presentation for global warming

Global Warming

Miss Parson – Allerton Grange School

Aims and objectives

• To be able to define and understand the process of Global Warming.
• Be able to describe the effects of Global Warming on a global and local scale.
• Be able to recognise how the effects of Global Warming can be reduced.

What is�Global Warming ?

Global warming is the increase in the world’s average temperature, believed to be the result from the release of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels.

This increase in greenhouse gases is causing an increase in the rate of the greenhouse effect .

The Greenhouse�Effect

The earth is warming rather like the inside of a greenhouse. On a basic level the sun’s rays enter the earths atmosphere and are prevented from escaping by the greenhouse gases. This results in higher world temperatures.

In more detail………

Energy from the sun drives the earth's weather and climate, and heats the earth's surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse.�

Without this natural "greenhouse effect," temperatures would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth's average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. �

What are the�greenhouse gases?

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. Why are greenhouse gas concentrations increasing?

Burning of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide.

CFC’s from aerosols, air conditioners, foam packaging and refrigerators most damaging (approx 6%).

Methane is released from decaying organic matter, waste dumps, animal dung, swamps and peat bogs (approx 19%).

Nitrous Oxide is emitted from car exhausts, power stations and agricultural fertiliser (approx 6%).

The major contributor is Carbon Dioxide (approx 64%).

Task 1:The �Greenhouse Effect

Complete your worksheet by cutting and labeling the diagram and answering the questions

Task 2 : Effects of global warming

You are about to see a series of pictures which show some of the effects of global warming.

Draw a rough sketch then write down the effects or titles for the pictures you've drawn

I’m thinking !

What are the consequences of Global Warming?

What are the pictures showing, what are the effects of global warming?

How did�you do?

Hurricanes –extreme weather

Flooding of coastal areas

Desertification

Ice caps melt

Rise in temperatures

Loss of wildlife habitats and species

Sea level rise

Extreme storms

There are also some positive effects of global warming

• Decrease in death and disease
• Healthier, faster growing forests due to excess CO2
• Longer growing seasons
• Warmer temperatures (UK Mediterranean climate!!)
• Plants and shrubs will be able to grow further north and in present desert conditions
• Heavier rainfall in certain locations will give higher agricultural production (Rice in India, Wheat in Africa).

How can Global Warming be reduced?

• Reduce the use of fossil fuels. A major impact would be to find alternatives to coal, oil and gas power stations.
• Afforest areas, trees use up the CO2, reduce deforestation.
• Reduce the reliance on the car (promote shared public transport).
• Try to use energy efficiently (turn off lights and not use as much!).
• Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
• Careful long term planning to reduce the impact of global warming.
• Global Warming is the increase in global temperatures due to the increased rate of the Greenhouse Effect.
• Greenhouse gases trap the incoming solar radiation, these gases include Carbon Dioxide, CFCs, Methane, Nitrous Oxides and other Halocarbons. These are released by human activity.
• We need the Greenhouse effect to maintain life on earth as we know it…however if we keep adding to the Greenhouse gases there will be many changes.
• Consequences can be negative ( ice caps melt, sea level rise, extreme weather conditions) or positive (more rain in drought areas, longer growing season).

Re do diagram slide 7

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wwworks/2222523486/ - slide 1

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dzwjedziak/375723120/ - slide 8 and 1

http://www.flickr.com/photos/bratan/452189020/ - slide 4

http://www.flickr.com/photos/hogbard/412932972/- slide 6

http://www.flickr.com/photos/tiger_empress/467671978/ - slide 8

http://www.flickr.com/photos/48135670@N00/97951579/ - slide 9,12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/60158441@N00/177929708/ - slide 9,12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/andzer/1480068258/ - slide 9,12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/nickrussill/146743082/ - slide 9,12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dasha/443747644/ - slide 10,13

http://www.flickr.com/photos/11371618@N00/469788104/ - slide 10,13

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikebaird/2087879492/ - slide 10,13

http://www.flickr.com/photos/7471118@N02/432453250/ - slide 10,13

http://www.flickr.com/photos/madron/2595909135/ - slide 11

http://www.flickr.com/photos/chi-liu/491412087/ - slide 12,13

http://www.flickr.com/photos/fabbriciuse/2073789872/ - slide 16

http://www.flickr.com/photos/algo/92463787/ - slide 16

http://www.flickr.com/photos/nickwheeleroz/2295584401/ - slide 16

http://www.flickr.com/photos/andidfl/229169559/ - slide 16

Climate Matters • November 25, 2020

New Presentation: Our Changing Climate

Key concepts:.

Climate Central unveils Our Changing Climate —an informative and customizable climate change presentation that meteorologists, journalists, and others can use for educational outreach and/or a personal Climate 101 tool.

The presentation follows a ”Simple, Serious, Solvable” framework, inspired by climate scientist Scott Denning. This allows the presenter to comfortably explain, and the viewers to easily understand, the causes (Simple), impacts (Serious), and solutions (Solvable) of climate change. 

Our Changing Climate is a revamped version of our 2016 climate presentation, and includes the following updates and features:

Up-to-date graphics and topics

Local data and graphics

Fully editable slides (add, remove, customize)

Presenter notes, background information, and references for each slide

Supplementary and bonus slides

Download Outline (PDF, 110KB)

Download Full Presentation (PPT, 148MB)

Updated: April 2021

Climate Central is presenting a new outreach and education resource for meteorologists, journalists, and others—a climate change presentation, Our Changing Climate . This 55-slide presentation is a guide through the basics of climate change, outlining its causes, impacts, and solutions. This climate change overview is unique because it includes an array of local graphics from our ever-expanding media library. By providing these local angles, the presenter can demonstrate that climate change is not only happening at a global-scale, but in our backyards.

