how to cite a case study in apa 6th edition

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How to Cite a Case Study in APA, MLA, or Chicago

When citing a case study, the format in MLA and APA is similar to that of a report, and in Chicago style, it is similar to that of a book. For all three citation styles, you will need the name of the author(s), the title of the case study, the year it was published, the publishing organization/publisher, and URL (if applicable). The templates and examples below will demonstrate how to cite a case study in MLA, APA, and Chicago styles.

Author Last Name, Author First Name.  Title of Case Study . Edition (if applicable), volume number (if applicable), Publisher, year of publication, URL without http:// or https:// (if applicable).

Hill, Linda A., et al. HCL Technologies (A). Rev. edition, Harvard Business School, 2008, www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=34784.

In-text Citation:

(Author Last Name(s) page #)

(Hill et al. 8)

Author Last Name, Author Initial. (Publication Year). Title of Case Study (Case # if applicable). Publishing Organization. URL

Hill, L., Khanna, T., & Stecker, E. (2008). HCL Technologies (A) (Case 408-004). Harvard Business School. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=34784

(Author Last Name, Publication Year)

(Hill et al., 2008)

Notes-bibliography style

Author Last Name, First Name.  Title of the Case Study . Publishing City: Publishing Organization, Publication Year. URL.

Hill, Linda A., Tarun Khanna, and Emily Stecker. HCL Technologies (A).  Boston: Harvard Business School, 2008. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=34784.

1. Author First Name Last Name, Title of the Case Study (Publishing City: Publishing Organization, Publication Year), URL.

1. Linda A. Hill, Tarun Khanna, and Emily Stecker, HCL Technologies (A) ( Boston: Harvard Business School, 2008), https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=34784.

Author-date style

Author Last Name, First Name. Publication Year. Title of the Case Study . Publishing City: Publishing Organization. URL.

Hill, Linda A., Tarun Khanna, and Emily Stecker. 2008. HCL Technologies (A).  Boston: Harvard Business School. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=34784.

In-text citation: 

(Author Last Name Publication Date)

(Holl, Khanna, and Stecker 2008)

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Information

How to cite references using apa style.

• Getting Started
• Finding Help
• Books, E-Books (including book chapters & encyclopedia entries) & Dissertations/Theses
• Articles from Scholarly Journals, Magazines & Newspapers (print & online)
• Class Resources (Lectures, PowerPoints, Handouts)
• Webpages, websites & social media
• Government Reports, Legal Citations & Regulations, Lecture Notes, Interviews, ERIC Documents, archival materials and other miscellaneous
• Images, film, music, media
• Citing ChatGPT and Other AI Tools in APA Style
• Sources from Business-Specific Databases
• Formatting Author Names, Abbreviations, Rules & More
• In-text citation help
• APA 6th Edition

APA 6th Edition Examples - Books & Book Chapters

Drucker, P. F. (1998). Peter Drucker on the profession of management . Boston: Harvard Business School.

• Two Authors

McGuire, M. T., & Anderson, W. H. (1999). The US healthcare dilemma: Mirrors and chains . Westport, CT: Auburn House.

• Three authors

Marquart, J. W., Olson, S. E., & Sorensen, J. R. (1994). The rope, the chair, and the needle: Capital punishment in Texas, 1923-1990 . Austin: University of Texas Press.

• More than three authors

Sakakibara, S., Hidetoshi, Y., Hisakatsu, S., Kengo, S., & Shimon, F. (1988). The Japanese stock market: Pricing systems and accounting information . New York: Praeger.

Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1998). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

• Corporate author

American Health Association. (2000). American Hospital Association guide to the health care field . Chicago: Author.

• Edited Book

Gibbs, J. T., & Huang, L. N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth . San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

• Article or chapter in an edited book

Massaro, D. (1992). Broadening the domain of the fuzzy logical model of perception. In H. L. Pick Jr., P. van den Broek, & D. C. Knill (Eds.), Cognition: Conceptual and methodological issues (pp. 51-84). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Philips, M., & Rasberry, S. (1997). Marketing without advertising (2nd ed.). Berkley, CA: Nolo Press.

