graduate school writing sample

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How to choose a writing sample for graduate school

If you’re serious about pursuing a post-bachelor’s degree, it’s never too early to start gathering all the materials you’ll need. Most programs will ask you to submit one of the following: an essay response to a prompt or a writing sample. If you’re in need of guidance on the latter, keep reading for advice on how to select and prepare an impressive writing sample for your graduate school application.

We gathered expert insight from Dr. James R. Martin, an associate professor and assistant director of interdisciplinary leadership at Creighton University. Dr. Martin has reviewed hundreds of applications throughout his career, so consider his advice about what makes a great graduate school writing sample. But first, it’s important to understand the purpose of this application element.

What is a writing sample for grad school and why is it important?

Writing samples are a key part of most grad school applications. They show the admissions committee the quality of your previous work and demonstrate interest and proficiency in your chosen field.

According to Dr. Martin, reviewers are generally evaluating samples for the following criteria:

• Solid writing skills : Is all spelling and grammar accurate? Is it free of typos?
• Organization and clarity : Is there a logical flow to the ideas presented? Is the purpose of the sample clearly identified and accomplished?
• Critical thinking : Does it demonstrate a thorough understanding of the topic, including consideration of alternate theories or approaches? Are all claims backed by reliable research?
• Consistent citations and references : Have sources been properly cited throughout the work? Do all citations have a corresponding reference?

How to choose a writing sample for grad school

Some schools don’t specifically state what kind of writing sample they are seeking. In that case, it’s best to err on the side of academic work. Some common writing sample examples include essays, dissertations, theses, journal articles, capstone projects or research papers. If possible, you want to submit a piece that demonstrates your proficiency in analyzing a topic in the same (or related) field as the program for which you are applying.

There are some professions and corresponding graduate school programs that accept work-related writing samples, such as white papers, policy briefs, news articles and grant applications. If you’re pursuing higher education in marketing, communications, public relations, public policy or other similar fields, these could be good writing sample ideas.

However, Dr. Martin cautions prospective students to vet their choices carefully. If you do send in materials you wrote for work, make sure you’re the only author — and write a secondary note explaining the context and authorship. After all, reviewers are evaluating you , not your team.

How long should a writing sample be?

There’s no simple answer for this question, as the target length depends on the program you’re applying for. The importance of reading and following all of the instructions carefully throughout your application cannot be overstated.

If your desired school doesn’t state specific requirements, Dr. Martin advises choosing an academic paper. Or better yet, you can take the initiative to reach out for clarification.

“Most departments have a director of graduate studies or admissions specialist who would be happy to have a conversation,” he says. “This interaction could end up working in your favor down the line.”

Components of a good graduate school writing sample

Now that you know how you will be evaluated and what kind of sample to submit, you need to make sure your work is as polished as possible. Whether you choose an academic paper or other professional work, apply these writing sample tips before submitting:

• Have someone you trust read it and provide feedback that you can choose whether or not to implement. 
• Run the entire paper through a spelling and grammar check multiple times. You could also consider using a free tool like the one available at Grammarly.com .
• Make sure there are no typos, formatting discrepancies, comments or tracked changes, run-on sentences, repeated paragraphs, etc., in the final version.
• Rename your document to include important information that will make it easier for busy admissions staff to find. (Try using the following example: Writing sample_Name of applicant_Title of paper or project.)
• •Make sure your citation style is consistent and correct throughout the entire document.

Your writing sample format will vary depending on the type of sample you choose. But if you are submitting an academic paper, make sure it contains all of the following sections, at minimum:

• Introduction
• List of references

Craft a solid grad school application

With the tips stated above, you should have everything you need to begin choosing and refining your writing sample for graduate school. If you’re still not feeling confident, take the following advice to heart:

“Remember that the writing sample is just one piece of your application, and we evaluate it as a whole,” Dr. Martin shares. “As a Jesuit school we strive to meet people where they are. We want to help them succeed.” Now that you have some writing sample examples and advice, you can focus on other important elements of your application. Check out our article “ How to Secure the Best Letters of Recommendation for Grad School .”

If you’re looking for a high-quality and best value graduate school program, review the requirements for Creighton University by visiting our How to Apply page .

Considering grad school?

Regardless of where you are in your journey, our admissions advisors are ready to help you take the next step.

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Graduate School

Writing Sample

Some degree programs require uploading a writing sample with the admission application in the space provided. Please be sure to review the document before uploading and submitting the application. Writing samples should be written in English unless otherwise noted. The page limit does not include bibliography or title page. The Graduate School has no specific formatting requirements; however, each department or program may have set their own. An applicant may upload a revised version of the writing sample before the deadline. After the deadline, no revised documents will be accepted.  

For any questions about the writing sample, please contact the department or program directly. Prior to submitting, please review file upload requirements .

Requirements

If a writing sample is required, it will be listed in the degree program’s requirements on the fields of study page. Also, the online application will prompt you to upload a writing sample only if it is required by the department or program you have selected. 

Writing samples are required for the following:

Anthropology : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Architecture (Ph.D. only): At least three samples of written work, no page limit. Please save as one file and compress; file size is limited to under 25 MB.

Art and Archaeology : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum, plus illustrations up 10 MB.

Classics : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Comparative Literature : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

East Asian Studies : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Economics : Sample of written work, 25 pages maximum

English : Sample of written work, approximately 25 pages

French & Italian: Sample of written work, 25 page maximum, preferably in French

German : Sample of written work, circa 20 pages

History : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

History of Science : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Musicology : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Music Composition : Sample of written work recommended, 25 page maximum

Near Eastern Studies : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Philosophy : Sample of written work, 5,000 to 10,000 words

Politics : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Population Studies : Sample of written work recommended, 25 page maximum

Religion : Sample of written work (9000 word maximum) that is relevant to the proposed academic subfield

Slavic Languages and Literature : Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Sociology: Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Spanish and Portuguese: Sample of written work, 15-25 page essay on any literary and/or cultural topic, written in Spanish or Portuguese

The Princeton School of Public and International Affairs (Ph.D.): Sample of written work, 25 page maximum

Guide To Writing Your Grad School Admission Essay

Updated: Jan 2, 2024, 5:46am

You’ve made a big life decision: applying to grad school . The transcripts are ordered, the letters of recommendation requested, and the interview is on the books. Now you just have to complete what might be the hardest part: write the perfect grad school admission essay. How do you get started? What should a grad school admission essay include? Follow our guide below to get started.

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What Is a Statement of Purpose for Grad School?

A grad school college essay , otherwise known as a statement of purpose, is a required part of the grad school admissions process that tells school officials who you are, your academic and professional interests, and how you might contribute to the program.

A statement of purpose should generally be between 500 and 1,000 words, but check with your individual program for length, font size and spacing preferences.

Why Does It Matter?

Most graduate schools require a statement of purpose as part of the application process because it allows them to learn more about you in a personal way and decide if you will be a good fit for the program.

Applicants should convey that they have a decent amount of experience in their desired field of study and will be successful in a graduate school program. If there’s anything lacking or missing in your GPA or transcripts, you can briefly address it in your statement of purpose and explain why it won’t be an issue. Schools also like to see that applicants are resilient and can overcome challenges, so bring up any personal anecdotes that pertain to that as well.

What Makes a Good Personal Statement?

A good personal statement should include information about your work and academic experience. It should be detailed but concise. Your statement also provides a chance for you to share a personal side of yourself with the admissions committee, explain why you’d be a good fit for the program and showcase how you could add value if accepted.

Shows You’re a Good Fit for the Program

Above all, your personal statement should demonstrate that your interests would fit in the program and that you would do well there. For example, if applying to a master of business administration program, you might want to talk about your undergraduate studies in business, internships with high-profile companies, past jobs you’ve held, or even future entrepreneurial ideas that you’re passionate about.