This presentation was designed to support your climate change storytelling, but can also double as a great Climate 101 tool for journalists or educators who want to understand climate change better. Every slide contains main points along with background information, so people that are interested can learn at their own pace or utilize graphics for their own content. 

In addition to those features, it follows the “Simple, Serious, Solvable” framework inspired by Scott Denning, a climate scientist and professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University (and a good friend of the program). These three S’s help create the presentation storyline and outline the causes (Simple), impacts (Serious), and solutions (Solvable) of climate change. 

Simple. It is simple—burning fossil fuels is heating up the Earth. This section outlines the well-understood science that goes back to the 1800s, presenting local and global evidence that our climate is warming due to human activities.

Serious. More extreme weather, rising sea levels, and increased health and economic risks—the consequences of climate change. In this section, well, we get serious. Climate change impacts are already being felt around the world, and they will continue to intensify until we cut greenhouse gas emissions. 

Solvable. With such a daunting crisis like climate change, it is easy to get wrapped up in the negative impacts. This section explains how we can curb climate change and lists the main pathways and solutions to achieving this goal. 

With the rollout of our new climate change presentation, we at Climate Central would value any feedback on this presentation. Feel free to reach out to us about how the presentation worked for you, how your audience reacted, or any ideas or topics you would like to see included. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS & SPECIAL THANKS

Climate Central would like to acknowledge Paul Gross at WDIV-TV in Detroit and the AMS Station Science Committee for the original version of the climate presentation, Climate Change Outreach Presentation , that was created in 2016. We would also like to give special thanks to Scott Denning, professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University and a member of our NSF advisory board, for allowing us to use this “Simple, Serious, Solvable” framework in this presentation resource.

SUPPORTING MULTIMEDIA

ENCYCLOPEDIC ENTRY

Global warming.

The causes, effects, and complexities of global warming are important to understand so that we can fight for the health of our planet.

Earth Science, Climatology

Tennessee Power Plant

Ash spews from a coal-fueled power plant in New Johnsonville, Tennessee, United States.

Photograph by Emory Kristof/ National Geographic

Global warming is the long-term warming of the planet’s overall temperature. Though this warming trend has been going on for a long time, its pace has significantly increased in the last hundred years due to the burning of fossil fuels . As the human population has increased, so has the volume of fossil fuels burned. Fossil fuels include coal, oil, and natural gas, and burning them causes what is known as the “greenhouse effect” in Earth’s atmosphere.

The greenhouse effect is when the sun’s rays penetrate the atmosphere, but when that heat is reflected off the surface cannot escape back into space. Gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels prevent the heat from leaving the atmosphere. These greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide , chlorofluorocarbons, water vapor , methane , and nitrous oxide . The excess heat in the atmosphere has caused the average global temperature to rise overtime, otherwise known as global warming.

Global warming has presented another issue called climate change. Sometimes these phrases are used interchangeably, however, they are different. Climate change refers to changes in weather patterns and growing seasons around the world. It also refers to sea level rise caused by the expansion of warmer seas and melting ice sheets and glaciers . Global warming causes climate change, which poses a serious threat to life on Earth in the forms of widespread flooding and extreme weather. Scientists continue to study global warming and its impact on Earth.

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February 21, 2024

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• ENVIRONMENT

How global warming is disrupting life on Earth

The signs of global warming are everywhere, and are more complex than just climbing temperatures.

Our planet is getting hotter. Since the Industrial Revolution—an event that spurred the use of fossil fuels in everything from power plants to transportation—Earth has warmed by 1 degree Celsius, about 2 degrees Fahrenheit.  

That may sound insignificant, but 2023 was the hottest year on record , and all 10 of the hottest years on record have occurred in the past decade.  

Global warming and climate change are often used interchangeably as synonyms, but scientists prefer to use “climate change” when describing the complex shifts now affecting our planet’s weather and climate systems.  

Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also natural disasters, shifting wildlife habitats, rising seas , and a range of other impacts. All of these changes are emerging as humans continue to add heat-trapping greenhouse gases , like carbon dioxide and methane, to the atmosphere.

What causes global warming?

When fossil fuel emissions are pumped into the atmosphere, they change the chemistry of our atmosphere, allowing sunlight to reach the Earth but preventing heat from being released into space. This keeps Earth warm, like a greenhouse, and this warming is known as the greenhouse effect .  

Carbon dioxide is the most commonly found greenhouse gas and about 75 percent of all the climate warming pollution in the atmosphere. This gas is a product of producing and burning oil, gas, and coal. About a quarter of Carbon dioxide also results from land cleared for timber or agriculture.  

Methane is another common greenhouse gas. Although it makes up only about 16 percent of emissions, it's roughly 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide and dissipates more quickly. That means methane can cause a large spark in warming, but ending methane pollution can also quickly limit the amount of atmospheric warming. Sources of this gas include agriculture (mostly livestock), leaks from oil and gas production, and waste from landfills.  

What are the effects of global warming?  

One of the most concerning impacts of global warming is the effect warmer temperatures will have on Earth's polar regions and mountain glaciers. The Arctic is warming four times faster than the rest of the planet. This warming reduces critical ice habitat and it disrupts the flow of the jet stream, creating more unpredictable weather patterns around the globe.  

