 28 Dec. 2014, theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/01/ the-death-of-the-artist-and-the-birth-of-thecreative-entrepreneur/383497/.
Poe, Edgar Allan. “The Masque of the Red Death.” The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe , edited by James A. Harrison, vol. 4, Thomas Y. Crowell, 1902, pp. 250-58. HathiTrust Digital Library , hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924079574368.
Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review , vol. 64, no. 1, spring 2010, pp. 69-88. JSTOR , www.jstor.org/stable/41403188.
Song from an album.
Snail Mail. “Thinning.” Habit , Sister Polygon Records, 2016. Vinyl EP.
Snail Mail. “Thinning.” Bandcamp , snailmailbaltimore.bandcamp.com.
Beyoncé. The “Formation” World Tour. 14 May 2016, Rose Bowl, Los Angeles.
A movie viewed in person.
Opening Night. Directed by John Cassavetes, Faces Distribution, 1977.
Richardson, Tony, director. Sanctuary . Screenplay by James Poe, Twentieth Century Fox, 1961. YouTube , uploaded by LostCinemaChannel, 17 July 2014, www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMnzFM_Sq8s .
“Hush.” 1999. Buffy the Vampire Slayer: The Complete Fourth Seaso n, created by Joss Whedon, episode 10, Mutant Enemy / Twentieth Century Fox, 2003, disc 3. DVD.
Cameron, Julia Margaret. Alfred, Lord Tennyson . 1866, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
Bearden, Romare. The Train . 1975. MOMA , www.moma.org/collection/works/65232?locale=en.
Karasik, Paul. Cartoon. The New Yorker , 14 Apr. 2008, p. 49.
Don't let plagiarism errors spoil your paper, consider your source's credibility. ask these questions:, contributor/author.
Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts
This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.
Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
Several sources have multiple means for citation, especially those that appear in varied formats: films, DVDs, television shows, music, published and unpublished interviews, interviews over e-mail, published and unpublished conference proceedings. The following section discusses these sorts of citations as well as others not covered in the print, periodical, and electronic sources sections.
Use the following format for all sources:
Author. Title. Title of container (self contained if book), Other contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol. and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs URL or DOI). 2 nd container’s title, Other contributors, Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if applicable).
Interviews typically fall into two categories: print or broadcast published and unpublished (personal) interviews, although interviews may also appear in other, similar formats such as in e-mail format or as a Web document.
Personal Interviews
Personal interviews refer to those interviews that you conduct yourself. List the interview by the name of the interviewee. Include the descriptor Personal interview and the date of the interview.
Smith, Jane. Personal interview. 19 May 2014.
Published Interviews (Print or Broadcast)
List the interview by the full name of the interviewee. If the name of the interview is part of a larger work like a book, a television program, or a film series, place the title of the interview in quotation marks and place the title of the larger work in italics. If the interview appears as an independent title, italicize it. For books, include the author or editor name after the book title.
Note: If the interview from which you quote does not feature a title, add the descriptor, Interview by (unformatted) after the interviewee’s name and before the interviewer’s name.
Gaitskill, Mary. Interview with Charles Bock. Mississippi Review , vol. 27, no. 3, 1999, pp. 129-50.
Amis, Kingsley. “Mimic and Moralist.” Interviews with Britain’s Angry Young Men , By Dale Salwak, Borgo P, 1984.
Online-only Published Interviews
List the interview by the name of the interviewee. If the interview has a title, place it in quotation marks. Cite the remainder of the entry as you would other exclusive web content. Place the name of the website in italics, give the publisher name (or sponsor), the publication date, and the URL.
Note: If the interview from which you quote does not feature a title, add the descriptor Interview by (unformatted) after the interviewee’s name and before the interviewer’s name.
Zinkievich, Craig. Interview by Gareth Von Kallenbach. Skewed & Reviewed , 27 Apr. 2009, www.arcgames.com/en/games/star-trek-online/news/detail/1056940-skewed-%2526-reviewed-interviews-craig. Accessed 15 May 2009.
Start with speaker’s name. Then, give the title of the speech (if any) in quotation marks. Follow with the title of the particular conference or meeting and then the name of the organization. Name the venue and its city (if the name of the city is not listed in the venue’s name). Use the descriptor that appropriately expresses the type of presentation (e.g., Address, Lecture, Reading, Keynote Speech, Guest Lecture, Conference Presentation).