• Book in several volumes

Magill, F. N. (1993). Survey of social science: Psychology series (Vol. 2). Pasadena, CA: Salem Press.

Shotton, M. A. (1989).  Computer addiction? A study of computer dependency  [DX Reader Version]. Retrieved from http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/htm/index.asp

• E-book with DOI

Schiraldi, G. R. (2001).  The post-traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: A guide to healing, recovery, and growth  [Adobe Digital Editions version]. doi: 10.10.36/0071393722

• E-book from a database

Munroe, M. (2009).  Echoes of the Haitian Revolution, 1804-2004  [Monograph]. Retrieved from ebrary.

• E-book only (no print version, no DOI)

O’Keefe, E. (n.d.).  Egoism & the crisis in Western values . Retrieved from http://www.onlineoriginals.com/showitem.asp?itemID=135

• Chapter in an e-book

Strong, E. K. Jr., & Uhrbrock, R. S. (1923). Bibliography on job analysis. In L. Outhwaite (Series Ed.),  Personnel Research Series: Vol. 1. Job analysis and the curriculum  (pp. 140-146). doi: 10.1037/10762-000

• Online reference book (author listed)

Graham, G. (2005). Behaviorism. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.),  The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy  (Fall 2007 ed.). Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/

• Online reference book (no author listed)

Heuristic. (n.d.). In  Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary  (11th ed.). Retrieved from http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/heuristic

• APA Style Manual

American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

For whole e-books, include the E-reader version and its original retrieval URL or doi

If the ebook has no DOI, try to find a permalink for the book.

If the book is read online, such as Google Books, ebrary, ebl, EbscoBooks, do not include the E-reader version.

For example, this is a book from ebrary. I read it online, so I do not need to include an E-reader version. I used the Share Link to Book to get a permalink for a book title.

Denzin, N. K. (2016). Searching for Yellowstone : Race, gender, family and memory in the Postmodern West. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. Retrieved from http://site.ebrary.com/lib/wayne/detail.action? docID=10411861

In text citing from e-books

For e-books from platforms that are read online do not have page numbers (such as Books 24x7), add an overarching heading plus a paragraph number within that section. If the heading is too long to cite in full, create a short title in quotation marks.

In-text citation, no page numbers, using a heading   (Smith, 1978, Introduction section, para. 5)

In-text citation, no page numbers, create a short title   (Smith, 1978, "The Future of Libraries," para. 1)

APA 6th Edition Examples - Periodical Articles

• Journal article (print)

Light, M. A., & Light, I. H. (2008). The geographic expansion of Mexican immigration in the United States and its implications for local law enforcement. Law Enforcement Executive Forum Journal, 8 (1), 73-82.

• Journal article with Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24 , 225-229. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

• Article from an online-only journal

Frederickson, B. L. (2000, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3 . Retrieved from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html

• Article with more than seven authors

Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L., Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A., Thomas, S. T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009). Web site usability for the blind and low-vision user. Technical Communication, 57 , 323-335.

• Electronic copy of a journal article retrieved from a database

Borman, W. C., Hanson, M. A., Oppler, S. H., Pulakos, E. D., & White, L. A. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78 (3), 443-449.

• Newspaper (print) (author listed)

Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post , pp. A1, A4.

• Newspaper (print) (no author listed)

Obesity affects economic, social status. (1993, September 30). The Washington Post , pp. A1, A4.

• Online newspaper article

Brody, J. E. (2007, December 11). Mental reserves keep brain agile. New York Times . Retrieved from: http://www.nytimes.com

Magazine Articles

• Magazine article (print) (author listed)

Chamberlin, J., Novotney, A., Packard, E., & Price, M. (2008, May). Enhancing worker well-being: Occupational health psychologists convene to share their research on work, stress, and health. Monitor on Psychology, 39 (5), 26-29.

Note: For weekly magazines, add the day in addition to the month and year (2008, May 24).

• Magazine article (print) (no author listed)

Enhancing worker well-being: Occupational health psychologists convene to share their research on work, stress, and health. (2008, May). Monitor on Psychology, 39 (5), 26-29.