( Learn more about the jet stream. )

A warmer planet doesn't just raise temperatures. Precipitation is becoming more extreme as the planet heats. For every degree your thermometer rises, the air holds about seven percent more moisture. This increase in moisture in the atmosphere can produce flash floods, more destructive hurricanes, and even paradoxically, stronger snow storms.  

The world's leading scientists regularly gather to review the latest research on how the planet is changing. The results of this review is synthesized in regularly published reports known as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports.  

A recent report outlines how disruptive a global rise in temperature can be:

• Coral reefs are now a highly endangered ecosystem. When corals face environmental stress, such as high heat, they expel their colorful algae and turn a ghostly white, an effect known as coral bleaching . In this weakened state, they more easily die.  
• Trees are increasingly dying from drought , and this mass mortality is reshaping forest ecosystems.
• Rising temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are making wildfires more common and more widespread. Research shows they're even moving into the eastern U.S. where fires have historically been less common.
• Hurricanes are growing more destructive and dumping more rain, an effect that will result in more damage. Some scientists say we even need to be preparing for Cat 6 storms . (The current ranking system ends at Cat 5.)

How can we limit global warming?  

Limiting the rising in global warming is theoretically achievable, but politically, socially, and economically difficult.  

Those same sources of greenhouse gas emissions must be limited to reduce warming. For example, oil and gas used to generate electricity or power industrial manufacturing will need to be replaced by net zero emission technology like wind and solar power. Transportation, another major source of emissions, will need to integrate more electric vehicles, public transportation, and innovative urban design, such as safe bike lanes and walkable cities.  

( Learn more about solutions to limit global warming. )

One global warming solution that was once considered far fetched is now being taken more seriously: geoengineering. This type of technology relies on manipulating the Earth's atmosphere to physically block the warming rays of the sun or by sucking carbon dioxide straight out of the sky.

Restoring nature may also help limit warming. Trees, oceans, wetlands, and other ecosystems help absorb excess carbon—but when they're lost, so too is their potential to fight climate change.  

Ultimately, we'll need to adapt to warming temperatures, building homes to withstand sea level rise for example, or more efficiently cooling homes during heat waves.  

For Hungry Minds

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• CLIMATE CHANGE
• ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION
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Global Warming Presentation Templates

Start vital discussions on climate issues with our global warming powerpoint templates and google slides themes. covering topics from greenhouse effects to disaster management, our free, customizable templates facilitate clear communication of complex environmental concerns. use our platform to inspire change, prompt engagement, and support our planet..

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What is global warming.

Global warming is the incremental increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, caused mainly by the emission of certain gases from human activities, including burning fossil fuels and deforestation.

What are Global Warming Presentation Templates?

Global Warming Presentation Templates help you to create presentations about global warming and climate change. You can explain the causes and effects of global warming and present potential solutions to the problem.

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You can use these Global Warming Slides for educational classrooms, presentations, conferences, and seminars. Anyone can use these slides for research and discussion around global warming.

How can I make Global Warming PPT Slides in a presentation?

Start by researching global warming. Understand the leading causes of global warming and how it affects the planet. Use images, diagrams, and other visuals to illustrate your points and make them easier to understand. Suppose you want to create slides by yourself. Visit Tips and tricks for detailed instructions.

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Glaciers are melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are dying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It has become clear that humans have caused most of the past century’s warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher now than at any time. Climate change encompasses not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events, shifting wildlife populations and habitats, rising seas, and a range of other impacts. All of those changes are emerging as humans continue to add heat-trapping greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely on. With concentrations of greenhouse gases rising, Earth’s remaining ice sheets such as Greenland and Antarctica are starting to melt too. That extra water could raise sea levels significantly, and quickly. In addition to sea levels rising, weather can become more extreme. This means more intense major storms, more rain followed by longer and drier droughts — a challenge for growing crops — changes in the ranges in which plants and animals can live, and loss of water supplies that have historically come from glaciers. What will we do — what can we do — to slow this human-caused warming? How will we cope with the changes we’ve already set into motion? While we struggle to figure it all out, the fate of the Earth as we know it — coasts, forests, farms, and snow-capped mountains — hangs in the balance.

The Global Warming template consists of four bright and modern slides. The first slide represents the globe with various factories and enterprises. Modern infographics allow you to immediately grab the audience’s attention. You can use this slide when preparing a report on the protection of the environment, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the transition to green technologies. The slide will be useful for ecologists and public organizations for the protection of nature. The next slide shows our planet divided into two parts – life and lifeless space. Many companies are using the planet’s resources for uncontrolled enrichment. This leads to irreparable consequences. You can use this slide to draw public attention to this issue. The next slide will be useful for companies that develop environmentally friendly equipment. You can use this slide when preparing your marketing campaign. The last slide can be used to prepare a business plan for the construction of waste recycling plants. Also, the slide can be used by the city authorities to alert the population about the need to sort waste by type. All slides of the Global Warming template are easy to edit. You can customize the slides yourself according to your needs. This template will be useful for university teachers when preparing a course on environmental protection or the impact of the greenhouse effect. The slides of this template will organically complement your presentations.