Stein, Bob. “Reading and Writing in the Digital Era.” Discovering Digital Dimensions, Computers and Writing Conference, 23 May 2003, Union Club Hotel, West Lafayette, IN. Keynote Address.
The MLA Handbook makes a distinction between the formal, rehearsed portion of a presentation and the informal discussion that often occurs after. To format an entry for a panel discussion or question-and-answer session, treat the panel members or speakers as authors by listing them first. If these people are formally listed as panelists, indicate this by following their names with a comma and the title "panelist(s)." Follow with the title of the discussion, or, if there is no title, a simple description. In the latter case, don't capitalize the description. Follow this with the title of the conference or event. End with the date and the location.
Bavis, Jim and Stein, Tammi, panelists. Panel discussion. Dawn or Doom Conference, 4 Nov. 2018, Stewart Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
Treat recorded discussions as instances of the appropriate medium (e.g., if you want to cite a recording of a panel discussion hosted on YouTube, cite it the same way you would cite an ordinary online video ).
Cite published conference proceedings like a book. If the date and location of the conference are not part of the published title, add this information after the published proceedings title.
Last Name, First Name, editor. Conference Title , Conference Date and Location, Publisher, Date of Publication.
To cite a presentation from published conference proceedings, begin with the presenter’s name. Place the name of the presentation in quotation marks. Follow with publication information for the conference proceedings.
Last Name, First Name. “Conference Paper Title.” Conference Title that Includes Conference Date and Location , edited by Conference Editor(s), Publisher, Date of Publication.
Provide the artist's name, the title of the artwork in italics, and the date of composition. Finally, provide the name of the institution that houses the artwork followed by the location of the institution (if the location is not listed in the name of the institution, e.g. The Art Institute of Chicago).
Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid.
If the medium and/or materials (e.g., oil on canvas) are important to the reference, you can include this information at the end of the entry. However, it is not required.
For photographic reproductions of artwork (e.g. images of artwork in a book), treat the book or website as a container. Remember that for a second container, the title is listed first, before the contributors. Cite the bibliographic information as above followed by the information for the source in which the photograph appears, including page or reference numbers (plate, figure, etc.).
Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800, Museo del Prado, Madrid. Gardener's Art Through the Ages , 10 th ed., by Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Harcourt Brace, p. 939.
If you viewed the artwork on the museum's website, treat the name of the website as the container and include the website's publisher and the URL at the end of the citation. Omit publisher information if it is the same as the name of the website. Note the period after the date below, rather than the comma: this is because the date refers to the painting's original creation, rather than to its publication on the website. Thus, MLA format considers it an "optional element."
Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV . 1800 . Museo del Prado, museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-family-of-carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-71759e417e74.
Music can be cited multiple ways. Mainly, this depends on the container that you accessed the music from. Generally, citations begin with the artist name. They might also be listed by composers or performers. Otherwise, list composer and performer information after the album title. Put individual song titles in quotation marks. Album names are italicized. Provide the name of the recording manufacturer followed by the publication date.
If information such as record label or name of album is unavailable from your source, do not list that information.
Morris, Rae. “Skin.” Cold, Atlantic Records, 2014. Spotify , open.spotify.com/track/0OPES3Tw5r86O6fudK8gxi.
Online Album
Beyoncé. “Pray You Catch Me.” Lemonade, Parkwood Entertainment, 2016, www.beyonce.com/album/lemonade-visual-album/.
Nirvana. "Smells Like Teen Spirit." Nevermind , Geffen, 1991.
List films by their title. Include the name of the director, the film studio or distributor, and the release year. If relevant, list performer names after the director's name.
Speed Racer . Directed by Lana Wachowski and Lilly Wachowski, performances by Emile Hirsch, Nicholas Elia, Susan Sarandon, Ariel Winter, and John Goodman, Warner Brothers, 2008.
To emphasize specific performers or directors, begin the citation with the name of the desired performer or director, followed by the appropriate title for that person.
Lucas, George, director. Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope . Twentieth Century Fox, 1977.
Recorded Television Episodes
Cite recorded television episodes like films (see above). Begin with the episode name in quotation marks. Follow with the series name in italics. When the title of the collection of recordings is different than the original series (e.g., the show Friends is in DVD release under the title Friends: The Complete Sixth Season), list the title that would help researchers to locate the recording. Give the distributor name followed by the date of distribution.