Demonstrates How Well You Handle a Challenge

Graduate school is no easy task, and admissions officers want to know that you’re up for the challenge. Talking about other times in your life when you’ve struggled but persevered through hard work and dedication can assure school officials that you’ll rise to the occasion at their program if given the chance.

Indicates How You Respond to Criticism

Receiving positive and negative feedback is important, especially in an environment of growth like grad school. Including experiences like rewriting a paper after getting a bad grade or stepping it up at a job after getting tips from a boss can show an admission committee that you’re able to hear hard things and learn from them.

Exhibits Open-Mindedness and a Desire to Learn

Convey that you’ve had previous academic success, while also admitting that you still have more learning and growing to do. Admissions departments often find these qualities appealing when assessing candidates.

How To Write a Strong Admission Essay

You’ve researched and brainstormed, but now it’s time to actually write the admissions essay. Make sure your personal statement is strong and stands out by understanding the prompt, outlining your essay, including a clear thesis statement, personalizing your essay and making it relevant to your desired program.

Understand the Prompt

Most schools will want to know about your academic and professional experiences as well as how you will add value to the program. However, every program and application is unique and your school might have a unique prompt or specific questions they want you to answer in your statement of purpose. Be sure to read the prompt carefully several times so you answer all of the questions it asks.

Outline Your Essay

Before you start writing, make a plan for your personal essay by creating an outline. Not only will this make the writing process easier and faster, but it will help you thoroughly address the prompt in a clear and cohesive way.

Include a Clear Thesis Statement

A thesis statement is the central idea or argument of your personal statement. Essentially, your thesis statement should preview the arguments for why you would be a good candidate for a particular program.

Personalize Your Essay

Applying to veterinary school? Be sure to include your lifelong love for animals or your time spent working in an animal shelter. Or perhaps you’re pursuing graduate studies in psychology. Experience with, say, a peer counseling program in high school or college, will help you stand out. The point is to make your essay so personal it only could have been written by you.

Make It Relevant

Admissions officials for a healthcare administration program will be perplexed if you talk about the time you set up a lemonade stand as a child. Similarly, a graduate engineering program probably isn’t too concerned about your recent dance recital. Make sure the information you include in your personal statement is relevant to the program and school you’re applying to.

Finalizing Your Grad School Admissions Essay

After writing your statement, it’s time to perfect and refine it before you attach it and click submit on your application.

Edit the Essay

Now it’s time to edit. Editing is different from proofreading as it focuses on structural changes and even content revisions. Read the prompt again. Make sure you’ve addressed all questions asked by your program. Then, look at the structure. Try reading it out loud. Does the information flow in a way that makes sense? Are there parts that should be moved up or down? Could sections be cut and new parts added?

Proofread for Grammar, Punctuation and Style

Run a spelling and grammar check in Microsoft Word or Google Docs. You can even use a program like Grammarly to make sure your personal statement is free of typos and errors and adheres to the formatting required by your application.

Get Feedback From Peers and Mentors

Fresh eyes will only improve your writing. Ask classmates and professors to read your personal essay and provide you with feedback. They might see something you missed or have ideas for ways to improve. Make sure you give any readers enough time to go over your personal statement before it’s due.

Revise as Needed

Writing is really all about editing and rewriting. No one gets it right on the first try and sometimes not even on the second try—don’t be afraid to revise your statement of purpose as needed before your grad school application deadline.

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Ryah Cooley Cole is an award winning writer and a high school English teacher based on the Central Coast of California. She is most interested in bringing diverse stories to her readers and students.

How to Pick a Grad School Writing Sample

If you’re looking to take your academic career to the next level, no doubt you know that a key factor in getting into grad school is showcasing your writing abilities. Writing samples are arguably the most important part of showing off just how talented and capable you really are – but knowing how to choose the best sample for those applications can feel like an impossible task!

Don’t worry; this guide will walk you through every step necessary so that when it comes time to send in those applications, you’ll have confidence knowing that each sample you put forward is your absolute best work.

What is the point of the grad school writing sample and why does it matter?

An integral factor of your graduate school application is often the writing samples you provide; they give evidence to the admissions committee of your potential and enthusiasm for your target field. This reflects not only on your academic aptitude but also on how well-versed you are in that particular subject matter.

A writing sample is also a great way for admissions committees to get an idea of how you can contribute to the graduate program. It demonstrates your capacity to engage with innovative concepts, present your research clearly and concisely, build upon current trends within the field, and articulate compelling arguments or theories. By assessing your academic writing and critical thinking proficiency, the faculty seeks to select candidates who possess the necessary abilities to thrive academically. Moreover, they want assurance that you can be properly mentored throughout your educational journey.

When assessing samples, reviewers usually consider the following criteria:

• Structure and clarity : Is the essay’s structure sensible and cohesive? Does it clearly articulate its purpose and successfully achieve it?
• Critical outlook : Does the work display in-depth insight into the subject, including analysis of other theories or methods? Are all assertions supported with reliable evidence and research?
• Methodological apparatus: Have all sources been accurately cited throughout the paper? Are there corresponding references attached to each citation?
• Writing skills : Is every single word spelled correctly and are all the sentences grammatically flawless? Are there any oversights when it comes to typos or missed words?

(If you are wondering if you have selected the right graduate program for you? Watch this quick video where I break down mistakes to avoid.)

How to pick the right grad school writing sample

Despite applying to several graduate programs within the same domain, various universities require different lengths when it comes to writing samples. Some may ask for as many as ten pages while others permit up to twenty. Before fine-tuning your writing samples and refining them, be sure that you have already carefully considered the places where you would like to apply. In certain cases, more than one sample may even be asked for. Put in the effort beforehand so you can save yourself time later! Taking the time to ensure you understand all of the expectations for your writing sample up front will save you loads of time down the line!

No need to write something new!

A writing sample for your application is usually taken from a paper or thesis you wrote and was evaluated by college professors, whether it be at the undergraduate or graduate level. Whether it is an excerpt from a master’s thesis or a senior capstone class, any publication that reflects thoughtful consideration of key concepts in the field and meets the maximum length requirement can make you stand out. If you earned a top grade for your paper, it is already in excellent shape and can be submitted as-is. However, to make the paper even better, you may want to incorporate feedback from your grader into its structure or answer any questions that were left unanswered. You should also take this opportunity to add new citations if necessary – just don’t go overboard with modifying the project!

Creating an entirely new writing sample specifically for your application can be a burden if you don’t have the luxury of getting feedback from a professor, or even worse – take away precious time that could otherwise be spent preparing other parts of your application like the statement of purpose. Therefore, it is best to avoid creating something from scratch unless absolutely necessary. As long as your paper is well-written (and graded accordingly), you can submit a piece from a different discipline or one with an out-of-date subject/conclusion. The selection committee’s primary focus is on evaluating your writing, research, and analytical capabilities rather than the topic of your upcoming degree program. Therefore, if your best paper fits this bill even if it doesn’t directly relate to what you’ll be studying – go ahead and send it in.

Pick a grad school writing sample that reflects the writing you will be required to do in your program

When a school fails to give clear instructions (and they often do!), it is advisable to present an academic writing sample such as an essay, dissertation, journal article, or research paper. The focus of your submission should be in line with the major you are applying for. Doing so will highlight your aptitude for analyzing and exploring ideas within that particular field.

If you want to be considered for a research-based graduate program, such as a Ph.D. or Master of Science, your writing sample should illustrate your aptitude for producing research papers. If you are applying for any program other than creative writing or journalism, you should demonstrate your academic abilities and engagement in ideas by submitting an appropriate piece of written work. Choose a paper that was assigned to you as part of coursework rather than essays, memoirs, blog posts, or newspaper articles. Consider the research you have done and your accomplishments in your field, then select an example that reveals how adeptly you can analyze a great deal of information as well as introduce innovative concepts.