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New study finds Earth warming at record rate, but no evidence of climate change accelerating

Seth Borenstein

Associated Press

Copyright 2023 The Associated Press. All rights reserved

FILE - A woman is silhouetted against the setting sun as triple-digit heat indexes continue in the Midwest, Aug. 20, 2023, in Kansas City, Mo. The rate Earth is warming hit an all-time high in 2023 with 92% of last years surprising record-shattering heat caused by humans, top scientists calculated. (AP Photo/Charlie Riedel, File)

The rate Earth is warming hit an all-time high in 2023 with 92% of last year's surprising record-shattering heat caused by humans, top scientists calculated.

The group of 57 scientists from around the world used United Nations-approved methods to examine what's behind last year's deadly burst of heat . They said even with a faster warming rate they don't see evidence of significant acceleration in human-caused climate change beyond increased fossil fuel burning.

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Last year's record temperatures were so unusual that scientists have been debating what's behind the big jump and whether climate change is accelerating or if other factors are in play.

"If you look at this world accelerating or going through a big tipping point, things aren’t doing that,” study lead author Piers Forster, a Leeds University climate scientist, said. “Things are increasing in temperature and getting worse in sort of exactly the way we predicted.”

It's pretty much explained by the buildup of carbon dioxide from rising fossil fuel use, he and a co-author said.

Last year the rate of warming hit 0.26 degrees Celsius (0.47 degrees Fahrenheit) per decade — up from 0.25 degrees Celsius (0.45 degrees Fahrenheit) the year before. That's not a significant difference, though it does make this year's rate the highest ever, Forster said.

Still, outside scientists said this report highlights an ever more alarming situation.

“Choosing to act on climate has become a political talking point but this report should be a reminder to people that in fact it is fundamentally a choice to save human lives,” said University of Wisconsin climate scientist Andrea Dutton, who wasn't part of the international study team. “To me, that is something worth fighting for.”

The team of authors — formed to provide annual scientific updates between the every seven- to eight-year major U.N. scientific assessments — determined last year was 1.43 degrees Celsius warmer than the 1850 to 1900 average with 1.31 degrees of that coming from human activity. The other 8% of the warming is due mostly to El Nino , the natural and temporary warming of the central Pacific that changes weather worldwide and also a freak warming along the Atlantic and just other weather randomness.

On a larger 10-year time frame, which scientists prefer to single years, the world has warmed about 1.19 degrees Celsius (2.14 degrees Fahrenheit) since pre-industrial times, the report in the journal Earth System Science Data found.

The report also said that as the world keeps using coal, oil and natural gas, Earth is likely to reach the point in 4.5 years that it can no longer avoid crossing the internationally accepted threshold for warming: 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit ).

That fits with earlier studies projecting Earth being committed or stuck to at least 1.5 degrees by early 2029 if emission trajectories don't change. The actual hitting of 1.5 degrees could be years later, but it would be inevitable if all that carbon is used, Forster said.

It's not the end of the world or humanity if temperatures blow past the 1.5 limit, but it will be quite bad, scientists said. Past U.N. studies show massive changes to Earth's ecosystem are more likely to kick in between 1.5 and 2 degrees Celsius of warming, including eventual loss of the planet's coral reefs, Arctic sea ice, species of plants and animals — along with nastier extreme weather events that kill people.

Last year's temperature rise was more than just a little jump. It was especially unusual in September, said study co-author Sonia Seneviratne, head of land-climate dynamics at ETH Zurich, a Swiss university.

The year was within the range of what was predicted, albeit it was at the upper edge of the range, Seneviratne said.

“Acceleration if it were to happen would be even worse, like hitting a global tipping point, it would be probably the worst scenario,” Seneviratne said. “But what is happening is already extremely bad and it is having major impacts already now. We are in the middle of a crisis.”

University of Michigan environment dean Jonathan Overpeck and Berkeley Earth climate scientist Zeke Hausfather, neither of whom were part of the study, said they still see acceleration. Hausfather pointed out the rate of warming is considerably higher than 0.18 degrees Celsius (0.32 Fahrenheit) per decade of warming that it was between 1970 and 2010.

Scientists had theorized a few explanations for the massive jump in September , which Hausfather called “gobsmacking.” Wednesday's report didn't find enough warming from other potential causes. The report said the reduction of sulfur pollution from shipping — which had been providing some cooling to the atmosphere — was overwhelmed last year by carbon particles put in the air from Canadian wildfires.

The report also said an undersea volcano that injected massive amounts of heat-trapping water vapor into the atmosphere also spewed cooling particles with both forces pretty much canceling each other out.

Texas Tech climate scientist and chief scientist at the Nature Conservancy Katharine Hayhoe said "the future is in our hands. It’s us — not physics, but humans — who will determine how quickly the world warms and by how much."

Read more of AP’s climate coverage at http://www.apnews.com/climate-and-environment

Follow Seth Borenstein on X at @borenbears

The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org .

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Electrolux Group Sustainability Report 2023: High global warming gases phased out from 97% of products with refrigerants

Electrolux Group, parent company of AEG, has released its 2023 Sustainability Report, which reveals the company’s latest sustainability achievements and sets out the new target for the year ahead.

The report has revealed that 97% of Electrolux Group products with refrigerants had switched to gases with low global warming potential, which led to recognition in the latest UN Cool Coalition report on the cooling industry. It also highlighted that 60% of all energy used in its operations was from renewable sources in 2023.