"The One Where Chandler Can't Cry." Friends: The Complete Sixth Season , written by Andrew Reich and Ted Cohen, directed by Kevin Bright, Warner Brothers, 2004.
Broadcast TV or Radio Program
Begin with the title of the episode in quotation marks. Provide the name of the series or program in italics. Also include the network name, call letters of the station followed by the date of broadcast and city.
"The Blessing Way." The X-Files . Fox, WXIA, Atlanta, 19 Jul. 1998.
Netflix, Hulu, Google Play
Generally, when citing a specific episode, follow the format below.
“94 Meetings.” Parks and Recreation, season 2, episode 21, NBC, 29 Apr. 2010. Netflix, www.netflix.com/watch/70152031.
An Entire TV Series
When citing the entire series of a TV show, use the following format.
Daniels, Greg and Michael Schur, creators. Parks and Recreation . Deedle-Dee Productions and Universal Media Studios, 2015.
A Specific Performance or Aspect of a TV Show
If you want to emphasize a particular aspect of the show, include that particular information. For instance, if you are writing about a specific character during a certain episode, include the performer’s name as well as the creator’s.
“94 Meetings.” Parks and Recreation, created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur, performance by Amy Poehler, season 2, episode 21, Deedle-Dee Productions and Universal Media Studios, 2010.
If you wish to emphasize a particular character throughout the show’s run time, follow this format.
Poehler, Amy, performer. Parks and Recreation. Deedle-Dee Productions and Universal Media Studios, 2009-2015.
Begin with the title of the episode in quotation marks. Provide the name of the series in italics. Then follow with MLA format per usual.
“Best of Not My Job Musicians.” Wait Wait…Don’t Tell Me! from NPR, 4 June 2016, www.npr.org/podcasts/344098539/wait-wait-don-t-tell-me.
Treat spoken-word albums the same as musical albums.
Hedberg, Mitch. Strategic Grill Locations . Comedy Central, 2003.
Determine the type of work to cite (e.g., article, image, sound recording) and cite appropriately. End the entry with the name of the digital format (e.g., PDF, JPEG file, Microsoft Word file, MP3). If the work does not follow traditional parameters for citation, give the author’s name, the name of the work, the date of creation, and the location.
Beethoven, Ludwig van. Moonlight Sonata . Crownstar, 2006.
Smith, George. “Pax Americana: Strife in a Time of Peace.” 2005. Microsoft Word file.
Council of Writing Program Administrators, National Council of Teachers of English, and National Writing Project. Framework for Success in Postsecondary Writing . CWPA, NCTE, and NWP, 2011, wpacouncil.org/files/framework-for-success-postsecondary-writing.pdf.
Bentley, Phyllis. “Yorkshire and the Novelist.” The Kenyon Review , vol. 30, no. 4, 1968, pp. 509-22. JSTOR , www.jstor.org.iii/stable/4334841.
Published on December 11, 2019 by Raimo Streefkerk . Revised on May 6, 2024 by Jack Caulfield.
The MLA Handbook provides guidelines for creating MLA citations and formatting academic papers. This includes advice on structuring parenthetical citations, the Works Cited page, and tables and figures. This quick guide will help you set up your MLA format paper in no time.
Start by applying these MLA format guidelines to your document:
Alternatively, you can automatically apply the formatting with our MLA docx or Google Docs template.
How to set up mla format in google docs, header and title, running head, works cited page, creating mla style citations, headings and subheadings, tables and figures, frequently asked questions about mla format.
The header in MLA format is left-aligned on the first page of your paper. It includes
After the MLA header, press ENTER once and type your paper title. Center the title and don’t forget to apply title-case capitalization. Read our article on writing strong titles that are informative, striking and appropriate.
For a paper with multiple authors, it’s better to use a separate title page instead.
At the top of every page, including the first page, you need to include your last name and the page number. This is called the “running head.” Follow these steps to set up the MLA running head in your Word or Google Docs document:
The running head should look like this:
The Works Cited list is included on a separate page at the end of your paper. You list all the sources you referenced in your paper in alphabetical order. Don’t include sources that weren’t cited in the paper, except potentially in an MLA annotated bibliography assignment.
Place the title “Works Cited” in the center at the top of the page. After the title, press ENTER once and insert your MLA references.
If a reference entry is longer than one line, each line after the first should be indented ½ inch (called a hanging indent ). All entries are double spaced, just like the rest of the text.