Your writing sample should not simply reiterate the already established research. Instead, showcase your own ideas and arguments while maintaining awareness of where they fit in an existing conversation within your field. Provide sufficient context to show that you understand how academics can guide you as a researcher, writer, and scholar – but also demonstrate why you have what it takes to be an influential member of the research community.

For professional programs like an MBA or MPA degree , an ideal paper would demonstrate skills like crafting business case studies and policy analysis respectively. When submitting your application for a Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing, make sure to include the best creative writing sample you have. For those applying to Journalism programs, it would be most beneficial to send along a long-form journalistic article that accurately reflects the type of work expected during graduate studies; don’t submit anything that isn’t reflective of what will be taught and is required!

If you are seeking to obtain a graduate school degree in marketing, communications, public relations, public policy, or other related areas of study and have work-related writing samples such as white papers, policy briefs, news articles, and grant applications submitted then this could be an excellent option for you. However, exercise caution when creating your portfolio. If you choose to include content that was written for work purposes, ensure it is solely authored by you and accompany the piece with a separate explanation regarding its origin and authorship. Keep in mind that reviewers are judging and assessing you as an individual!

How long should my grad school writing sample be?

There’s no simple answer to the question, as the target length depends on the program you’re applying for. The importance of reading and following all of the instructions carefully throughout your application cannot be overstated.

If your institution doesn’t provide specific instructions, opt for a scholarly essay. Even better, get in touch with the department to ensure you’re on track! Most departments have experienced directors of graduate studies and admissions specialists who are more than willing to help guide you through this process. Moreover, this experience could prove an invaluable asset when you apply for the program later on.

Don’t exceed the maximum word limit

When submitting a writing sample as part of your graduate school application, it is important to respect the word limit specified by the institution. This is because admissions officers often have hundreds or even thousands of applications to read and evaluate. Sticking to the word limit demonstrates that you can follow instructions, work within constraints, and present yourself clearly and concisely – all important skills for success as a graduate student. Furthermore, if you go over the word count, this could make it difficult for someone who has limited time to review your entire piece. By respecting the word limit given and crafting a concise yet meaningful piece of writing, you are more likely to stand out in the minds of admissions committee members!

Which part of your honors thesis or master’s thesis should you send as a sample if you have a word limit?

When selecting a sample from a long piece of writing, such as a thesis, to send for graduate school admissions, it is important to carefully consider the kind of content you are sending. Your sample should reflect your writing abilities, research interests, and expertise in a specific field. Choose a section of your writing that you are particularly proud of and that demonstrates both your knowledge and writing skills in a meaningful way. It is also beneficial to include a short introduction that outlines the focus, purpose, and aims of your writing to help the admissions team gain a better understanding of the context and scope of your writing.

Depending on the program, you may want to select a part of your thesis that specifically pertains to the focus of the graduate school. For example, if you are applying to a program in literature, you may want to submit an analysis of a text or a comparison between two texts. When selecting the content, be sure to pick something that demonstrates your knowledge of the subject and your ability to think critically about it.

Tips Before Sending

Before submitting your work, whether it be an academic paper or other form of professional sample, make sure that you put in the necessary effort to ensure that your final result is as polished and perfected as possible. To do this effectively, follow these steps:

• Invite a person you trust to review your work and offer their thoughts, which you can then choose whether or not to incorporate.
• Thoroughly proofread your paper several times to ensure all spelling and grammar are correct.
• To ensure your writing is flawless, check for any typos, formatting errors, comments or tracked changes, run-on sentences and duplicated paragraphs.
• Optimize your document by renaming it with essential details that make it easier for busy admissions personnel to locate. For instance, you can use a format such as: Writing Sample_Name of applicant_Title of paper/project.
• Ensure that you utilize a consistent and accurate citation style throughout your document for optimal results.

Ensure your academic paper is comprehensive by including all of the following sections as a minimum: an introduction that set the topic, a cohesive body, a clear conclusion, and references.

After taking the time to find the best grad school writing sample for grad school, you are now ready to take your next step and apply with confidence. You should feel incredibly proud of yourself for reaching this milestone. This process takes hard work, dedication, and a willingness to evolve and improve your writing. As you continue through this journey, remember that you are always capable of infinite growth– and often there is great comfort in seeking guidance from an expert who can provide valuable insight and direction. If you’re looking for supportive advice or a professional opinion on any part of the application process, consider signing up for a free consultation today. It’s never too late to take steps toward realizing your dreams; congratulations on embarking on this amazing journey!

With a Master’s from McGill University and a Ph.D. from New York University, Dr. Philippe Barr is the founder of The Admit Lab . As a tenure-track professor, Dr. Barr spent a decade teaching and serving on several graduate admission committees at UNC-Chapel Hill before turning to full-time consulting. With more than seven years of experience as a graduate school admissions consultant, Dr. Barr has stewarded the candidate journey across multiple master’s and Ph.D. programs and helped hundreds of students get admitted to top-tier graduate programs all over the world .

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The Writing Sample for Graduate School

Applying to graduate school and choosing academic writing that showcases your academic excellence can be challenging. Don’t worry! Although your writing sample is crucial, it doesn’t need to be perfect. It should effectively communicate, demonstrate your potential for advanced academic work, and importantly, show your ability to specialize in a program’s field of interest. We offer tips to help you select the best writing sample for your graduate school.

Use an Appropriate Professional Style Guide

Your writing sample should show topical expertise, but also an understanding of professional research. Find the standard style guide for your chosen field, and make sure it’s applied consistently–not just citations, but also any formatting for cover pages, pages numbers, and bibliographies.

Keep it Relevant

Select a sample that closely reflects your areas of potential interest. This means the sample with the highest grade may not be the best. It may be worthwhile to revise a B+ paper and use it a writing sample if it’s more relevant to the field you want to study than that A paper from a different academic area.

Take your time!

If there’s no obvious pick that’s OK. Don’t rush when selecting a writing sample. Instead, take some time to review your options–pick something that will make an impression on the admissions committee, and don’t be afraid to revise. You may be tempted to write something new for submission – this is almost always a bad idea. Remember that previous work has been written for a reason and has likely seen feedback from trusted advisors.

Make Sure it is Free of Errors

As already hinted, you may need to edit the sample you choose. Remember you want to express your professional readiness for advanced studies with your writing sample, so triple check for typographical and other errors before submitting it with your application package.

Follow the Instructions!

ay close attention to any requirements set out for you application materials, and make sure you meet the required length. Typically, you don’t want to exceed them either–more is not always better. Remember that graduate applications are also about showing that you can follow directions.

Structure and Organization Matter!

Academic writing should be a well written with a concise beginning, clear middle and an effective end. Make sure that each part of your essay is clear, compelling, and, well, present in your writing sample. Even the most brilliant ideas and research get lost in a poorly structured essay.

Showcase Your Research Skills!

This can take different forms depending on your field. If you’re applying to an experiment-driven program in physics or sociology you may need to demonstrate your grasp of research best practices in field. In a scholarly program such as history or literature you may need to demonstrate a meaningful grasp of research with primary documents, or applying specific methodologies in analysis.

Demonstrate Your Critical Thinking

A strong writing sample showcases your critical thinking skills, which means evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of a prevailing view and drawing conclusions based on evidence. Your writing should engage with existing work in the field. In the writing sample, you show the reader what you already know and what questions you want to explore.

Reveal Yourself as an Effective Communicator

Finally, choosing a well-written academic paper for your application involves communicating complex ideas effectively, whether your own or others’ (with proper attribution). The best samples balance engaging with existing ideas and introducing your own. This balance is crucial for grad school success, offering a chance to showcase this skill and engage your reader through your writing sample .

Graduate Admissions Support

In conclusion, we know that applying for graduate school can be a stressful process. We’re here to help you navigate the ups and downs. Check out more helpful tips and articles demystifying graduate school admissions on our blog . Looking for help with your application essays? We have samples of real Personal Statements that got people accepted to graduate programs – with our expert feedback to help you write your essays.