In early 2024, Electrolux Group had its second science-based climate target approved by the Science-Based Targets initiative, after achieving its first target three years ahead of time. The new target aims to reduce the company’s direct and indirect carbon emissions resulting from its operations (scope 1 and 2) by 85% and absolute scope 3 carbon emissions (use of sold products, materials, transport of products and business travel) by 42% between 2021 and 2030.

The target is aligned with the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit average global temperature rises to 1.5°C this century to avoid the most severe impacts of climate change.

Chris George, Commercial Lead UK/IE at Electrolux Group comments, “Our sustainability performance in 2023 and our new science-based climate target approved in 2024 show that together we continue to build a better company, create better solutions and enable better living. This highlights the power of our combined people, planet and business perspectives.”

Other Electrolux Group sustainability 2023 highlights

Better company.

• 3 million meals donation target achieved seven years early by the Electrolux Food Foundation
• 98% of top 285 suppliers responded to the CDP Supply Chain Program
• Stronger processes implemented to safeguard human rights among employees and the supply chain

Better Solutions

• The company’s most resource and water efficient products accounted for 29% of total units sold and 38% of gross profit
• The AEG EcoLine selection showcased some of the Group’s most energy-efficient products in Europe, identified using a science-based approach
• In an industry first, Electrolux Group’s MaxiSpace green zone built-in refrigerator range are designed with inner liners made from 70% recycled plastic

Better Living

• Electrolux Steam Ovens use up to 20% less energy than a conventional oven by allowing lower temperature cooking
• Steam Refresh function allows consumers to refresh their clothes using up to 90% less water and 30% less energy compared to a complete washing cycle 3
• Six products for wellbeing at home won Red Dot and iF Design awards

Climate Goals

• Carbon emissions from operations (scope 1 and 2) reduced by 33% since 2021
• Carbon emissions from products sold (scope 3) reduced by 28% compared with 2021

Read the Electrolux Group Sustainability Report 2023 and In Brief version here: Sustainability – Electrolux Group

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June 3, 2024

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Centering relationships between people and place: A critical step towards improving science's contributions to society

by Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute

Slowing down the pace may not be common in academia, but it could lead to better science to support our planet through the current climate, biodiversity and social justice crises. This is one approach suggested by a diverse group of marine conservation scientists who were brought together in 2021 by the COMPASS Leaders for Sea Change Science Communication program. In a new paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) , the co-authors consider three pathways to better connect with the places they study.

Frequently, scientific expertise to address the global change crisis comes from a place of privilege. Research findings often come from the Global South but are disseminated, debated, and championed by well-funded institutions and experts in the Global North. Despite much of the science being conducted in the places most vulnerable to the pressing challenges of our times, the knowledge, histories, and Indigenous wisdom of local communities are often overlooked or undervalued by the scientific community .

The co-authors of the paper "Centering relationships to place for more meaningful research and engagement" argue that this type of knowledge "extractivism" may occur because of time, capacity, funding, or personal constraints. However, they also contend that extractive human behavior toward the natural world and each other is what has led us to our current global crises in the first place.

They argue that building relationships to places of study and their people would lead to more fair science and more accurate and meaningful research outcomes, and present three pathways aimed at building deeper connections between natural scientists and the places they study.

The first pathway is to deepen reflection and communication about relationships with places. For example, this pathway can be practiced by immersing oneself in local communities , learning about the historical and social-ecological narratives of the places of study, and allowing these experiences to shift perspectives, refine research goals and expand the societal relevance of research findings.

This pathway also encourages expanded land acknowledgements. Researchers are encouraged to seek guidance from local and Indigenous resources to precede public communications with recognition of past and present Indigenous presence in these spaces. An additional suggestion is to expand positionality statements beyond mere disclosure of personal and professional backgrounds to include a broader spectrum of influences shaping the research process , such as the geographic, socioeconomic, institutional, and cultural contexts of the scientists involved, to show where their perspectives come from.

The second pathway is to strengthen collaboration among research teams and partners, which entails building a foundation of mutual respect, trust and knowledge exchange between scientists and individuals who may be local or Indigenous to the place of research. Understanding their worldviews and expertise may lead to new ways of thinking about and relating to a place.

This pathway encourages collaboration and engagement with partners outside of academia and project co-creation with local partners, a common practice in the social sciences. This could result in research outcomes that are meaningful and transformative to those who may be impacted by research processes, improve public trust in research findings and make knowledge more accessible.

"Change must happen, and this is one way we can contribute toward a cultural shift to make the research process more equitable and relational, as a way to move away from extractive paradigms," said lead author Fiona Beaty, an early-career scientist from the University of British Columbia.

Recognizing that developing these deeper relationships to place takes time and energy, and that a majority of natural sciences institutions or research systems do not currently incentivize this type of work, co-authors of the PNAS paper propose transforming systems of knowledge creation to foster place-based roots as a third pathway.

They recommend that institutions consider restructuring training, evaluation, and funding systems throughout various career stages. A critical area would be to revise training and research opportunities within both undergraduate and graduate programs. Hiring and evaluation processes could also be transformed to encourage the development of deep relationships with places of study.

Finally, funding systems could support collaboration outside of academic systems by incentivizing public research dissemination activities and community engagement alongside traditional metrics of academic success, such as peer-reviewed publications.

"Natural science institutions throughout the world and particularly in the global north could reshape their reward systems, which impacts researchers' lives, promoting place-based and deeply rooted research," said Beaty. "It's really hard for individuals to make changes if they're constantly battling the system."