Prefer to cite your sources manually? Use the interactive example below to see what the Works Cited entry and MLA in-text citation look like for different source types.
Headings and subheadings are not mandatory, but they can help you organize and structure your paper, especially in longer assignments.
MLA has only a few formatting requirements for headings. They should
We recommend keeping the font and size the same as the body text and applying title case capitalization. In general, boldface indicates greater prominence, while italics are appropriate for subordinate headings.
Chapter Title
Section Heading
Tip: Both Google Docs and Microsoft Word allow you to create heading levels that help you to keep your headings consistent.
Tables and other illustrations (referred to as “figures”) should be placed as close to the relevant part of text as possible. MLA also provides guidelines for presenting them.
Tables are labeled and numbered, along with a descriptive title. The label and title are placed above the table on separate lines; the label and number appear in bold.
A caption providing information about the source appears below the table; you don’t need one if the table is your own work.
Below this, any explanatory notes appear, marked on the relevant part of the table with a superscript letter. The first line of each note is indented; your word processor should apply this formatting automatically.
Just like in the rest of the paper, the text is double spaced and you should use title case capitalization for the title (but not for the caption or notes).
Figures (any image included in your paper that isn’t a table) are also labeled and numbered, but here, this is integrated into the caption below the image. The caption in this case is also centered.
The label “Figure” is abbreviated to “Fig.” and followed by the figure number and a period. The rest of the caption gives either full source information, or (as in the example here) just basic descriptive information about the image (author, title, publication year).
If the caption of your table or figure includes full source information and that source is not otherwise cited in the text, you don’t need to include it in your Works Cited list.
Give full source information in a caption in the same format as you would in the Works Cited list, but without inverting the author name (i.e. John Smith, not Smith, John).
MLA recommends using 12-point Times New Roman , since it’s easy to read and installed on every computer. Other standard fonts such as Arial or Georgia are also acceptable. If in doubt, check with your supervisor which font you should be using.
The main guidelines for formatting a paper in MLA style are as follows:
The fastest and most accurate way to create MLA citations is by using Scribbr’s MLA Citation Generator .
Search by book title, page URL, or journal DOI to automatically generate flawless citations, or cite manually using the simple citation forms.
The MLA Handbook is currently in its 9th edition , published in 2021.
This quick guide to MLA style explains the latest guidelines for citing sources and formatting papers according to MLA.
Usually, no title page is needed in an MLA paper . A header is generally included at the top of the first page instead. The exceptions are when:
In those cases, you should use a title page instead of a header, listing the same information but on a separate page.
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
Streefkerk, R. (2024, May 06). MLA Format | Complete Guidelines & Free Template. Scribbr. Retrieved June 26, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/mla/formatting/
Other students also liked, creating an mla header, block quoting in mla style, how to format your mla works cited page, get unlimited documents corrected.
✔ Free APA citation check included ✔ Unlimited document corrections ✔ Specialized in correcting academic texts
- powered by chegg, create mla citations for free.
Website Book Journal Other
←Back to All Citation Guides
In-text citations are a brief version of citations that are used to provide information about the sources being referred to by the authors. They are used in the text to indicate to the reader that complete information of the citations referred to is available in the works-cited list, which will enable a reader to locate or access the sources being cited.
The basic element needed for an in-text citation is the author’s name . The publication year is not required in in-text citations. Sometimes, page numbers or line numbers are also included, especially when text is quoted from the source being cited. In-text citations are mentioned in the text in two ways: citations in prose and parenthetical citations.
Citations in prose are in-text citations where some of the citation information is incorporated into the text as a part of the sentence. Usually, the author’s full name is included naturally in the text (instead of in a parenthetical citation). Thereafter, only the surname is used. Here’s an example of a citation in prose (first mention of the author):
Christopher Arp identifies the geography of Alaska lake districts.
Parenthetical citations are in-text citations that add source information at the end of a sentence in parenthesis. Here’s one example of a parenthetical citation:
The geography of Alaska lake districts is identified (Arp).
When you quote text from a source word-for-word, try to include the location of the quote. Usually, this is the page number of where the quote is found. If including a page number, there is no need to include page, p., or pp. before the page number. Here’s an example of a quotation with a page number indicated:
According to Ann Fienup-Riordan, “ Fieldwork Turned on Its Head ” (15).
For other types of sources, use other relevant indicators. For example, use a paragraph number if there are no pages or a time stamp for a video.