• Online magazine article

Clay, R. (2008, June). Science vs. ideology: Psychologists fight back about the misuse of research. Monitor on Psychology, 39 (6). Retrieved from http://apa.org/monitor/

• Electronic copy of a magazine article retrieved from a database

Frank, M. (1993, June). The wild, wild, West. Architectural Digest, 50, 180-185, 193. 

Editorials, Reviews, Interviews, etc.

• Editorial/ Letter to the Editor

Marshall-Pescini, S., & Whiten, A. (2006). “What is a disaster” and why does this question matter? [Editorial]. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 14 , 1-2.

• Review of a book

Schatz, B. R. (2000, November 17). Learning by text or context? [Review of the book The social life of information , by J. S. Brown & P. Duguid]. Science, 290 , 1304. doi: 10.1126/science.290.5495.1304

• Online book review

Zacharek, S. (2008, April 27). Natural women [Review of the book Girls like us ]. The New York Times . Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/books/review/Zachareck-t.html?pagewanted=2

• Review of a DVD

Axelman, A., & Shapiro, J. L. (2007). Does the solution warrant the problem? [Review of the DVD Brief therapy with adolescents , produced by the American Psychological Association, 2007]. PsycCRITIQUES, 52 (51). doi: 10.1037/a0009036

• Interview (published in a periodical)

The entry should follow the format of the original source of the interview (in this case, a journal article with one author).  In this example, the interview lacks a title, so a description of the interview is given in brackets . 

Archer, N. (1993). [Interview with Helen Burns, author of Sense and Perception]. Journal of Sensory Studies, 21 , 211-216.

If the interview has a title, include the title (without quotation marks) after the year, and then give a further description in brackets if necessary. 

Fromm, M. G. (2014). Interview with Frank Ochberg. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 31 (2), 206-216. doi:10.1037/a0036147

Example adapted from http://www.cws.illinois.edu/workshop/writers/citation/apa/interview/

APA 6th Edition Examples - Electronic Resources

• An entire website (but not a specific document on the site)

Do not include in reference list; cite in text only. [More Information] Example: The Michigan Online Resources for Educators (MORE) database is a excellent resource for lesson plans (http://more.mel.org/).

• Document on an organization's website

Canarie, Inc. (1997, September 27). Towards a Canadian health IWAY: Vision, opportunities and future steps . Retrieved from http:www//canarie.ca/press/publications/pdf/health/healthvision.doc

• Website (no author, no year, no page number)

Social workers come out in support of marriage for same-sex couples. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.socialworkers.org/pressroom/2004/081704.asp

• Online product review (such as epinions.com)

Pixeltech. (2010, December 10). Sony VAIO L Series Just Touch it [Review of Sony VAIO notebook]. Retrieved from: http://www.epinions.com/reviews/Sony_VAIO_L_VPCL137FX_R_24_All_in_One_Touchscreen_Computer_Red_PC_Notebook

• Online government report

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003). Managing asthma: A guide for schools (NIH Publication No. 02-2650). Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/lung/asthma/asth_sch.pdf

Do not include in reference list; cite in text only. Example: According to S. D. Cathcart (personal communication, September 20, 2001), management is refusing to agree to the proposal.

• Message posted to a newsgroup, online forum, or discussion group

Ramperdas, T. (2005, June 8). Re: Traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions [Online forum content]. Retrieved from http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/Weblog/theme_eight_how_can_cultural#comments

• Electronic mailing list (Listserv)

Smith, S. (2006, January 5). Re: Disputed estimates of IQ [Electronic mailing list message]. Retrieved from http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/Group/ForensicNetwork/message/670

MiddleKid. (2007, January 22). Re: The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/01the_unfortunate_prerequisites.php  

APA 6th Edition Examples - Miscellaneous & Unpublished

• Annual report

Home Depot. (2001). Home Depot 2000 annual report . Atlanta, GA: Author.

• Online annual report

Proctor & Gample Company. (2010). P & G 2010 annual report. Retrieved from http://www.pg.com/annualreport2010/index.shtml

• Interview or personal communication

Do not include in reference list;cite in text only. Example: P. Drucker (personal communication, September 20, 2001) believes that there are several different types of managers.