The authors also propose the development of site-based research capacity, which may look like many things; for example, empowering local scientists to lead research aligned with community needs or creating site-specific centers that employ local experts or collaborate with community organizations to produce knowledge that is tailored to their specific contexts.

"These perspectives are the result of multi-year conversations where we shared experiences among one another and recognized the outstanding value of and complications involved in genuine and impactful engagement," said co-author Katharine Bear Nalven, from Oregon State University.

Beaty hopes this paper inspires early career researchers by giving them a range of options and offering guidance. She also seeks to encourage established researchers to see how they can contribute to change within academia.

"We do not expect everyone to take up all our suggestions, because it can be overwhelming, but different people may have different entry points," said Beaty.

Ana K. Spalding, co-author and director of the Adrienne Arsht Community-Based Resilience Solutions Initiative at STRI, views this paper as a testament to the effectiveness of training programs such as Leaders for Sea Change.

"Our aspiration is for initiatives like this, focused on capacity building and leadership training, to gain momentum and underscore the significance of collaboration," she said.

Journal information: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Provided by Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute

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Hold the French Fries! Paris Olympics Chart a New Gastronomic Course.

The environment will come first as France tries to revitalize the global image of its cuisine.

By Roger Cohen

Reporting from Paris

There will be no French fries for the 15,000 athletes at the Olympic Games that open in France in July. Yes, you read that right.

In what is being called the biggest restaurant in the world — a 700-foot-long former electrical power plant at the heart of the Olympic Village — there will be no foie gras, either, but vegetarian hot dogs and quinoa muesli will abound.

Strolling the length of what is known as the nave, a light-filled vaulted space where some 45,000 meals a day will be served 24/7 throughout the Olympics and Paralympics, Stéphane Chicheri and Charles Guilloy, the chefs in charge, sang the praises of vegetarian shawarma, za’atar-spiced sweet potatoes with hummus, cabbage pickles, beetroot falafel and grilled eggplant with smoked paprika.

This is a far cry from the classic French cuisine of elaborate sauces and “enough melted butter to thrombose a regiment,” as A.J. Liebling once described a dish .

But these are 21st-century Games on a warming planet. Carbon imprint trumps cassoulet. Vegetable protein is the thing; and of course athletes have to perform in a country of a thousand epicurean delights that are no-noes to their exacting nutritionists.

“French fries are too risky because of fire-hazard concerns over deep-fat fryers,” Mr. Guilloy explained. “No to foie gras because animal well-being is on everyone’s mind, and no to avocados because they are imported from a great distance and consume a lot of water.”

So how French sans French fries can these ecological Games be?

“Don’t worry; we’ll have French cheeses, blanquette of veal but with a lightened sauce, and of course baguettes,” Mr. Chicheri said with a smile. “Athletes will even be able to learn to make bread with a master baker.”

About 500 different dishes will be served at the Olympic Village dining hall in Saint-Denis, just north of Paris. The building is itself a tribute to environment-conscious adaptation: an almost century-old power plant of wrought-iron skeleton that became a movie studio before being transformed over the past year into a giant restaurant.

The Olympic Village restaurant will open as a global campaign by the government to boost French gastronomic impact and appeal gathers pace. With some 15 million visitors expected at the games, two million of them foreigners, France itself will be on display, and in particular Paris, posing the challenge of how to energize a tradition-bound culinary culture.

This is a critical moment for French cuisine, whose pedigree is undisputed but whose image has languished. How many “likes” these days does beef Bourguignon get beside ceviche, tapas or an omakase dinner?

“We’re a country of centuries-old gastronomic tradition, but the truth is that if you have a talent and you don’t nurture it, it can fade,” Olivia Grégoire, the minister for tourism, said in an interview.

She visited New York this month to promote a new multimillion-dollar initiative designed to introduce young chefs and innovative French dishes in places that will initially include South Korea, Hong Kong, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. “Food is French soft power,” Ms. Grégoire said. “It is also hard money.”

More than 800,000 people are employed in the restaurant business in France, and the gastronomic sector, including wine and spirits, generates more than $55 billion a year in revenue.

In few countries is the ritual gathering around a table as important. In even fewer is pride so intense in the varied produce of “terroirs,” particular parcels of land with their own soil and climate, from the Alps to the Atlantic and from Normandy to the Mediterranean.

“The finest gastronomy is in our DNA; it’s a reference for all students of haute cuisine,” said Alain Ducasse, one of the most acclaimed French chefs who has been chosen to cater the July 26 Olympics opening dinner for heads of state, at which the chef has been asked to serve beef.

“But there is a new international challenge and we have been slow to be part of it,” he said. “Talent is everywhere. We need to wake up to that.”

With 34 restaurants, and 18 Michelin stars, in Europe, Asia and the United States, Mr. Ducasse is no slouch, and there are other French chefs, like Jean-Georges Vongerichten and Daniel Boulud, who have successfully seen the world as their market.

But even as French cuisine has changed — adding fusion touches to old dishes in ways that have spawned the “néobistrot” and introducing “le sharing” as a shockingly novel way of eating — its image has scarcely changed.

In this context, the repertoire at the Olympic Village could be an important game changer. There will be six “grab-and-go” outlets, Asian cuisine, Afro-Caribbean dishes, vegetarian shawarma, hamburgers (meat, vegetarian or a combination of the two), Middle Eastern food and halal cuisine. Kosher food will also be available on demand.

Patatas bravas will probably be the closest anyone gets to French fries.