In-text citations should be concise. Do not repeat author names in parenthesis if the name is mentioned in the text. If you want to cite a chapter number, a scene, or a line number, follow the below guidelines:
Citation in prose:
Parenthetical citation:
Here are a few examples of in-text citations for different numbers of authors:
Use both the first name and surname of the author if you are mentioning the author for the first time in the prose. In subsequent occurrences, use only the author’s surname. Always use the surname of the author in parenthetical citations.
1st mention: Randall Hill studies ….
subsequent mentions: Hill explores ….
Parenthetical:
Two authors
Use the first name and surname of both authors if you are mentioning the work for the first time in the prose. In subsequent occurrences, use only the surnames of the two authors. Always use only the surnames of the authors in parenthetical citations. Use “and” to separate the two authors in parenthetical citations.
1st mention: Magda Miranda and Rea Dennis ….
subsequent mentions: Miranda and Dennis ….
….(Miranda and Dennis)
Three or more authors
For citations in prose, use the first name and surname of the first author followed by “and others” or “colleagues.” In parenthetical citations, use only the surname of the first author followed by “et al.”
Alice Rearden et al. and colleagues…. or Alice Rearden and others ….
….(Rearden et al.)
Corporate author
For citations in prose, treat the corporate author similar to how you would treat author names. For parenthetical citations, shorten the organization name wherever possible.
The Academy of American Poets….
….(American Poets)
If there is no author for the source, use the source title in place of the author’s name for both citations in-prose and parenthetical citations.
When you add such in-text citations, italicize the text. If the source title is too long, use a shortened version of the title in the prose.
Sticky Performances exhibits …. (89)
….( Sticky 89)
Works having the same surname(s), different first name(s).
If two or more entries in the works-cited list have the same surname, use the first name, not only in the first mention, but also in subsequent occurrences in prose to avoid confusion. In parenthetical citations, include the first initials of the author.
Citation in prose templates:
First name Surname of the first author
First name Surname of the second author
Citation prose examples:
Steve Baker
Parenthetical templates:
(A. Author Surname)
(B. Author Surname)
Parenthetical examples:
If the first initials are also the same, use full first name in parenthetical citations too.
(Cheng Lee)
If two or more entries in the works-cited list are contributions of the same author(s), add the title in in-text citations to help the reader locate the source you are citing. If the title is long, you can use a shortened title.
Arlander says in The Peregrine that ….
There are different kinds of birds and a distinct species is studied (Arlander, The Peregrine )
If the works-cited-list entry has a source listed by the title, use the title in both citations in prose and parenthetical citations. If the title is long, you can use a short title.
Interview with Anna Deveare Smith reveals ….
( Anna Deveare Smith )
Do not introduce any punctuation between the author’s name and the page number.
(Scott 102)
If you want to include more page numbers, separate them by commas.
(Sagar 112, 121–24, 129)
If the number introduced is other than a page number (e.g., line number, chapter number, paragraph number), add the label before the number. Use a comma after the author’s name.
(Dcosta, par. 4)
If you want to cite a specific part on a page, separate the part from the page number by a semicolon. Multiple parts, if referred, are separated by commas.
(Bellana 127; par. 41, lines 6–8)
If you introduce multiple citations, separate them by semicolons.
(Milinda 23; Jacob 47)
If you need to insert a title, separate the author name and the title by a comma. However, do not introduce any punctuation between the title and the page number.
(Rich, Painful Stories 128)
If you cite two works by the same author, separate the titles by “and.” For more than two works by the same author, separate the titles by commas, but add “and” along with a serial comma before the last title.
(Gleason, “Great Migration” and “Appalachian Affects”)
(Brisini, “Practice,” “Precarity,” and “Phytomorphizing”)
For additional information on MLA format, select from one of the resource types below. For help creating MLA citations, check out the BibMe MLA citation generator .
How useful was this post?
Click on a star to rate it!
We are sorry that this post was not useful for you!
Let us improve this post!
Tell us how we can improve this post?
General Information for Works Cited Page
Digital Examples
An Article from an Online Article Database
Chaitlin, Julia and Dan Bar-On. "Emotional Memories of Family Relationships During the Holocaust." Journal of Loss and Trauma , vol. 7, no. 4, 2002, pp. 299-326. Academic Search Premiere , doi: 10.1080/10811440290057701.
An Article from an Online Periodical
Yi, Kei-Mu. "Can Vertical Specialization Explain the Growth of World Trade?" Journal of Political Economy, vol. 111, no. 1, 2003, pp. 52-102, www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/344805.