• Doctoral dissertation or master's thesis retrieved from the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database

McNiel, D. S. (2006). Meaning through narrative: A personal narrative discussing growing up with an alcoholic mother (Master’s thesis). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 1434728)

IMPORTANT:  The Publication Number is located in the field titled Publication Number in the Indexing Document Details area of the record in the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database. The number is prefaced with AAT, which should not be included in the Publication Number. The Publication Number is equivalent to the UMI number that appears in the example for the APA citation for the dissertation or theses on page 208, APA Publication Manual, 6th Edition.

• ERIC document

Greenberg, J. & Walsh, K. (2010). Ed school essentials: A review of Illinois teacher preparation . Washington, DC: National Council on Teacher Quality. (ED512668)

• Conference proceedings (Unpublished paper or speech)

Smith, S. (2009, August). Putting the grrrr! Back in progressive . Paper presented at the meeting of the Progressive Librarians Guild, Detroit, MI.

• Conference proceedings (Unpublished poster)

Ruby, J., & Fulton, C. (1993, June). Beyond reading: Editing software that works . Poster session at the annual meeting of the Society for Scholarly Publishing, Washington, DC.

• Brochure/pamphlet

National Cancer Institute. (2000, June). Cancer research-because lives depend on it [Brochure]. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute.

Brown v. Board of Educ., 347 U.S. 483 (1954).

• Legal statute

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, 42 U.S.C. § 4331 (1970).

• Code of Federal Regulations

FDA Prescription Drug Advertising Rule, 21 C.F.R. § 202.1 (2006).

• Government report

U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2002). Statistical abstract of the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

• House or Senate Committee Report

Iraq: Meeting the challenge, sharing the burden, staying the course, a trip report to members of the Committee on Foreign Relations , U.S. Senate, 108th Cong., 1st sess. (S. Prt. 108-31). (2003).

• DSM-5 Individual chapter from DSM-5 American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Cautionary statement for forensic use of DSM-5. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.744053
• Archival Materials from the Walter P. Reuther Library When citing materials please use the full name of the collection and of the Library. In the event your research becomes a source for publication, the Library requests a copy of the publication. Example: Doe, John. (July 1, 1923). Letter from John Doe to Jane Smith (Box 9, Folder 23). The Acme Company Collection, Walter P. Reuther Library, Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.

APA 6th Edition Examples - Audiovisual Media

The following are interpretations based on rules put forth by the APA Publication Manual, 6th Edition. The Manual does not speak specifically to many types of online visual resources.

General rules

Always check your URL to make sure it works

Follow standard form for author’s name when possible (Last Name, First Initial. Middle Initial.)

Use n.d. if no date exists

Do not use a URL if material was retrieved from a library database. Use the library database name.

• Online Video Blog Post (YouTube, TED, Vimeo, TeacherTube, etc).

Use the designated shareable link as the URL, such as the Share URL in YouTube.

For Corporate Author or Channel, use as the Author. Use upload date as date if no creation date is available

Author Last Name, Author First Initial. Author Middle Initial. (Year, Month Date). Title of video [Video file]. Retrieved from URL

TEDtalksDirector. (2009, February 16). Barry Schwartz: The real crisis? We stopped being wise [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/lA-zdh_bQBo

• Image found in a free online resource

To assure copyright compliance, use a resource such as Flickr’s Creative Commons http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/

Creator’s last name, First initial. Middle initial. (Role of creator). (Year of creation). Description or title of image. [Type of work]. Retrieved from URL.

Comas, J. S. (Photographer). (2007). Jordi Comas Teaching. [Digital Image]. Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/24567742@N03/4475421910/

Konopacki. (Cartoonist). Overcrowding. [Cartoon]. Retrieved from http://www.sites4teachers.com/links/redirect.php?url=http://www.solidarity.com/hkcartoons/teachertoons/images/kono2DEC.gif

• Image found in a library database

If it is a single image you found in a search in a library database . If there are credits under the image for the author or the original publisher, that should be noted in the citation.