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Writing Samples & References

Tips for writing samples.

• Do not submit a writing sample unless it is specifically requested. If you are unsure, reach out to the employer and ask.
• Follow the application instructions. Most employers will specify how many pages they would like for you to submit. Best practice is to demonstrate your ability write professionally by discussing a relevant topic to the position or program for which you are applying.
• If they do not specify length, submit 2 to 5 pages of writing, double-spaced. You may use an excerpt from a longer document. Mention at the top of the first page that you are submitting only a selection from a longer document. Be sure to specify what the prompt was.
• Whatever writing sample you choose to submit should represent your best writing. Be sure to re-check your work for style, grammar, and substance to be sure that it is the best possible representation of your writing.
• Typical samples include: academic papers; policy briefs or memos; news articles; blog posts or web content; or press releases.
• Clearly label your submission with an appropriate title and origin (if necessary).
• If providing hard copies, use resume paper and/or put them in a presentation binder.
• If you are planning to submit a paper, consider meeting with the professor for whom you wrote the original paper for additional feedback and suggestions.
• Remove any privileged or sensitive information.
• Do not use anything too old.
• Submit only your own work. Be sure to cite your sources (A short bibliography does not usually count towards your total number of pages.)

Tips for Your Reference List

• Generally, references should not be listed on a resume anymore--they should be on a separate document. Employers will expect you to have a list of references and typically request the list once you advance to the interview stage.

Before submitting a list of references to an employer:

• Ask permission to use a person's name and contact information to be listed as a positive reference. Ask how they prefer to be contacted.
• When considering your list of references, identify 3-5 individuals who know you well enough to validate your personal attributes such as integrity and passion and can attest to your academic or professional strengths. These could be past supervisors, professors, coaches, or advisors--do not call upon friends or family.
• Follow the employer's instructions for the number of references requires and the types of people they would prefer to contact.
• Unless indicated otherwise, include a minimum of three professional references.
• List references in order of importance or applicability.
• You can add a "relationship line" for each reference in order to help the employer understand the context of your interactions.
• Be sure to send your resume and a copy of the job description to your references. Consider setting up a brief conversation to discuss why you are interested in this position and the employer.

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Writing Samples for Graduate Schools

Most graduate schools will ask for at least 5-10 pages of writing samples. Writing samples show what kinds of documents you can produce and the strength of your writing.

If a graduate school asks for a specific kind of writing (such as analytical) or a specific kind of document (web content, journal articles, instruction set, etc.) make sure to include those kinds of documents within your writing samples. Many schools will ask you to submit writing that demonstrates your analytical or critical thinking skills.

You can also include other writing samples that relate to your field of interest or demonstrate your strongest skills. Include at least three documents so the graduate school can get an idea of the kinds of documents you can produce. Include a variety of documents rather than three of the same kind of document. If you have an online portfolio, it never hurts to include the link.

Writing samples can come from a number of different places and contexts. Documents you’ve created in class are perfectly acceptable to submit. If you have documents from a job or professional setting that you feel adequately show your strengths related to the graduate program, don’t hesitate to use them. You can also use documents you’ve created for clubs or organizations you’re involved in. Writing samples can come from any experience you’ve had, but make sure they relate to the program or show your writing skills and strengths.

Writing Sample Documents

• Analytical reports
• Website content
• Journal articles
• Published works
• Instruction sets
• Posters/flyers
• Press releases
• Campaign proposals

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How to Prepare a Creative Writing Sample for Graduate Programs 

By Luisa Banchoff

If you’ve ever applied to an academic program before, you’re probably familiar with the long checklist of items comprising the application: CV, personal statement , references, and a number of technical forms to fill out. Those of us applying to graduate programs in the arts will also be familiar with an additional requirement: the creative writing sample. 

When I was applying for master’s programs in screenwriting in early 2021, the “sample of creative work” was by far the most intimidating box on my checklist. I was not alone in my apprehension, as I’d soon discover when discussing the application experience with my peers at the London Film School which I ended up attending. Many of us felt that our talent as writers would be judged solely by only a few pieces of our work and that our entire application was riding on that judgment.

While it’s true that writing samples are a significant part of applications to writing programs, putting one together doesn’t have to be an overwhelming experience. Whether you’re hoping to pursue a degree in prose fiction, poetry , journalism, screenwriting, playwriting, or another medium, here are some tips to help you curate your creative writing sample.    

8 Tips for Crafting a Winning Creative Writing Sample for Graduate Programs

Read the specifications carefully.

Before you start perusing your body of work for pieces to submit, it’s important to know what exactly you are being asked for in a writing sample. This may vary from program to program; when I was applying to UK-based screenwriting programs, each of my writing samples was slightly different, with some schools asking for a single short film script, others asking for excerpts from a longer script, and many asking for brief pitches for additional film/TV ideas.

You’ll want to make sure your sample is tailored to meet the requirements of each of the programs you’re applying to – which means you’ll likely have several versions of your sample, each fine-tuned for the admissions committee that will read it. Make sure you know the type of pieces each application is looking for and the preferred page and/or word count for each piece. Refer back to these specifications before you submit to ensure everything is in order.  

Choose which pieces to submit

Now that you’ve taken stock of the writing sample requirements, it’s time to do the same for your own writing. The good news is that most writing samples will not ask you to submit more than several full-length pieces, so this is an opportunity for you to showcase the very best of your work. The following tips are some factors to consider when choosing which pieces to include:

Embrace your strengths as a writer

As a rule of thumb, it’s a good idea to submit the pieces you feel most confident about, the ones that immediately come to mind when you think of your best work. For many, their strongest pieces are the ones that reflect their interests as a writer. Love writing gritty, social realist dramas? Romantic comedies? Sci-thrillers? Whatever your passion, submit the pieces that reflect it the most clearly. At the same time, it’s a good idea to identify pieces that stand out for their originality and strong personal voice. Ask yourself: which idea feels like it is uniquely yours? Which piece could only you have written? Which piece would you like the admissions committee to remember you by?

You should also consider which pieces exemplify your technical skills as a writer. These are typically the most polished pieces, the ones that have gone through multiple drafts and that you’ve already received feedback on. If you’re thinking of submitting a fairly new piece, consider having a few trusted readers look over it. If you’re struggling to identify the piece that best exemplifies your writing skills, it’s always helpful to ask your proofreader(s) which one they’d go with!

Exhibit your creative range

The strongest writing samples showcase a writer’s strengths and passions as well as their creative range. Admissions committees like to see that you have explored multiple subjects, genres, and themes in your storytelling, especially if you’re planning on entering a creative industry in which you will be commissioned to write on topics not of your own choosing. You will most likely be asked to submit more than one piece for your sample, or one complete piece and several outlines/summaries, so why not use the space to flex as many creative muscles as you can?

If your strongest pieces center around the same type of character and/or topic, don’t feel that you have to switch them out simply for the sake of variety. If you do choose to go this route, however, you may get asked about it in your interview, so make sure you have a good explanation for why you have chosen to explore similar ideas in multiple pieces.

Carefully consider the program and institution

It’s worth considering the specific character of the program you’re applying to when choosing your pieces. It goes without saying that you should submit pieces in the medium of the program you’re applying to – poems for poetry degrees, articles for journalism, scripts for screenwriting and playwriting, etc. (On occasion, you may come across exceptions to this rule; one screenwriting program I applied to accepted prose short stories if the applicant was unable to submit the required script pages; this kind of exception will be stated explicitly in the application requirements.) But you should also think about the program itself: what style/genre are they most known for, and how does your writing fit in with that?  

I applied to several screenwriting programs, some with a reputation for drama writing, others more for comedy. The film school I ended up attending had students writing across all sorts of genres, though it was focused on live-action (rather than animation) and narrative (rather than experimental) storytelling. Had I submitted scripts written solely for animation, the admissions committee would probably have wondered if I was the right fit for their institution.