An Article from an Online Newspaper or News Service
Flores, Rosa. “A debt-free college for students who struggle more.” CNN.com , 2 Sept. 2016, www.cnn.com/2016/09/01/health/chicago-community-college-arrupe/index.html. Accessed 7 Sept. 2016.
Demaria, Robert. British Literature 1640-1789: An Anthology . 4 th ed., Wiley, 2016. Ebook Central , ebookcentral.proquest.com.dml.regis.edu/lib/ca/detail.action?docID=4205823.
An Institutional or Organization Web Site (corporate author)
University of Mississippi English Department. The Mississippi Writers Page . U of Mississippi, 2008, mwp.olemiss.edu.
An Online Government Publication
United States Dept. of State. “U. S. Relations with Belarus.” Bureau of Public Affairs, 6 Sept. 2016, www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5371.htm.
Print Examples
Gup, Ted. Nation of Secrets: The Threat to Democracy and the American Way of Life . Doubleday, 2007.
Book Chapters
Higson, Andrew. “The Concept of National Cinema.” Film and Nationalism , edited by Alan Williams, Rutgers UP, 2002, pp 52-67.
Print Journal Articles
David, Craig R. “A Perfect Marriage on the Rocks: Geoffrey and Philippa Chaucer, and the Franklin’s Tale .” Chaucer Review, vol. 37, no. 2, 2002, pp. 129-44.
Wasserman, David, and Alan Strudler. “Can a Nonconsequentialist Count Lives?” Philosophy & Public Affairs , vol. 31, no. 1, 2003, pp. 71-94.
Newspaper Articles
Barron, James. “Broadway Stars, Out a Bit Early.” New York Times , 18 Feb. 2003, late ed., pp. B1+.
Encyclopedias
Kersten, Holger. “Tramps and Hobos.” American History through Literature: 1870 – 1920 , edited by Tom Quirk and Gary Scharnhorst, Scribner’s, 2006. 3 vols.
Government Publications
United States Dept. of Education. Helping Your Child Succeed in School . Office of Intergovernmental and Interagency Affairs, Government Printing Office, 2002.
Videorecordings
The Heart is a Lonely Hunter . Directed by Robert Ellis Miller, performances by Alan Arkin and Sondra Locke, Warner Bros., 1968.
Research Help | [email protected]
303-458-4031 | 1-800-388-2366 x 4031
In-text Citations
When citing from a specific page in a work, include the last name of the author, and the page number(s). When referring to one work by one author , use the following format:
The Marriage-Go-Round is about the conflicting values of individualism and marital commitment in American culture (Cherlin 19).
When the author’s name is already clear from the narrative of your paper , include only the page number within the parentheses at the end of the sentence:
Kovats-Bernat found that street children are active participants in Haitian society and culture (6).
When quoting a source, include the parenthetical citation after the quote:
“For the children who live on them, Port-au-Prince streets are deeply personal and subjective spaces, as these children identify with the street as their home” (Kovats-Bernat 36).
When citing from an entire work , include the last name of the author(s) but do not include page numbers in the parenthetical citation (if using).
Additional Examples & Formatting
A work by two authors: (Hartmann and Slapničar 89)
A work by three or more authors: (Martens et al. 293)
A work by an organization: (National Center for Health Statistics 12-13)
A source with no author: If no author is available, shorten or abbreviate the title of the source so that it is easily identified. When using a title (or part thereof) in an in-text citation, place quotation marks around an article or book chapter; italicize a book title: (“Palau officially” 20)
An indirect source: If the original source is unavailable when quoting or paraphrasing a quote, write “qtd. in” before the author and page(s): (qtd. in Smith 54)
A web source: Follow the previous examples based on the author, if needed. Page numbers or URLs are not necessary in parenthetical citations for online resources. Parenthetical citations may not be needed for sources from the web.
A journal article : If in print or PDF form with page numbers available, include in the citation. If in HTML form or other digital form without page numbers, do not include them.
Research Help hours 303-458-4031 1-800-388-2366 x4031 [email protected] Schedule a research consultation
The library does not guarantee the citations created by the following services. It is suggested that all citations are thoroughly checked after creation.
EasyBib- Free MLA citation generator.
Mendeley - Free, downloadable "reference manager".
Zotero- Free, open source tool to help you collect, organize, and cite your research sources.