Creator name. (Role of creator). (Year of creation). Description or title of image. [Type of work]. Retrieved from Database Name.

Cusic-McClatchy, C. C. (Photographer). (2009). Middle School Sex Education Class. [Digital Image]. Retrieved from GALE Opposing Viewpoints in Context.

• If the image is part of an article , cite the source in your bibliography and follow the discussion of the image with an in-text reference to the published source. For non-standard presentation, such as Powerpoint, Wiki, etc., follow the reproduction of the image with a caption that includes (Article Author(s) Last Name, Year, p. xx, title of image)

Example: This would appear immediately following the reference to the image from the article, book, etc.

(Andrews & Sayers, 2006, p. 35, Table 1)

This would be the citation for the reference:

Andrews, P. & Sayers, J. (2006). Conditions for learning: Part 3. Mathematics Teaching, 199. 34-38. Retrieved from ProQuest Research Library.

• Music recording

Artist. (Year) Name of Song. On Name of Collection/Album [Medium of recording]. City, State: Recording Label Company.

Coldplay. (2000). Trouble. On Parachutes [iTunes]. EMI Records Ltd. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/parachutes/id23533494

Van Nuys, D. (Producer). (2007, December 19). Shrink rap radio [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.shrinkrapradio.com/

• Television show episode

Egan, D. (Writer), & Alexander, J. (Director). (2005). Failure to communicate [Television series episode]. In D. Shore (Executive producer), House . New York, NY: Fox Broadcasting.

• Live television broadcast

Crystal, L. (Executive Producer). (1993, October 11). The MacNeil/Lehrer news hour [Television broadcast]. New York and Washington, DC: Public Broadcasting Service.

• Motion Picture/Video

Grey, B., King, G., & Pitt, B. (Producers), & Scorsese, M. (Director). (2006). The Departed [Motion Picture]. United States: Plan B Entertainment.

Author Names

When citing an author with a hyphenated first name in order of appearance, use the first letter with period, then present the second letter preceded by a hyphen.

Author is Jean-Baptise Lamour      Reference citation style is  Lamour, J.-B.

Author is Ru-Jye Chuang                Reference citation style is   Chuang, R.-J.

Source:  APA Publication Manual, 6th Edition, 6,27, p 184

If an author's first name is hyphenated, retain the hyphen and include a period after each initial. Do not put a space after the period of the first initial and the - preceding the second initial.

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APA Style 6th Edition: Citing Your Sources

• Basics of APA Formatting
• In Text Quick View
• Block Quotes
• Books & eBooks
• Thesis/Dissertation
• Conference Presentations
• Course Documents

Standard Format

Various examples.

• Social Media
• Government Documents
• Academic Integrity and Plagiarism
• Additional Resources
• Sample Reference Page

Electronic Course Document

Author, A. A.  (Year). Title [Format]. Retrieved from url

Lecture notes available online

Author, A. A.  (Year). Lecture title [Format]. Retrieved from: url.

Class Handouts

Author, A. A.  (Year).  Title of handout [Format].  Place of Publication: Publisher/institution

• Find out more by visiting APA’s Style Blog- How to Cite a Class in APA Style
• Previously published articles, chapters or other resources: Cite the article or chapter as if you have found it in the original source. These details should be provided within the course pack or compiled textbook as part of a correct copyright or permissions statement.
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How to Write a Case Study in APA Format

Table of contents

• 1 What Is a Case Study In APA Format?
• 2.1 Sample Of APA Case Study Outline
• 3.1 Title Page in APA for Case Study Project
• 3.2 The Abstract for an APA case study

Whether you study social sciences or life sciences, you’re likely to encounter a case study analysis in your academic journey. These papers demand a lot from students. First, you must have impeccable research and analysis skills. Sample populations, particularly people, can be challenging to analyze. It’s easy to misinterpret data and come up with the wrong conclusions. Additionally, you’ll need to have a knack for writing to present your findings persuasively, backed up by evidence-based arguments that build confidence for your teacher to accept the results of your work. If you need to boost your paper, Papers Owl is here to help you with a wide range of guidelines on how to write a case study in APA.