  In a similar way, you should ensure the pieces you submit in your writing sample are within the boundaries of the genre(s) your program specializes in. Of course, this too is a balancing act: you shouldn’t pass over your best work to submit pieces you think the admissions committee will like more. When in doubt, go with your gut – just make sure that you’ve got a fairly good idea of the program you’re sending your work off to.  

Choose pieces you enjoy talking about

If you are lucky enough to advance to the interview stage of an application, you may be asked to discuss one or more pieces from your writing sample, so make sure you submit pieces you’re happy – and excited! – to talk about. You may get asked why you chose to include a specific piece in your sample, what inspired you to write it, and how it showcases your strengths and interests. If you haven’t done so already, it’s a good idea to reflect on these questions and practice your answers as part of your interview prep. 

Go back to your personal statement

If you’re still struggling to decide which pieces to include, it can be helpful to take a moment to reflect on who you are as a writer. Why is storytelling so important to you? What makes your personal voice unique among your peers? What do you hope readers will gain from your work?

You’ve probably already reflected on some of these questions in your personal statement. Read it over again – it can be a great reminder of all the things that fuel your creativity. With this in mind, go back over the pieces you’re considering for your creative sample, and ask yourself which most strongly reflect your creative values and aspirations. Remember, graduate programs are looking for writers who exhibit not only originality and technical skill in their work, but also authenticity in their creative choices.    

Put on the finishing touches

So you’ve chosen your line-up of pieces and are fantasizing about hitting the submit button? Here are some final steps to make sure your pieces are ready for the admissions committee.

Proofread, proofread, proofread

When it comes to spelling and grammar, you want to be just as thorough with your creative pieces as you would for a personal statement or CV. Even small mistakes can throw off a reader, so make sure you’ve gone over your work with a fine-toothed comb before sending it off.

It always helps to get an extra pair of eyes (or two, or three) to look over your work, as other readers will pick up on things you’ve overlooked. Reach out to a few trusted friends and/or family members and be specific about the type of feedback you’d like from them – whether it’s a simple spelling and grammar check or feedback on the content of your writing sample as a whole. If you’re not used to sharing your work with others, this could be a great time to give it a go – especially since you’ll be doing it on a daily basis as part of your graduate study!  

Don’t forget the formatting

It’s important to be mindful of the big picture when piecing together your writing portfolio, but don’t lose sight of the details! Some applications might give formatting specifications for your writing sample – document type, margins, font size, etc. Others will use a submission portal with fields for you to type up and/or past your writing into directly. Whatever the case, it’s always a good idea to carefully read through the application requirements several times while you’re putting together your sample – and definitely before submitting! If specifications are omitted, it’s best to keep things simple on the page: default margins, 11 or 12-size font, and standard font.

While putting together your writing sample may seem like just another box to tick off for your graduate application, with any luck, you’ll get to the point where it feels like a creative exercise in itself, shedding new light on who you are as a writer. There’s no right way to go about curating your sample, and some of the tips outlined above may be more useful to you than others. It’s ultimately up to you to decide how you want to present your work. When in doubt, try taking a step back and reflecting on what you want to convey about yourself as a writer: what kinds of stories do you like to tell, and why? You’ve no doubt been asked this question many times before; after all, making the decision to apply to a graduate program in writing often involves a lengthy discernment process – and answering a fair share of questions from curious friends and family members along the way! The writing sample is both a testament to that journey and a stepping stone to the next stage of it, and it’s also a pretty impressive piece of writing in its own right.

Seeking creative opportunities? Check out our list of 44 Fellowships for Creative Writers in Any Stage .

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Related Posts:

• How to Choose a Writing Sample for Your Graduate School Application
• 9 Tips for Applying to Film School
• 5 More Powerful Personal Statement Openings of Fellowship Winners
• Fully Funded PhD Programs in Creative Writing
• How to be Authentic in Your Personal Essay

Graduate School Application Tips , Luisa Banchoff

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• Writing Sample
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A writing sample is required for all programs. Some programs may have specific requirements when submitting a sample; please check the department’s website for further information.

The writing sample is not a paper written specifically for your application but a written work submitted for either a grade or publication. The preferred paper to submit is one closely related to the field of study you wish to pursue in the Division. Departments prefer single-author papers, and should you submit an item with a collaborative work, all writers’ names should be included with your name highlighted, along with a memo explaining your contribution to the work.

PhD programs strongly prefer a singular writing sample. MA programs also prefer a singular, cohesive work; however, they will accept two shorter argumentative papers.

The writing sample must be in English. Multiple writing samples must be combined into a single pdf before upload.

The writing sample should be 20 to 30 pages for PhD programs, or 15 to 20 pages for MA programs, excluding bibliography or appendices. Writing samples longer than 30 pages are read only at the discretion of the departmental review committee. Applicants who would like to submit longer samples such as an M.A. thesis are strongly encouraged to provide an excerpt shorter than 30 pages, and which includes a one-page coversheet contextualizing the excerpt within the larger body of work.

We do not set a requirement for formatting or font; however, applicants are encouraged to use one of the common academic formatting styles in their field (APA, Chicago Manual of Style, MLA, etc.).

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Writing Sample

In the humanities, the writing sample is just as crucial, if not more crucial, than the statement of purpose. Therefore, an applicant should place considerable importance and a great amount of effort into producing a writing sample. In general, admission committees evaluate an applicant's ability to synthesize ideas, concepts, or theories, and logically take a stand and argue them. Faculty would like to admit potential graduate students whose intellectual abilities and curiosity are highly advanced and are evident in the writing sample. They want to see that the student has mastered a foundation of the discipline, is able to intelligently query new areas of scholarly opportunity, or has contributed to the scholarly foundation with new research. Please consider the following items when contemplating your writing sample.

• Identify the criteria you must follow for each program to which you will apply.  Whatever the criteria, follow them exactly. That is, if the length can be no longer than 15 double-spaced pages, then do not submit more than 15 pages.
• Do not lift a chapter from a senior or master's thesis or a previously written paper without reworking it.  You must rework a paper or chapter to conform to the requirements of the program to which you are applying. Be sure that your writing sample is self-contained, with an introduction, body and summary, and is not dependent upon other work to be fully understood.
• Do not submit multiple writing samples unless it is allowed.
• Consider your topic.  Although many programs indicate that the topic is not important, too often students submit writing samples on "tired" topics. If you plan to submit a writing sample on a subject, such as Shakespeare, be sure that it is a really new, fresh approach, or that it incorporates cutting-edge research or criticism.
• Submit your writing sample in English, unless another language is permitted.  For some disciplines, such as Italian studies or German, a writing sample in one of these languages may be acceptable, but you must follow the guidelines of the department.

Resources for Writing in the Disciplines

The resources in this section address a range of writing issues, from general concerns across disciplines to specific and concrete concerns of individual disciplines. You will find writing samples from many campus graduate programs along with guidance for writing specific types of texts such as literature reviews. 

If you have feedback or would like to add resources to this section, please contact  Dr. Linda Macri , Director of the Office of Writing Initiatives.

Note: The Graduate School provides these resources as an aid to graduate students, but does not endorse any product or service featured on third-party websites. The materials on this site do not supersede the writing requirements of individual programs. The institutions and authors credited hold all applicable copyrights to the work featured. This material cannot be reproduced without the author's permission.

Arts and Humanities Resources

Writing about books, music, film, and history.

Writing in the Humanities and Arts http://gsrc.ucla.edu/gwc/resources/writing-in-the-humanities-and-arts.html#introductionstowritinginthehum   This annotated bibliography surveys texts about writing in the Humanities.