Two fully fledged French restaurants are planned — but without such classics as steak tartare, blood sausage or choucroute. Wine, of course, is off limits because in the end the point of this 46,000-square-foot emporium with 3,623 seats is to ready athletes for top performance.

The other point is to underscore that France takes its environmental responsibilities seriously.

The French Olympic authorities banned throwaway cutlery and plates. They have not banished trash cans from kitchens, as some Paris restaurants have, but they do demand a zero-waste culture. Some 80 percent of ingredients will be French, and 25 percent from within 155 miles of Paris. Halving the carbon imprint of the Tokyo or London Olympics is the target.

The French company organizing this vast catering enterprise is Sodexo Live, a branch of the Sodexo company, which employs 420,000 people in food services and facility management worldwide. Sodexo Live, which has catered 15 Super Bowls as well as 36 Roland Garros tennis tournaments in France, knows its business, but the scale of this challenge is unique.

“We are hiring 6,000 people. Our aim is that everyone should feel at home and that we marry the nutrition an athlete needs with gastronomic pleasure,” Nathalie Bellon-Szabo, the chief executive of Sodexo Live, said in an interview.

To that end, three much-lauded chefs have been chosen, each of whom will appear for a couple of days every week at the Olympic Village and prepare the creative dishes that France wants the world to know better.

They are Alexandre Mazzia, who grew up in the Democratic Republic of Congo and has a restaurant in Marseille, AM, that bears a strong African influence and three Michelin stars; Akrame Benallal, who grew up in Algeria and runs Restaurant Akrame, a Paris restaurant with one star and some astonishing combinations of flavors — crab with gray shrimp and coffee, for example; and the French-born Amandine Chaignot, whose Café de Luce serves some of the most succulent frogs’ legs in the capital.

“French cuisine is emancipating itself. It has realized the need to change,” Mr. Mazzia, 47, said. “For me French cuisine is now multicultural, with different roots and spices, lighter, allied to a savoir-faire we must preserve.”

Mr. Benallal, 42, calls himself an “architect of taste,” forever sketching the presentation of new dishes because he believes “we eat first with our eyes.” His red and white quinoa muesli, topped with Parmesan, a little mascarpone and some smoked yogurt is typical of the inventiveness that has brought him a wide following.

“French cuisine is sometimes seen as boring,” he said. “It’s not boring. It’s singular. My restaurant is a cabinet full of curiosities, and that is what I will bring to the Games.”

As for Ms. Chaignot, 45, she has prepared a poached-egg croissant with artichoke cream, goat cheese and truffles to be eaten on the go at the Olympic Village. Another creation is a chicken dish with langoustines.

Even in a changing culinary world there are some constants. What, I asked her, defines French cuisine today?

“Butter is France,” she said. “And France is butter.”

Roger Cohen is the Paris Bureau chief for The Times, covering France and beyond. He has reported on wars in Lebanon, Bosnia and Ukraine, and between Israel and Gaza, in more than four decades as a journalist. At The Times, he has been a correspondent, foreign editor and columnist. More about Roger Cohen

Inside the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics

News and Analysis

Seeking to undermine the Paris Olympics, Russian propagandists  are spoofing broadcasters and mimicking French and U.S. intelligence agencies to stoke fear about security at the Games.

Ahead of the Olympics, the global agency tasked with policing doping in sports is facing a growing crisis  as it fends off allegations it helped cover up the positive tests of elite Chinese swimmers .

Undocumented workers played a larger and more dangerous role  in delivering the Games than the Macron administration acknowledges.

A Guide to the Games

More ‘Open’ Signs: With millions of visitors expected in Paris, many shopkeepers, bakers and restaurateurs are forgoing their annual summer vacations .

A New Gastronomic Course: In the Olympic dining hall near Paris, carbon imprint will outweigh cassoulet as chefs consider the environmental impact of French cuisine. There won’t even be French fries .

Escaping the Games: Even if you’re visiting France for the Games, you may want to take a cultural break like a local. Here are some suggestions .

•   Tuesday, June 4, 2024

Watts Up With That?

The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change

Almost All Recent Global Warming Caused by Green Air Policies – Shock Revelation From NASA

From the DAILY SCEPTIC

BY  CHRIS MORRISON

The world of climate science is in shock following  extraordinary findings  from a team of high-powered NASA scientists that suggest most of the recent global temperature increases are due to the introduction of draconian fuel shipping regulations designed to help prevent global warming. The fantasy world of Net Zero is of course full of unintended consequences, but it is claimed that the abrupt 80% cut in sulphur dioxide emissions from international shipping in 2020 has accounted for 80% of global warming since the turn of the decade. Although the extra heat is described as “transient”, the warming is extraordinary and is expected to rise during the 2020s at a rate of 0.24°C a decade, 20% higher than the claimed warming trend since 1980.

The news is likely to cause considerable concern among the mainstream climate hoaxers in media, academia and politics. They have had a field day of late by pointing to rises in temperature as evidence for their evidence-free prediction that the climate is in danger of imminent collapse. But the NASA scientists, working out of the Goddard Space Flight Centre, predict a trend of rising temperatures due to the IMO2020 regulations going forward, and state, “the 2023 record warmth is within the ranges of our expected trajectory”.