What Is a Case Study In APA Format?

To make your success, first realize that a case study is detective work. Your research may have an unresolved question or to carry out some testing to validate a hypothesis; in this case, studies are born. Psychology, nursing, and business are common fields this method is applied. In this scientific method, you’ll approach an event, action, individual, etc. And apply a set of circumstances to observe outcomes. Most papers in this field are written in the APA format, which can be a burden for students, especially if they aren’t familiar with this style. If you lack time or motivation for writing, appeal to our professional writers to write a case study  in APA format, and we will ensure your paper is perfectly formatted and gets a high grade.

Structure of Case Study Report In APA

First, let’s look at the sections in writing a case study in APA, which shares a few similarities to a typical research paper.

Introduction: Introduce your topic to the reader. Be sure to include the state of current research and where you plan to develop the current state of knowledge. You should include an interesting fact to reinforce your work’s importance and develop an interest in your hypothesis. Finish off with a thesis statement that you’ll focus on your workaround.

Aims: In this section, you answer the questions regarding why you are conducting your research and any questions you’ll explore. Avid case study writer recommends focusing your questions around your thesis. You can develop a triangle with a diagram and drill down your questions in a logical format that matches your paper’s main purpose.

Methods: Writing a case study in APA requires a methods section that details how you conducted your research. Did you conduct any interviews, send out questionnaires, or observe any behaviors? Detail them in this section, and state the environment and circumstances surrounding your data collection.

Results: Now that you’ve identified what you’d planned to accomplish and how you went about it in your APA case study format, it’s time to post the results. Don’t be shy if things don’t go swimmingly. Often in studies, we have unexpected results, which sometimes makes your paper more interesting to read.

Discussion: It’s time for the heart and soul of your paper. After all your research and observation, it is time to have a discourse on the results. The key to how to write a case paper in APA hangs on your ability to interpret the results in a meaningful way. Be sure to focus the discussion on your stated methods and how they pertain to your aims.

Recommendations: Here you want to detail what is to follow your research. Professional case study writers advise stating any knowledge gaps in your work and any unanswered or new questions you had found in the process. Your insights will be useful for others to follow in your footsteps and expand on your analysis.

Sample Of APA Case Study Outline

Example of writing a case study analysis in APA format:

Writing a case study in APA Step By Step

Knowing how to write a case study in APA format is a common question for students. In addition to the typical academic standards, APA has its own requirements that must be adhered to. The first step is to create a heading, known as a running head, that will be present on each page of your paper. The running head includes:

• The page number on the right margin
• A shortened title of your paper in ALL-CAPS no longer than 50 characters to the right

Title Page in APA for Case Study Project

The title of a case study in an APA paper is a requirement. The purpose is to state the name of the work, who the author is, and the institution that sponsored the research. It has the following parts:

• The words “running head” at the top, followed by the actual running head
• The full title of your paper using APA titling no longer than 12 words
• Your name without any designations (Dr/Ph.D./Rev/etc.) and the institution you attend

The Abstract for an APA case study

The abstract of your paper works as a summary to give a brief overview of what it contains. Include the running head at the top; the first line should have the word “abstract” centered. Follow the abstract with 150-250 words summarizing your paper. You may also index some keywords to help find the contents of your work in academic databases. At the end of your summary, indent once, and in italics, indicate keywords related to your work.

Writing an effective college paper requires a lot of planning and formatting to get it done right. Brush up on these guidelines for how to write your paper in APA format . If you need someone to review your work or write any parts of your paper, reach out to our professional writers, who are always willing to lend a hand.

Additionally, with the help of our blog, you can make sure you create a professional PowerPoint presentation that clearly outlines the main points of your paper. If you need help with this, our professional writers can provide guidance.

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APA 6th Referencing Style Guide

• APA referencing style
• In-text citation
• Reference list
• TV, film & video
• Tables, figures & images
• Conferences
• Personal communications
• Lecture notes
• Social media
• Computer software & mobile applications

Law and APA

Acts (Statutes)

Regulations (legislative instruments)

Cases - reported cases, cases - unreported cases, commentary on legislation and cases, new zealand parliamentary debates (hansard).