Conquering the Humanities Conference

Presenting Conference Papers in the Humanities http://www.cgu.edu/pages/864.asp   Claremont Graduate University Writing Center This nicely laid-out article covers the abstract submission stage through the actual presentation, providing tips for maintaining depth of subject matter without sacrificing clarity.

From Making a Case to Making a Case Analysis

Writing in Specific Fields http://www.cgu.edu/pages/794.asp   The Claremont Graduate University Writing Center offers a series of articles highlighting the main themes and structures of writing in humanities and social science disciplines.

Social Sciences Resources

Research funding advice from the source.

On the Art of Writing Proposals https://www.ssrc.org/publications/the-art-of-writing-proposals/ This Social Science Research Council guide covers the absolute “musts” for a social science proposal and offers tips on creating a document that will set your research apart.

Read This Before You Submit

Checklist for Manuscript Submission (APA) http://cirt.gcu.edu/documents/researchlibrary~2/checklistformanuscriptsubmissiondocx   Grand Canyon University, Center for Innovation in Research and Teaching Consult this checklist before submitting an APA style article or manuscript. The short document covers APA formatting guidelines from references to margins.

Poster Bored No More!

Developing Poster Presentations in the Social Sciences http://writingcenter.gmu.edu/resources-template.php?id=52   George Mason University Writing Center This PowerPoint from the George Mason University Writing Center iguidessocial science students through the basics of constructing a poster presentation, including presenting in-depth data while maintaining visual clarity.

Coding Decoded

Atlas.ti http://www.atlasti.com/   Some students have found this software helpful for coding qualitative data. Costing approximately $99, it includes unlimited colored and filtered codes as well as multitasking capabilities for storing and coding data.

Say Goodbye to the Pedal

HyperTranscribe http://www.researchware.com/products/hypertranscribe.html   Some researchers use this software to transcribe interviews more efficiently. Costing approximately $79, it allows the interviewer to transcribe, listen to audio, and control audio via shortcut keys all within the same window.

Translating Data

Data Analysis and Evaluation http://cirt.gcu.edu/teaching/resources/sswriting/analysisevaluation   Grand Canyon University, Center for Innovation in Research and Teaching Grand Canyon University, Center for Innovation in Research and Teaching This guide illustrates language and structure that turn research data into clear and engaging prose. The article also provides examples of effective as well as ineffective phrasing.

Science and Engineering Resources

Grant advice from the source .

The National Science Foundation provides instructions  for crafting an NSF Grant proposal. In addition to helping with grant proposals, the article will help scientists and engineers to use the NSF Grant format for other academic documents, such as the dissertation proposal.

Even More Grant Advice from the Source

The National Science Foundation provides  these longer-form instructions  for crafting an NSF Grant proposal. The guide walks readers through stages from initial structuring to submission.

NSF Proposals that Work

This accessible article  helps writers craft a winning NSF proposal. Shorter than the NSF guide, it is more advisory than instructional.

Why We Write

This article  from American Scientist provides an overview of the philosophy that drives scientific writing. It reminds writers that the primary goals are clarity and attention to audience.

Voice Lessons

These basic articles  review the importance of developing the "scientific voice" in your writing and break down scientific papers into such components as the methods and results sections.

Engineering Reports (and How Not to Engineer Them)

The Purdue University Online Writing Lab  (OWL) provides many documents and services, including this comprehensive guide to writing reports in the engineering fields. It overs all the basics, from notes on content and design to examples of how not to write reports.

Building Presentations, Building Confidence

This article  provides advice on conference presentations specifically for researchers in the hard sciences and is especially helpful for scientists struggling with shyness or a lack of public speaking experience.

IMRaD Cheat Sheet

Follow  this advice  as you write your abstracts.

Your LaTeX Home Base

This site  serves as a kind of LaTeX home base, providing instructions on how to install LaTeX, troubleshooting resources, and news forums.

The Three Faces of LaTeX

These .zip files  are designed to help you put documents into three common LaTeX formats. The site also includes a list of journals and transactions compatible with each format.

LaTeX made (a little) Easier

This free download  allowing you to produce LaTeX documents in a more user-friendly interface. The site also provides thorough instructions on how to operate TeXnicCenter.

LaTeX made (a little) Easier II

WinEdit  is a free shareware program that allows users to work within the LaTex format while inputting work in a more user-friendly interface.

LaTeX made (a little) Easier III

Some students find  this software  to be a helpful resource for writing documents in LaTeX format. Costing $180, the software allows you to create LaTeX documents in an interface that mirrors the style of programs such as MS Word

Capturing Your Sources in BibTeX

Alexander Feder’s tutorial site  will walk you through how to use BibTeX, the tool that organizes references for LaTeX formatted documents. The site also includes links to tools that can convert your BibTeX bibliographies into different formats.

Capturing Your Sources in BibTeX II 

Dorothea Francis Ann Brosius (Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics at UMD) provides  a succinct guide  to using BibTeX for writers keeping track of references in LaTeX.

Writing Samples

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Whether you are applying for a job, internship, or to graduate schools, you may be asked to provide a writing sample. Writing samples allow an employer or graduate program to judge your ability to convey a written message and should be taken seriously.

When choosing a sample, consider the writing style that you will be using at your job, internship, or graduate program. Writing samples can come from your coursework and/or work experiences. Typical samples include:

• Academic papers
• Policy briefs or memos
• Published articles
• Blog posts or web content
• Press releases

The purpose of a writing sample is to demonstrate your ability to write professionally and clearly. When selecting your sample, try to find one that is relevant to the position or program for which you're applying. Where possible, your sample should reflect the organization's style and tone. Don’t hesitate to revise your writing sample as needed.

Many employers will specify the desired length of your writing sample. If no desired length is given, choose a writing sample that is two to five pages long. If you'd like to highlight a section of a longer paper, be sure to include your best two to five page selection. To provide context to the reader, you should start the sample with a brief paragraph about the topic of the paper and the course for which it was written.

Spelling and Grammar

There are no excuses for spelling or grammatical errors in a writing sample. Be sure to proofread the entire piece and have a trusted friend, colleague, or reliable software check your work.

• If you don’t provide a writing sample when required, your application may be considered incomplete and discarded.
• Select your best writings or revise those that have good potential (e.g., your “B”- graded papers).
• Make sure your writing sample is appropriate and relevant to your reader (your targeted employer, or targeted grad program). If you don’t have one, create a new piece.
• Do not use your high school writings, not even award-winning ones.
• Provide your own work. If you have relevant writing prepared as group/team projects, select only those excerpts that you authored. Describe the context of the sample in a brief note prefacing the writing sample.
• If you cited works in the sample, include the bibliography.
•  Make sure that your sample has a clear title. Don’t forget to put your name on the byline.

• Graduate School

How to Write an Effective Statement of Intent

While most students have heard of a personal statement or statement of purpose, not many can accurately describe what a statement of intent is. This grad school admissions requirement is subtly different from the other “statement” essays you may be familiar with. It is most often requested as an application component for research intensive master’s programs. It typically centers around a cohesive narrative of the applicant’s research interests, experiences, long-term goals, and what they intend to study in grad school. You’ll need to tailor your essay to ensure you meet the unique requirements for this application component.

In this blog, our grad school essay tutors reveal what a statement of intent is, how it differs from a statement of purpose for graduate school , and how to write and structure your statement of intent. You can also check out a sample statement of intent for graduate school.

>> Want us to help you get accepted? Schedule a free strategy call here . <<

Article Contents 16 min read

What is a statement of intent.

A statement of intent, sometimes called statement of interest, is one of the many written essay-style components requested during the higher education admissions process to help admissions committees understand the applicant better. Specifically, a statement of intent is something you’ll need to write to get into grad school . Not all master’s programs ask for it. It is typically requested in addition to the statement of purpose or as an alternative to the statement of purpose. Research-intensive programs most often favor this type of statement. In this essay, they are looking for applicants to expand on their research skills, research experience, and specialized interests.