The science behind the NASA findings, which have been published in  Nature , is simple. Fewer fuel particles injected into the atmosphere reduce cloud droplet density and this leads to clouds that reflect less solar radiation back into space. As the scientists note: “IMO2020 effectively represents a termination shock for the inadvertent geoengineering experiment through a reverse marine cloud dimming through reducing cloud droplet number concentration.” In the course of their work, the team calculated large particle reductions in major shipping routes in the North Atlantic, the Caribbean Sea and the South China Sea.

The NASA paper is likely to be fiercely contested, not least because it blows holes in all the attribution pseudoscience attempting to blame recent temperature rises and individual weather events on human-induced increases in carbon dioxide. Already the climate activists at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact say the observation period  is too short , and man-made greenhouse gases continue to play the decisive role in climate change. Much of this thinking, that provides the ’settled’ science base for the planned Net Zero collectivisation, is supported by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The IPCC promotes the view that almost all climate change since around 1900 is caused by the activities of humans. This unproven opinion looks shakier by the day. The NASA scientists have forced the issue of particles, or aerosols, to the centre of the climate debate, although there are other explanations for the recent rise in temperatures. These include a now departing strong  El Niño , and possible changes in the upper atmosphere caused by the huge injection of water by the early 2022 Hunga Tonga submarine eruption.

The  El Niño  effect is well known and strong past oscillations, which involve global transfers of heat from oceans to the atmosphere, have shown short-term temperature spikes. As the current  El Niño  declines, to be likely replaced in short order by the cooling effects of a  La Niña , there are signs that sea temperatures are falling. It will be up to the scientists to fight it out over what has played a more significant role in recent temperature rises – aerosols or  El Niño  – with some backing for third place Hunga Tonga. Moving further out in the betting – odds lengthening all the time, it seems – is the inventive notion that humans control the overall climate by burning hydrocarbons. What is clear, of course, is that climate is impossible to predict. The recent temperature rise is tiny and well within the natural variation seen across all known and reliable records. When it comes to making political decisions about human society, computer models that claim to replicate and forecast future climate trends need careful examination, while in the hands of powerful people with wrongheaded or even sinister agendas they are potentially dangerous.

The effect of the Hunga Tonga eruption continues to intrigue some scientists, although their curiosity is not reciprocated by the all-in mainstream CO 2  promoters. Recently a team of Australian climatologists used the eruption, which increased the amount of water vapour in the stratosphere by up to 10%, as a ‘ base case ’ for further scientific work. Working out of the University of New South Wales, they reported that volcanoes blasting water vapour – a strong if short-lived ‘greenhouse’ gas – into the high atmosphere, “can have significant inputs on the climate system”. In fact they found that surface temperatures across large regions of the world could increase by over 1.5°C for several years, although some areas could cool by up to 1°C.

Yet more fascinating, conflicting and debatable climate science that under no circumstances should be drawn to the attention of the general public.

Chris Morrison is the  Daily Sceptic ’s   Environment Editor.

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Sorry, but what the **** is a “high-powered scientist” ?

One that uses lots of fossil fuels, maybe!

“could increase by over 1.5°C for several years, although some areas could cool by up to 1°C.”

That’s a pretty big barn… even using a scatter gun and blnidfolded. !

What happens to the huge amounts of water and CO2 released by the large jet planes into the upper atmosphere?

This plus the clean air acts following the cooling after WWII and the rise from the LIA could easily be the cause of our pleasant warming period

No. The cause is GHGs. Removal of aerosols removes an artificial cooling.

“ The NASA paper is likely to be fiercely contested, not least because it blows holes in all the attribution pseudoscience attempting to blame recent temperature rises and individual weather events on human-induced increases in carbon dioxide.”

That is a heavy spin. What they say, quite clearly, is that the warming is due to anthropogenic GHGs. What they also say is that this had been masked by marine aerosols, which have now been reduced.

They say: “ Human activities affect the Earth’s climate through modifying the composition of the atmosphere, which then creates radiative forcing that drives climate change. The warming effect of anthropogenic greenhouse gases has been partially balanced by the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols.” 

The whole of the AGW scam is “heavy spin”

You must be really, really dizzy by now.

Yes. They say humans reduced the masking, you are correct. Ergo humans caused the temperature rise.

I doubt you meant to be correct, but by George, you did it!

… it blows holes in all the attribution pseudoscience attempting to blame recent temperature rises and individual weather events on human-induced increases in carbon dioxide … … That is a heavy spin.

No it it isn’t, what Chris Morrison posted is perfectly accurate. For heavy spin see the WMO: ‘Climate change indicators reached record levels in 2023 … … The state of the climate in 2023 gave ominous new significance to the phrase “off the charts”‘ or UN Secretary-General Guterres: “Sirens are blaring across all major indicators… Some records aren’t just chart-topping, they’re chart-busting” or WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo: “The WMO community is sounding the Red Alert to the world.”

It is perfectly clear that the 2023 jump in the global average temperature due tp a combination of natural factors is being shamelessly exploited to intensify absurd climate alarmism that is totally unwarranted.

Reduced sulfur in ship bunker fuel has lowered cloud cover, hence caused warming, since 2020. Effect was delayed by pandemic related reduction in shipping.

Clouds used to follow ship tracks. S created cloud condensation nuclei.

The sad thing is that the media will simply ignore this and move to the next weather related highlight put in context w ‘climate change’. The ignorant public will still be unaware and doubts surpressed. But i still hope that at some point a pivot towards realism will happen. We are too far off atm. Unsettled times makes people hanging on to certainty even if that certainty might be false. They want to feel comfortable and trust the majority, or ‘settled’ science..

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