• Standards & patents
• Specific health examples
• Exhibition catalogue
• APA is not specifically designed for referencing New Zealand legal materials
• Law students at AUT should use the New Zealand Law Style Guide for referencing law materials, NOT APA.

Law students

Use the AUT Library Law subject guide , which contains Legal Referencing & Citation Tools  and the New Zealand Law Style Guide .

Non-law students

• Students studying other disciplines can use APA to cite the occasional Act or case
• The guidelines in the APA manual relate to American legislation and are inappropriate for New Zealand.
• The APA Referencing Style Guide here gives AUT interpretations on APA for New Zealand legal resources.
• An Act (also called a Statute) is a written law passed by a legislative body
• The date is part of the title of the Act and does not need parentheses or comma's to differentiate it

Reference format for an Act:

Reference list entry:

In-text citation:

Section of an Act

• Acts have section numbers
• Use the abbreviation s for a section or ss for sections
• Section numbers are not included in the reference list

In text citation:

• A Bill is a draft of a proposed law presented to parliament for discussion
• The Bill number is part of the title of the Bill and doesn't need a comma
• The date is part of the title of the Bill and does not need parentheses or comma's to differentiate it

Reference format for a Bill:

Citing clauses of a Bill

• Bills have clauses rather than sections
• Use the abbreviation cl for a clause or cls for clauses
• Clause numbers are not included in the reference list

Regulations

• A Regulation is a legislative instrument made by the Governor-General, ministers of the crown, and certain other bodies under powers conferred by an Act of parliament
• The date is part of the title of the Regulation and does not need parentheses or comma's to differentiate it

Reference format for a Regulation:

Citing clauses and regulations of a Regulation

• Regulations have clauses rather than sections
• Use the abbreviation cl for a clause or cls for clauses. Use the abbreviation reg for a regulation or regs for regulations.

Reported cases

• Reported cases are court and tribunal decisions that have been reported or published in a report series
• The New Zealand Law Reports are the official (government authorised) report series for New Zealand
• Other law report series are published in New Zealand. These are unofficial reporting series and contain significant cases. Examples: the New Zealand Family Law Reports and the New Zealand Employment Law Reports
• Use the same reference format for cases published in official and unofficial report series
• If a case is not published in a report series, it is 'unreported'. See Cases - Unreported cases for the correct referencing style

Reference format for reported cases:

• Parties (people or organisations involved – sometimes substituted by a letter eg. X if a name is suppressed), separated by the letter v
• Year (year the case was reported). Brackets: follow the example used in your case title.
• Abbreviation (of the law report where the case is published or the court where the case was heard). Search Legal Citations of Aotearoa New Zealand for the correct abbreviation
• Volume and page number (or case number for unreported cases).  A volume number is not always available.
• Court identifier (for reported cases only - court name is found on the first page of the case you are using)

Unreported cases

• Unreported cases are court or tribunal decisions that have not been published in a law report series
• Unreported cases may be downloaded from the AUT law databases (LexisNexisNZ, WestlawNZ), or from the court, tribunal or commission who issued the decision
• Use the New Zealand Law Foundation's abbreviations for courts and tribunals
• Use the official neutral citation if available. Neutral citations are provided on the original copy of the case. See: Neutral citation
• If a neutral citation is not provided, use the case file number . See: No neutral citation

Reference format for an unreported case (with neutral citation):

Reference format for an unreported case (no neutral citation):

• Only include the registry information for a court or tribunal with multiple registries. For example, New Zealand has 58 district courts and 19 high courts. 
• Legal commentaries provide up-to-date, detailed information on a particular subject area. Texts, journal articles and legal encyclopedias are examples of commentaries.
• Commentaries are available through the AUT law databases
• If you cannot locate the general editor or author, omit this information
• If you cannot locate a date of publication for commentary found in the AUT databases, use n.d. (no date) in your reference list and in-text citation. See the examples below.

Reference format for printed New Zealand Parliamentary Debates

Reference format for electronic New Zealand Parliamentary Debates

Knowledge Basket (AUT database)

New Zealand Parliament website

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