KnightCite - Maintained by the Heckman Library at Calvin College. Cite in APA, MLA, and Chicago.
UCSU Citation Builder - Created and managed by NCSU Libraries. Cite in APA, MLA, and Chicago.
Generate accurate citations in MLA format automatically, with MyBib!
An MLA citation generator is a software tool designed to automatically create academic citations in the Modern Language Association (MLA) citation format. The generator will take information such as document titles, author, and URLs as in input, and output fully formatted citations that can be inserted into the Works Cited page of an MLA-compliant academic paper.
The citations on a Works Cited page show the external sources that were used to write the main body of the academic paper, either directly as references and quotes, or indirectly as ideas.
MLA style is most often used by middle school and high school students in preparation for transition to college and further education. Ironically, MLA style is not actually used all that often beyond middle and high school, with APA (American Psychological Association) style being the favored style at colleges across the country.
It is also important at this level to learn why it's critical to cite sources, not just how to cite them.
Writing citations manually is time consuming and error prone. Automating this process with a citation generator is easy, straightforward, and gives accurate results. It's also easier to keep citations organized and in the correct order.
The Works Cited page contributes to the overall grade of a paper, so it is important to produce accurately formatted citations that follow the guidelines in the official MLA Handbook .
It's super easy to create MLA style citations with our MLA Citation Generator. Scroll back up to the generator at the top of the page and select the type of source you're citing. Books, journal articles, and webpages are all examples of the types of sources our generator can cite automatically. Then either search for the source, or enter the details manually in the citation form.
The generator will produce a formatted MLA citation that can be copied and pasted directly into your document, or saved to MyBib as part of your overall Works Cited page (which can be downloaded fully later!).
MyBib supports the following for MLA style:
⚙️ Styles | MLA 8 & MLA 9 |
---|---|
📚 Sources | Websites, books, journals, newspapers |
🔎 Autocite | Yes |
📥 Download to | Microsoft Word, Google Docs |
Daniel is a qualified librarian, former teacher, and citation expert. He has been contributing to MyBib since 2018.
Powerpoint presentations - what do i need to cite, powerpoint presentations - where do my citations go, other digital assignments - where do my citations go.
What am I legally required to cite in my digital assignment?
According to the Copyright Act, you must cite the sources (images, videos, books, websites, etc.) that you used in your digital assignment ( 29.21(1)(b) ). You must cite the source (where you got the information from) and the creator of the content (if available). You must also make sure that any copyrighted materials you used in your assignment meet the conditions set out in section 29.21 of the Copyright Act. For a list of conditions and more information, please visit: http://studentcopyright.wordpress.com/mashups/
What citation style do I use for the sources in my digital assignment?
There is no one required citation style, so please defer to your instructor's directions and citation style preference.
List your sources in a slide at the end of the Powerpoint presentation, with in-text citations throughout your presentation as applicable.
You could also provide a print copy of the sources you used to those attending your presentation.
Seneca Libraries has the following recommendations for how to organize your list of sources for digital assignments. Please check with your instructor first:
Videos you create:
List your sources in a credits screen at the end of the video.
Websites you create:
Images you create:
If possible list your sources at the bottom or side of the image ( example ). Otherwise, include a list of citations alongside the image wherever it’s uploaded (e.g. Flickr, Blackboard).
**Please note that the above are recommendations only and your instructor may have a preference and directions for how and where you list your sources for your assignment.**
If you don't receive specific instructions from your instructor, try to include your citations in a way that doesn't impact the design of your digital assignment.
For more information please contact Seneca Libraries copyright team at [email protected]
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Revised on March 5, 2024. In MLA style, the following format is used to cite a lecture or speech. MLA format. Speaker last name, First name. " Lecture Title .". Course or Event Name, Day Month Year, Venue, City. MLA Works Cited entry. Dent, Gina. "Anchored to the Real: Black Literature in the Wake of Anthropology.".
To create a reference page citation, do the following: Write the speaker's name in last name, first name format with a period following. List the title or a description of the lecture in quotations with a period following. Write the name of the course with a comma following. Write the date that the event was held in day, month, year format ...
In an MLA Works Cited entry for an in-person lecture, list the title in quotation marks, with headline capitalization, and include the word "Lecture" (or a more specific descriptive term) at the end of the entry. The MLA in-text citation just lists the speaker's last name. MLA format. Speaker last name, First name.