A statement of intent is, at its core, a functional document with an implicit argument. It serves a very specific purpose and has a singular theme: explaining how your research or career interests align with the features of the program you’re applying to.

It’s important to understand the difference between a statement of purpose and a statement of intent, especially if you need to submit both during a single application cycle. It’s easy to mix up these two essay components! They have a lot of overlap in terms of their content, presentation, and format. Both ask applicants to focus on their research interests, describe why they are interested in a specific field, expand on relevant past academic/professional experiences, and explain their long-term career goals. Admissions committees evaluate both of these statements to assess specific skills and qualities: communication skills, research skills, scientific literacy, problem solving, intellectual curiosity, teamwork, and leadership potential.

Despite these similarities, there are certain factors that differentiate a statement of intent and statement of purpose. The key difference is the scope. A statement of purpose is more general, focused on your overall suitability for the program. A statement of intent is more specific and detailed, focused on your intention to make use of actual features of the program. Statement of intent prompts often ask you to talk about which faculty members you want to work with, what program faculties you wish to use, etc.

The way you discuss your experiences is also different in each of these essays. In a statement of purpose, you can discuss your overall research vision, and connect your past experiences to your long-term career goals. While you can certainly do this in a statement of intent as well, you need to take it one step further. Programs actually expect you to use this essay to expand on the specific skills you gained through past research experiences and connect them with program details like curriculum, preferred departments or modules, faculty members, on-going projects, etc.

The statement of intent actually works as a base template for your research proposal. Many students opt to use their statement of intent to develop their research proposals later in their career. As it’s extremely detailed, some programs even opt to use it in lieu of an interview. On the other hand, some programs refer to your statement of intent as a kind of blueprint to structure your graduate school interview questions . You can expect questions that directly reference the ideas and experiences you’ve discussed in your statement of intent. That’s why it’s so important to be confident about and committed to the ideas you discuss in your statement of intent.

Are you working on your statement of purpose and looking for tips? Check this out:

The structure of your statement of intent is very important as it serves to build a coherent progression of experiences. In this type of essay, you need to provide specific, technical details related to your research interests and experiences, while also telling an engaging narrative that logically builds to the conclusion of you applying to grad school. The key to achieving this balance is creating an effective essay structure.

Start by creating an outline of your essay that is centered around your basic thesis or main point. Return to this thesis periodically to ensure you’re not straying from it as you structure your essay.

Add the following paragraphs:

Introduction:

The first paragraph should immediately grab the reader’s attention and set up a clear framework for the rest of the statement. Unlike, say, a medical school personal statement , or college essays , we don’t recommend starting with an “anchor” story or incident. Since this is a more functional document, including dramatic personal details or childhood memories would only end up clouding the key message of your statement. It’s better to go with a more straightforward introduction that succinctly sets up the main thesis. You can opt to make your introduction more engaging by adding a quote or referencing a specific book or mentor who inspired you; having said that, make sure any external references are always relevant to your actual research interest and further your central argument. Critically, make sure you don’t forget to introduce your research topic, the name of the school you’re applying to, as well as the name of the specific program/department in the very first paragraph.

Body Paragraph 1/2/3/4/5

Next, you can add 1 to 5 main body paragraphs (depending on your word count) where you build a foundation of your research work, interests, experiences, and goals. Each paragraph should be clear, concise and informative. There are certain critical content targets you should keep in mind as you write these paragraphs:

Address the prompt and talk about the specific aspects of the program you\u2019re interested in, such as faculty members you\u2019d love to work with. "}]">

Your conclusion should include a concise statement of your key qualifications and unique suitability for the program. Touch upon how you’ll make use of your time at this school, and how that will help you in your long-term career goals. Reiterate your interest in their specific program.

The word count for a statement of intent can vary from school to school, but it generally ranges between 250 to 1000 words. You should tailor your statement as per your specific word count requirements.

Top Tips for Writing Your Statement of Intent

Keep these tips in mind to write an outstanding statement of intent that effectively communicates your research strengths.

Develop your central research thesis

If you’re applying to grad school, then you probably already have some idea about the kind of research you want to specialize in. If you’re having trouble formulating this idea or condensing it down for your statement of intent, try using the following strategy to structure your thinking and organize your thoughts in a more logical flow. Break down your research interest into three levels, as follows:

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As we mentioned above, your statement of intent needs to be very specific and must reference the programs you’re applying to. Some schools even provide a specific prompt asking you to talk about which faculty members you want to work with, what sub-department you want to study under, and so on. Make sure you do the required research about what the school and the program have to offer so you can accurately reference this information in your statement. To begin with, you should check the program websites. If they don’t provide enough information, we recommend you reach out to alumni, professors, and current students to learn more.

Find out about the credentials of faculty members, their previous published work, their on-going projects, etc. Check the range of facilities that the school is offering, such as equipment, labs, and academic resources, as well as unique research or clinical experience opportunities. Don’t neglect the extracurriculars such as student support groups, prestigious clubs, and other opportunities that you won’t get on any other campus.

While you’re doing this research, make notes about how your own strengths connect to the unique features of the program. Do you have skills that could be particularly useful for an on-going research project? Do you have past research experience in the same topics that a faculty member is an expert in? When you’re actually writing the statement, these notes will help you to explain not only what you have to offer to the program, but also how you can use this program to further your long-term professional or academic goals.

Looking for a summary of our top tips for writing an effective statement of intent? Check out this infographic:

Follow the guidelines

As you begin your writing, ensure that you review all the guidelines that the school has provided and are closely adhering to then. For example, if there’s a prompt, go through it a few times, and make sure you are responding to the spirit as well as the letter of the prompt. Other considerations you should keep in mind include the maximum and minimum word count, the specific format, and “recommended” stylistic guidelines. For example, some schools ask you to write a formal statement that includes academic citations of works to support each of your research arguments along with references to works that have inspired you. You’ll have to customize the presentation, format, and content of each statement of intent to meet these kinds of specific requirements.

Tell a story with your experiences

It’s very important to remember that your statement of intent, though it is a more technical and functional essay, should not be merely a dry summary of facts, similar to a CV for grad school . Instead, you should write a logical and engaging narrative of the achievements and experiences that led you to your research goals, and how they connect to the program you’re applying to. Add details of your skills and commendable qualities backed up by actual experiences that demonstrate your passion and enthusiasm for the subject. Admissions committees are always more impressed by “proof” of abilities i.e., they want applicants to show them their journey, not merely tell them about it. For example, instead of merely saying that you have an extensive knowledge of bio-chemical reactions in banana enzymes, identify the specific research experience where you honed this knowledge, and explain the circumstances in your essay. If it was a research project, then provide details about the project name and supervisor, as well as your own role in the project and the daily tasks you performed.

Check out this video for tips on writing your CV for Grad School:

Don’t clutter your statement of intent with too many experiences and achievements. Always keep referencing your central thesis and evaluating if a specific experience will add to your overall narrative or not. After you’ve worked out your central thesis, spend some time analyzing all your academic, research, volunteer, extracurricular, employment, and life experiences. Select 2 to 5 of the most suitable experiences that align with both your research interests and the program admissions criteria and add only those. If you have numerous such experiences to choose from, we suggest prioritizing current or recent experiences.

As you’re discussing each experience or achievement, be specific and detailed, and provide all the relevant information including the names of supervisors, a detailed list of your duties, and so on. You can also make your statement of intent more robust by referring to a wide variety of sources as your research “inspiration”, including classes, academic conversations, workshops, lectures, seminars, books, as well as the more typical experiences of volunteering, work, or research.

A useful tip: make sure you’re adding transitory statements at the end and beginning of each paragraph, to build that logical flow and connect one experience or idea to the next. If you think your essay is looking too dry or CV-like, this is one quick fix you can try in order to narrativize your experiences.

Since a statement of intent is a more formal document written for a very specific purpose, ensure you are using professional/academic and formal language and, if required, you can use technical terms to explain your research ideas. Your evaluators will most likely be professionals from the same field, and they actually expect you to show your expertise in that specific area.

At the same time, avoid using long, complicated sentences. Make sure you use your authentic voice and keep your tone as natural as possible. Thoroughly check your essays for grammar, spelling, clarity of thought, logical flow, and coherence.

Remember that your statement of intent is very different from a personal statement. As we mentioned previously, it’s more formal and has a very specific focus. The admissions committee is expecting to see a coherent autobiography of your academic or professional interests and experiences. That should be your focus – you should only refer to personal information as it relates to the larger context of your academic experiences. For example, avoid telling stories from your childhood about your early interests or including details about life events that shaped you, unless they are strictly relevant to your research journey.

This isn’t the right platform to expand upon excessively personal issues such as an illness or major life changes. You can briefly touch upon these topics or weave them into your professional narrative, if it makes sense. For example, if your grades took a serious dip in a specific period due to personal circumstances, you could choose to briefly address that. But don’t make such incidents the central thesis of your statement of intent. Focus on skills, abilities and contributions, and your inspiration and motivation to pursue research. Rather than expanding on irrelevant childhood details, expand on your professional, academic, and personal connections to the program and school you’re applying to.

Avoid cliches and focus on facts

You don’t need a high-level research “break-through” or nationally recognized academic or research award to make your statement of intent stand out. Many students turn to cliches such as “I want to make the world a better place” or “I just want to help people” to hide what they perceive as insufficiently impressive experiences. In fact, no matter what your past experiences, it’s much better to focus on covering the facts, rather than evoking sentimental cliches to make your experiences seem grander than they actually are. Admissions committees aren’t expecting you to have advanced achievements beyond your level – the whole point of applying to grad school is to get the opportunity to do that level of work.

So instead of worrying about the “quality” of your experiences, focus on ensuring that your essay effectively discussed your best skills and true capabilities. Spend some time self-reflecting about what you learned from your academic, professional, and extracurricular experiences, how they contributed to your journey to grad school, what new skills you developed, what obstacles you overcame, and so on.

Write multiple drafts and seek feedback from experts

A statement of intent requires a little more intensive writing and editing than your typical admissions essays and statements. We suggest sharing your essay with subject matter experts such as research supervisors, faculty members, and other academic mentors who can give you their detailed feedback about the technical aspects of your statement. Their suggestions can help you refine your essay and identify ways to differentiate your thesis from others.

If you’re sure about the technical content of your essay, but need help with the writing, flow, coherence, grammar, and other such stylistic elements, consider getting expert help from a graduate school admissions consultant . These consultants have worked with numerous other students and can help you improve your written communication skills with proven strategies that work.

Whether or not you engage the help of experts, make sure you ask at least 1 other person to review your statement of intent once, even if they’re just a friend or family member. Remember, after going over the same content over and over again for days and weeks, visual fatigue sets in. A fresh pair of eyes can spot small errors and mistakes that you might have missed.

Sample Statement of Intent

Here’s a sample statement of intent for your reference:

Program/School : Clinical Psychology Masters at Ryerson University

Prompt : Describe your reasons for pursuing graduate study in the Psychology program, your research interests, how your previous studies and experiences have prepared you for the program, as well as your career objectives and how the graduate degree will advance them. (500-1000 words)

Statement of Intent:

“What is the ticking mechanism of the human mind? How can we truly know it?”

Professor Donaldson’s words from my very first Intro to Psychology class sparked my interest in the world of clinical psychology. Following my curiosity rewarded me with the discovery of my central academic passion in life – developmental psychology and its applications for adolescent females. Today, I hope to enroll in Ryerson University’s Clinical Psychology program so I can further explore my research interests and channel them towards my long-term goals of becoming a research-psychologist, combining clinical psychology practice with research experience to make new discoveries in this area. I believe my undergraduate education has prepared me to undertake advanced research projects and I would be an excellent candidate for your program.

My initial interest in psychology at the beginning of my freshman year soon led me to take on advanced psychology coursework, targeted personal reading, and extra credit projects. I soon built up a strong foundational base in the concepts of General Psychology, Behavioral Psychology, Social Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Abnormal Psychology, and Psychology of Gender Roles. When completing the last course during my sophomore year, I found that I had a strong academic interest in the intersections of gender theory and clinical psychology. I was simultaneously completing a Psychological Assessment Tools course to hone my clinical lab skills. The confluence of these two courses helped me synthesize my special interest in understanding and addressing the biases in classic psychological assessment tools and analyzing their impact on incorrect diagnosis, failed treatments, and rate of relapse in impacted patients, especially women. That was when I decided that I wanted to improve my research skills so I could eventually complete advanced studies in this area.

A statement of intent is an autobiographical summary of your research interests and experiences, with an emphasis on how the program you’re applying to can help you achieve your goals. Some schools provide specific prompts for their statement of intent, asking students to describe aspects of their program they would most benefit from. A statement of intent is a more formal and functional document than your typical admissions essays, and usually only research-intensive master’s courses request this type of essay in your application.

While these two admissions essays have a lot in common – for example, they are both research-focused and help admissions committees evaluate your academic and professional credentials for their program. However, a key difference between them is the scope. A statement of purpose is more general, focused on your overall academic, professional and/or extracurricular experiences and your long-term career goals. A statement of intent is more targeted and detailed, with a clear focus on your specific research interests. In your statement of intent, you must reference the programs you’re applying to, and explain at length how you can contribute to them and which of their offerings most attract you.

This depends on the specific requirements of the program you’re applying to. Generally, a statement of intent has a prescribed word count ranging from 250 to 1000 words. Even if there’s no maximum word count provided, we recommend not exceeding 900 words. While you need to explain your research interests in detail, remember that this essay is not a research thesis and doesn’t need that level of scientific enquiry.

Your statement of intent should have the following structure:

• Introduction : This should clearly set out your central thesis and reference your research interests and the name of the program/school you’re applying to.
• Main body paragraphs : You can add 1 to 5 body paragraphs to discuss the details of relevant experiences and achievements, key skills and qualities, and your specific interest in the program you’re applying to.
• Conclusion : Here, make sure you reiterate your research thesis, and call back to the program/college name. Provide a clear statement of why you think you are a uniquely well-suited candidate for their program.

To write an impressive statement of intent, you’ll have to spend sufficient time researching the facilities and features of the program and school you’re applying to, analyzing your own research interests and skills, and coming up with a central “thesis” that aligns the two. Include details of multiple experiences, achievements, awards, and activities to support your claims and prove your passion and suitability for a specific research area. Avoid including irrelevant personal details or cliches, and instead focus on creating a logical flow of experiences leading to your current application.

No, your statement of intent must be tailored for each program you’re applying to. That’s the whole point of a statement of intent – it explains why you’re well-suited to a particular program, and how you intend to use their resources to further your research interests. If you don’t refer to their unique offerings and instead just provide a general summary of your research interests, admissions committees will not be able to gauge why you’re a good fit for their program.

No, not all graduate programs ask for a statement of intent. Some ask for an additional statement of intent along with a personal statement and/or statement of purpose, while others only require the statement of intent. You should check the admissions websites of the schools you’re applying to learn more.

We recommend that you spend at least 6 weeks writing your statement of intent. This will give you sufficient time to refine your central “research thesis”, analyze your history of experiences to identify the most suitable ones, write and edit multiple drafts, and seek out feedback from expert reviewers.

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ITABANA, BLESSING EFFIONG

Absolutely loved reading this. Great job!!!

BeMo Academic Consulting

Hello and thank you very much for your comment! So glad you enjoyed this article!

Do you have any research statement of intent for Master's in Physics?

Hello Saba! Thanks for your comment. We will try to include one when we update the blog :)

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