A conference proceeding is the published record of a conference, congress, symposium, or other meeting sponsored by a society or association. The document will look similar to an article or book chapter (and it may in fact be a chapter in a book). To cite a conference proceeding, provide the same information as when citing a book or article ...
Continue your citation with the venue name, the date, and the city where the event occured, separated by commas. Place a final period after the city. State the date on which the lecture was conducted, followed by a period. The complete date should be written in the international format (i.e., day-month-year).
MLA Citation Guide (MLA 9th Edition): Class Notes and Presentations. ... It may be useful to cite information from class lectures and presentations in your work. Examples of how to do so are provided on this page. ... Format. Instructor's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Handouts/Notes." Name of Course, College Department, University of Nevada ...
To cite an online lecture or speech, follow the MLA format template. List the name of the presenter, followed by the title of the lecture. Then list the name of the website as the title of the container, the date on which the lecture was posted, and the URL: Allende, Isabel. "Tales of Passion.". TED: Ideas Worth Spreading, Jan. 2008, www ...
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
This guide follows the 9th edition (the most recent) of the MLA Handbook, published by the Modern Language Association in 2021. To cite sources in MLA style, you need. In-text citations that give the author's last name and a page number. A list of Works Cited that gives full details of every source. Make sure your paper also adheres to MLA ...
How to Cite a Lecture in MLA. An MLA lecture's citation should have the following format: Speaker's last name, First name. "Lecture Title.". Course or Event Name, Day Month Year, Venue, City. This structure is also appropriate for various forms of oral presentations, such as conference panels or public talks. To reference a video ...
Video recording. If the lecture has a title, use that in place of the generic description in the example above. In the text of your essay, provide time stamps as in-text citations for all quotations from the lecture. See also our posts on citing online lectures and on citing presentations posted on learning management systems.
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. This resource, updated to reflect the MLA Handbook (9th ed.), offers examples for the general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the Works Cited page.
MLA Citation Examples. MLA citing is easier when you have visuals and examples to take a peek at. That's why we've put together a list of the most common source types that students and scholars reference. If you're trying to reference a book, newspaper article, website, or tweet, you'll find the structures you need to get on the right ...
MLA lecture citation - Titles and event names. Write the speaker's last name, followed by their first name and a period. You treat the lecture as you would any source and start with the author. Example. Franklin, Joby. Enclose the conference title in quotation marks. Use a period before the final quotation mark. Example.
The examples below show you how to cite five basic source types. Click on an entry to get more information, as well as links to posts with more examples. For hundreds of sample entries by format, check out the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook. Books Book by One Author. Mantel, Hilary. Wolf Hall. Picador, 2010. Book by an Unknown Author ...
Scan your paper for plagiarism mistakes. Get help for 7,000+ citation styles including APA 7. Check for 400+ advanced grammar errors. Create in-text citations and save them. Free 3-day trial. Cancel anytime.*️. Try Citation Machine® Plus! *See Terms and Conditions. Consider your source's credibility.
Determine the type of work to cite (e.g., article, image, sound recording) and cite appropriately. End the entry with the name of the digital format (e.g., PDF, JPEG file, Microsoft Word file, MP3). If the work does not follow traditional parameters for citation, give the author's name, the name of the work, the date of creation, and the ...
MLA format is a widely used citation style for academic papers. Learn how to format your title page, header, and Works Cited page with our free template and examples. Watch our 3-minute video to see how easy it is to apply MLA rules to your document.
For example, use a paragraph number if there are no pages or a time stamp for a video. In-text citations should be concise. Do not repeat author names in parenthesis if the name is mentioned in the text. If you want to cite a chapter number, a scene, or a line number, follow the below guidelines: Citation in prose:
In-text Citations. When citing from a specific page in a work, include the last name of the author, and the page number(s). When referring to one work by one author, use the following format:. The Marriage-Go-Round is about the conflicting values of individualism and marital commitment in American culture (Cherlin 19).. When the author's name is already clear from the narrative of your paper ...
Generate MLA format citations and create your works cited page accurately with our free MLA citation generator. Now fully compatible with MLA 8th and 9th Edition. arrow_back. ... Books, journal articles, and webpages are all examples of the types of sources our generator can cite automatically. Then either search for the source, or enter the ...
For images, include a citation under each image using this format "From: XXXX" and then make the image a link back to the original image (example - picture of little girl). Or list the citation at the bottom of the web page.